Page:An Etymological Dictionary of the German Language.djvu/91

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Prop. a partic. ending in -ana- of a vb., which only appears, however, as a pret. pres., meaning ‘to possess,’ throughout the Teut. group; comp. Goth. áigan, (áihan), OIc. eiga, AS. âgan, ‘to have’ (E. to owe), pret. in AS. âhte, in E. ought, whence also AS. âgnian, E. to own. The Teut. root aig (aih), from pre-Teut. aik, preserved in these words, has been connected with the Sans. root îç, ‘to possess, have as one's own,’ the partic. of which, îçâná-s (îçâna-s), agrees exactly with HG. eigan, Goth. *aigans. In ModHG. Fracht (which see) we have a subst. formed with a dental suffix (Goth. aihts, ‘property, possession,’ OHG. êht).

Eiland, n., ‘isle,’ from MidHG. eilant, einlant(d), n., ‘land lying by itself, island’ (comp. MidHG. eilif, from OHG. einlif, see elf). Ein here has the meaning ‘solitary, alone,’ as in Einsiedler, Einöde. E. land, and Du. eiland, are not allied; they belong to Au; see the latter.

eilen, vb., ‘to hasten, hurry,’ from the equiv. MidHG. and MidLG. îlen, OHG. îlen (îllen from îljan); akin to AS. ĭle, OFris. ile, OIc. il (gen. iljar), ‘sole of the foot.’ If the l be accepted as a deriv., as it often is in other words, we obtain the widely diffused root ī̆, ‘to go,’ as the source of the cognates; comp. Gr. ἱέναι Lat. ire, Sans. root i, ‘to go,’ OSlov. iti, Lith. eíti, ‘to go.’ See gehen.

eilf, see elf.

Eimer, m., ‘pail, bucket,’ from the MidHG. eimber, ein-ber, m., OHG. eimbar, einbar, m., n., ‘pail’; corresponds to OSax. êmbar (êmmar), Du. emmer, AS. ā̆mbor, ombor, m., ‘pail.’ Apparently a compound of ein- (Goth. ains) and a noun formed from the root ber (Gr. φερ, Lat. fer), ‘to carry,’ which is discussed under Bahre, Bürde; hence ‘a vessel to be carried by one person’?, or rather ‘a vessel with a handle’?. In reality, however, the words cited are only popular corruptions, which were suggested by Zuber (OHG. zwibar) as well as by OHG. sumbirî(n); for undoubtedly OHG. ambar, AS. ombor, are the older forms, as is also proved by the borrowed words, OSlov. ąborŭ, Pruss. wumbaris, ‘pail’; in that case it would be connected with Gr. ἀμφορά. Note too the diminutives OHG. amprî (MidHG. ęmmer?), AS. ęmbren, ‘pail,’ formed from OHG. sumdbirî(n).

ein, num., from the equiv. MidHG. and OHG. ein, ‘one,’ also the indef. art. even

in OHG. and MidHG.; comp. OSax. én, Du. een, AS. ân (E. one, as a num. a, an, as indef. art.), OIc. einn, Goth. ains. The num. common to Teut. for ‘one,’ orig. ainos, which is primit. cognate with Lat. ûnus (comp. commûnis and gemein, ‘common’), and also with OIr. óen, OSlov. inŭ, Lith. vënas, Pruss. ains, ‘one.’ From this old num., which strangely enough is unknown to East Aryan (in which the cognate terms Sans. êka, Zend aéva, ‘one,’ occur), Gr. (dial.) has preserved οἰνός, ‘one,’ and οἴνη, ‘the one on dice, ace.’ See Eiland, Einöde. —

einander, ‘one another,’ thus even in MidHG. einander, OHG. (in the oblique cases) einander, pron., ‘one another’ — a senseless combination of the nom. ein with an oblique case of ander; e.g. OHG. sie sind ein anderen ungelîh, ‘they are unlike one another’ (lit. the one to the other), zeinanderen quëdan, ‘to say to one another’ (lit. one to the others), for which, however, by a remarkable construction, zeinen einanderen may be used in OHG. —

Einbeere, f., ‘one-berry, true-love,’ simply ModHG.; the assumption that the word is a corruption of juniperus is not necessary in order to explain the word. Comp. Ic. einer. —

Einfalt, f., ‘simplicity, silliness,’ from MidHG. einvalt, einvalte (-vęlte), f., OHG. einfaltî, f., ‘simplicity, silliness’; comp. Goth. ainfalþei, f., ‘silliness, good nature’ — an abstract noun from Goth. ainfalþs, ‘silly,’ OHG. and MidHG. einfalt, ‘silly,’ whence OHG. einfaltîg, MidHG. einveltec, adj., ‘silly.’ See falt. —

eingefleischt, see Fleisch. —

Eingeweide, n., ‘entrails, bowels, intestines,’ from MidHG. ĭngeweide (AS. innoþ from *inwâþ), n., ‘bowels,’ for which geweide, n., also meaning ‘food,’ chiefly occurs; ModHG. ein- for ModHG. ĭn, ‘within, inside’; OHG. weida, ‘food, pasture.’ Therefore Eingeweide must have meant lit. ‘the food that has been eaten,’ and afterwards ‘the organs at work in digesting it’; comp. also ausweiden, ‘to disembowel.’ See Weide. —

einig, adj., ‘agreed, sole, only,’ from MidHG. einec(g), OHG. einag, adj., ‘sole, only’; a deriv. of ein. —

Einöde, f., from the equiv. MidHG. einœde, einœte, einôte, f., ‘solitude, desert,’ OHG. einôti, n., ‘solitude, desert.’ By being based on öde, the MidHG. and ModHG. word received its present form; properly, however, -ôti in the OHG. word is a suffix (comp. Heimat, Monat, Armut); Goth. *ainôdus (comp. mannisk-ôdus, ‘benevolence’) is