Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/304

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raiko- can scarcely be related to Sans. ṛçya, ‘buck of a species of antelopes.’ See further Hahnrei.

reiben, vb., ‘to rub, scratch, scour,’ from the equiv. MidHG. rîben, OHG. rîban, for an older *wrîban, whence Fr. riper, ‘to scrape’; comp. LG. wrîven, Du. wrijven, ‘to rub.’ The Teut. root wrī̆b has not yet been found in the other Aryan languages.

Reich, n., ‘empire, realm, kingdom,’ from MidHG. rîche, n., OHG. rîhhi, n., ‘country under sovereign sway, kingdom, Roman-German emperor, authority, dominion’; corresponding to Goth. reiki, n., ‘realm, dominion, power, authority,’ AS. rîče, n., ‘realm, dominion, reign,’ OSax. rîki, n., ‘realm, dominion, authority.’ A derivative with the suffix ja from Teut. *rîk-, which has been preserved only in Goth. as reiks, ‘ruler, chief’ (yet also in proper names like Friedrich and Heinrich). The rare OHG. str. vb. rîhhan, ‘to reign over, take possession of, be mighty,’ is prop. a derivative of *rîk-, ‘ruler,’ which again is a pre-Teut. loan-word from the equiv. Kelt. rîg (for another word, probably borrowed from Kelt. at the same period, see under Amt). The latter is primit. allied to Lat. rêg-em, Sans. râjan, ‘king’ (Aryan rég- would be orig. akin to Teut. rêk, râk), which are connected with the Aryan root rē̆́g, ‘to direct’ (see recht). See the following word.

reich, adj., ‘rich, copious, abounding,’ from MidHG. rîhhi, OHG. rîhhi, adj., ‘mighty, rich, splendid’; corresponding to OSax. rîki, ‘mighty, powerful,’ AS. rîce, ‘mighty, powerful,’ E. rich, Goth. reiks, ‘mighty, distinguished.’ From the G. adj. the equiv. Rom. cognates are derived; comp. Ital. ricco, Fr. riche, ‘rich.’ The comon Teut. adj. is a derivative of the root *rîk, ‘king,’ discussed under the preceding word, hence ‘mighty’ is the earlier meaning of the cognates; ‘royal’ (Lat. régius) is the orig. sense.

reichen, vb., ‘to reach, extend, suffice,’ from MidHG. ‘to arrive at, attain, proffer. suffice, extend,’ OHG. reihhen, ‘to proffer, extend’; corresponding to AS. rœ̂čan (from *raikjan), and the equiv. E. to reach. Its connection with Goth. rakjan, ‘to reach,’ rahtôn, ‘to proffer,’ is not probable, for phonetic reasons; and on account of its meaning, the word can scarcely be related to the cognates of *rîk, ‘ruler,’ mentioned under Reich.

Reif (1.), m., ‘encircling band, hoop, ring,’ from MidHG. and OHG. reif, m., ‘rope, cord, coiled rope, hoop, band, fetter, circle’; corresponding to Du. reep, ‘hoop, rope,’ AS. râp, n., ‘strap, cord, rope,’ E. rope, OIc. reip, n., ‘rope,’ Goth. skaudaraip, ‘shoe-thong,’ Gr. ῥαιβός, ‘crooked,’ is probably not allied, and is best compared with Goth. wraiqs, ‘crooked.’

Reif (2.), m., ‘rime, hoar-frost,’ from the equiv. MidHG. rîfe, OHG. rîfo, hrîfo, m.; corresponding to OLG. hrípo, Du. rijp, ‘rime, hoar-frost’ (Goth. *hreipa). The other dials. have a similarly sounding form, which is not, however, closely allied phonetically; OIc. hrím, AS. hrîm, n., E. rime, Du. rijm, with the same meaning; comp. MidHG. rîmeln, ‘to cover with hoar-frost.’ Does hrîm represent Teut. *hrîpma-, and thus belong to Reif? The comparison of AS. hrîm with Gr. κρῦμός, ‘frost,’ is untenable.

reif, adj., ‘ripe, mature,’ from the equiv. MidHG. rîfe, OHG. rîfi, adj.; corresponding to the equiv. OSax. rîpi, Du. rijp, AS. rîpe, E. ripe; a verbal adj. allied to AS. rī̆pan, ‘to reap’ (whence E. to reap), signifying ‘that which can be reaped.’ The Teut. root rîp, with the orig. sense ‘to cut, reap’ (comp. AS. rîfter, ‘sickle’), has not yet been found in the other Aryan languages.

Reigen, see Reihen (1).

Reihe, f., from the equiv. MidHG. rîke, f., ‘row, line,’ allied to MidHG. rîhen, OHG. rîhan, ‘to range, put on a thread, fix,’ to which MidHG. rige, f., ‘row, line,’ OHG. rī̆ga, ‘line, circular line,’ and Du. rij, ‘row,’ are akin. AS. râw, ‘row, line’ (Goth. *raiwa, for *raigwa, allied to *reihwan), whence E. row is also probably connected with these. The Teut. root rī̆hw, raihw, is related to Sans. rêkkâ, ‘streak, line’ (Aryan root rikh).

Reihen (1.), Reigen, m., ‘chain-dance, roundel, dance and song, frolic,’ from MidHG. reie, reige, m., ‘a sort of dance in a long row across the field’; origin obscure. Comp. also E. ray, ‘a sort of dance,’ the etymology of which is equally obscure.

Reihen (2.), m., ‘instep,’ from the equiv. MidHG. rîhe, m.; OHG. rîho, m., ‘calf of the leg, hock.’ An older *wrîho may be assumed, since ModHG. Rist seems to be allied.

reihen, vb., see Reihe.

Reiher, m., ‘heron,’ from the equiv.