Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/334

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snū̆, ‘to hasten, move quickly, turn’; comp. OHG. sniumo, AS. sneóme, adv., ‘speedily, quickly,’ Goth. sniumundô, ‘hastily,’ as. snûde, adv., ‘quickly’; as a vb. sniumjan, ‘to hasten,’ Goth. sniwan, ‘to hasten,’ AS. sneówian, ‘to hasten,’ OIc. snúa, ‘to turn.’

Schleuse, f., ‘sluice,’ ModHG. only, formed from LG. slüse, Du. sluis, ‘aqueduct,’ which is derived from OFr. escluse, ModFr. écluse (from early MidLat. sclusa, exclusa). From the same source E. sluice is derived.

Schlich, m., ‘byway, trick,’ from MidHG. slich, m., ‘light, gait,’ allied to schleichen.

schlicht, adj., ‘plain, homely, honest,’ ModHG. only, formed to represent the meanings of MidHG. slëht (see schlecht), which became obsolete in ModHG. schlecht, from the MidHG. and OHG. vb. slihten, ‘to make plain, smooth over,’ and the MidHG. abstract form slihte, f., ‘straightforwardness’; comp. OHG. slihten, ‘to make plain,’ slihtî, allied to slëht, ‘straight, even.’

schliefen, vb., see Schleife.

schließen, vb., ‘to close, shut, include, infer,’ from MidHG. slieȥen, OHG. slioȥan, ‘to shut,’ OSax. *slûtan (equiv. to MidLG. and LG. slûten), is attested by slutil, ‘key’; Du. sluiten, ‘to lock up,’ OFris. slûta; further Northern E. sloat, slot, ‘bolt of a door.’ In OIc. and Goth. the corresponding vbs. and derivs. are wanting. The Teut. root certainly originated in pre-Teut. sklū̆d — the combination skl is not tolerated in Teut., — and hence it may be compared with Lat. claudo for *sclaudo (Aryan root klaud, as well as sklaud), as a cognate term. See Schloß and Schlüssel.

Schliff, m., ‘sharpening, grinding, edge,’ from MidHG. slif (gen. sliffes), m., ‘polish, slipping’; allied to schleifen.

schlimm, adj., ‘bad, wicked,’ from MidHG. slimp, adj., ‘awry, aslant,’ whence the adv. slimbes, ‘obliquely’; OHG. *slimb, ‘aslant,’ may be assumed from the derivative abstr. form slimbî, ‘slope.’ The moral signification of the adj. first occurs in ModHG.; a similar development is seen in Du. slim, ‘bad’ (beside which occurs slimbeen, ‘person with bandy-legs’). E. slim and OIc. slœ́mr, ‘vile,’ were borrowed from the Continent. The remoter history of OTeut. slimba-, ‘aslant, awry,’ from which Ital. sghembo, ‘awry, bent,’ was borrowed at an early period, is quite obscure.

Schlinge, f., ‘knot, loop, noose, snare,’ ModHG. only; corresponding in form to MidHG. slinge, ‘sling,’ f. (see schlenkern), which meaning was retained in ModHG. till the 17th cent. (so too Span. eslingua, Fr. élingue). On account of its sense, however, Schlinge is not to be derived from this MidHG. word, but from the ModHG. vb. —

schlingen, vb., ‘to wind, twine, twist, sling,’ from MidHG. slingen, OHG. slingan, ‘to wind, entwine, swing to and fro,’ MidHG. also ‘to creep,’ OHG. ‘to move’; comp. Du. slingeren, ‘to hurl, swing,’ AS. slingan, E. to slung, OIc. slyngva, ‘to throw’; Goth. *slingwan (or rather *sleihwan) is wanting. The prim. idea of the root slingw, to which both schlenkern and Schlange are allied, was ‘a revolving, swinging motion.’ The Teut. root slingw (*slinhw) originated in pre-Teut. slenk, as is indicated by Lith. slínkti, ‘to creep’ (OSlov. sląkŭ, ‘crooked’?). —

Schlingel, m., ‘sluggard, rascal, blackguard,’ earlier ModHG. Schlüngel, prop. perhaps ‘sneak’; wanting in and in the other languages.

schlingen (1.), vb., ‘to twine, wind.’ See the preceding article.

schlingen (2.), vb., ‘to swallow, engulf,’ a MidG. term introduced by Luther, for (UpG.) MidHG. slinden, OHG. slintan, ‘to devour’; in MidG. nd changes to ng, as, e.g., Thuring. linge, ‘Linde’ (linden), gebungen, gebunden (bound), schlung, Schlund (gullet). Comp. Goth. fra-slindan, ‘to devour,’ Du. slinden, ‘to devour’; further corresponding vbs. are wanting in OTeut. The Teut. root slind, ‘to devour,’ seems to be cognate with the root slī̆d, ‘to slide.’ See Schlitten and also Schlund. The change from schlinden to schlingen is due to connecting the word with schlingen (1); comp. hinunter würgen, ‘to swallow.’

Schlitten, m., ‘sleigh, sledge,’ from the equiv. MidHG. slitte, usually slite, m., OHG. slita, f., slito, m.; comp. Du. slede, MidE. slede, E. sled, sledge, OIc. sleðe, m., ‘sleigh.’ From HG. is derived Ital. slitta, ‘sleigh.’ The Teut. cognates are based on a Teut. root slī̆d, ‘to slide,’ which is preserved in the E. vb. and subst. slide; comp. the equiv. MidHG. (MidG.) slîten, whence ModHG. (dial.) schlittern, ‘to slide (on ice),’ AS. slîdan. Pre-Teut. slī̆dh, ‘to slide,’ is also attested by Lith. slidus, ‘smooth’ (of ice), slýsti (root slyd), ‘to slide,’ Lett. slidas, ‘skates,’ and Sans. sridh, ‘to stumble’; the root seems to have been often used in primit. Teut.