Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/306

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tion of the word reiten (comp. Lat. equo vehi) proves that the art is of recent origin. The Teut. verbal stem rī̆d, for pre-Teut. rī̆dh, reidh, corresponds to OIr. ríad, ‘driving, riding’ (ríadaim, ‘I drive’), OGall. rêda, ‘waggon’ (comp. Gr. ἔ-ριθος, ‘messenger, servant’?). The general meaning is seen also in AS. râd, f., ‘journey, expedition,’ E. road, as well as in the cognates under bereit.

Reiter, f., ‘coarse sieve, riddle,’ from MidHG. rîter, OHG. rîtara, f., ‘sieve,’ for earlier *hrîtara; corresponding to AS. hrîdder, f., ‘sieve’ whence E. riddle. For the Teut. root hrî in the sense of ‘to sift, winnow,’ see rein. The OHG. suffix tara, from pre-Teut. thrâ (Goth. *hrei-dra, f.), corresponds to -brum for -thrum in Lat. cribrum (br from thr, as in ruber, ἐρυθρός), equiv. to OIr. críathar, ‘sieve’; Aryan kreithro- may be assumed. ModHG. Räder, ‘sieve,’ is not connected with this word.

reizen, vb., ‘to stimulate, excite, charm,’ from MidHG. reitzen, reiȥen, OHG. reizzen, reiȥen, ‘to charm, entice, lead astray’; the form with tz is due to Goth. tj. Apparently a factitive of reißen, hence lit. ‘to cause to drag, make one come out of oneself’; comp. OIc. reita, ‘to stir up, irritate.’ Comp. beizen, heizen.

renken, vb., ‘to twist, wrench,’ from MidHG. ręnken, OHG. ręnchen, ‘to turn this way and that,’ for an earlier *wrankjan (from the stem rank, ‘to dislocate,’ are derived the Rom. cognates, Ital. ranco, ‘lame,’ rancare, ‘to halt’). AS. wręnč, ‘bend, artifice,’ AS. wręnčan, ‘to turn,’ E. wrench, subst. and vb. The corresponding vb. is ringen, Teut. wringan; the k of renken (probably for kk) compared with the g of ringen resembles the variation in bücken and biegen, lecken and Goth. bilaigôn, &c. With the pre-Teut. root wrenk (wreng) comp. Gr. ῥέμβω, ‘to turn,’ ῥόμβος, ‘top.’ Comp. Rank.

rennen, vb., ‘to run,’ from MidHG. and OHG. rennen, prop. ‘to cause to flow, chase, drive,’ espec. ‘to make a horse leap, burst,’ hence the reflexive meaning of the ModHG. word; corresponding to OSax. rennian, Goth. rannjan, which are factitives of rinnen.

Renntier, n., ‘reindeer,’ ModHG. only, from the equiv. Swed. ren, which is derived from OIc. hreinn (AS. hrân), whence also Du. rendier, E. reindeer; from the same source probably are Ital. rangifero, Fr. rangier (and renne), ‘reindeer.’ OIc.

hreinn is usually considered to be a Finn. and Lapp. loan-word (raingo).

Rente, f., ‘rent, rental,’ from MidHG. rënte, ‘income, produce, advantage; contrivance.’ Borrowed from Fr. rente, MidLat. renta, Ital. rendita, whence even in OHG. rentôn, ‘to count up.’

Rest, m., ‘rest, remnant, remains,’ ModHG. only, from Fr. reste, m.

retten, vb., ‘to rescue, save,’ from MidHG. and OHG. rętten, ‘to snatch from, rescue’; comp. Du. redden, OFris. hredda, AS. hręddan, ‘to snatch from, set free,’ E. to rid; Goth. *hradjan may be assumed. The Teut. root hrad, from pre-Teut. krath, corresponds to the Sans. root çrath, ‘to let go’ (pres. çratháyâmi).

Rettich, Rettig, m., ‘radish,’ from the equiv. MidHG. rętich, rœtich, OHG. rętih, rā̆tī̆h, m.; corresponding to AS. rœdič; borrowed from Lat. râdîc-em (nom. râdix), which, as the HG. guttural indicates, is found with the Teut. accent prior to the OHG. period. E. radish is a later loanword from Fr. radis.

Reue, f., ‘repentance, from MidHG. riuwe, f., ‘sadness, pain, mourning, repentance,’ OHG. riuwa, earlier hriuwa, f.; corresponding to Du. rout, AS. hreów, ‘grief, mourning, repentance.’ Allied to an obsolete OHG. vb. hriuwan, MidHG. riuwen, ‘to feel pain, be sorry’; corresponding to AS. hreówan, ‘to vex, grieve,’ E. to rue, to which ruth is akin; OIc. hryggva, ‘to sadden.’ Goth. *hriggwan wanting. The Teut. hrū̆, ‘to be sad, sadden,’ has no correspondences in the other Aryan languages.

Reuse, f., ‘weir-basket, weel,’ from MidHG. riuse, OHG. rûsa, rûssa, f., ‘weel, fish-basket’ (from Goth. *rûsjô); a graded and lengthened form of Goth. raus (see Rohr). Hence Reuse means lit. ‘that which is made of reeds.’

reuten, vb., ‘to root out, grub up, from MidHG. riuten, ‘to root out, make fertile’; to this is allied OHG. riuti, MidHG. riute, n., ‘land made fertile by uprooting,’ OIc. ryðja, ‘to make fertile.’ Whether OHG. riostar, riostra, MidHG. riester, ‘plough, plough-handle,’ dial. Riester, is connected with this word is uncertain. See roden.

Reuter, m., ‘trooper,’ first occurs in early ModHG., formed from Du. ruiter, ‘trooper,’ which has nothing to do with reiten, ‘to ride.’ The word is based rather on MidLat. ruptarii (for ruptuarii), rutarii (ex Gallica pronuntiatione); thus were