first and third sound, less often in the middle one. — The Mlg. phonetic laws have been determined by the present writer in former works, and also more especially by Ferrand .
Mlg. ambi, “surplus”: root bih. — Mal. lĕbih, “more”, Karo ambih, “to build an annexe” . — Law: IN h disappears in Mlg. in all positions without leaving a trace.[1]
Mlg. haruna, “basket”: root ruṅ. — Old Jav. kuruṅ, “to enclose”, Karo baruṅ, buffalo pen. — Law: Every IN final nasal appears in Mlg. as na.[2]
Mlg. idina, “to pour out” : root liṅ. — Karo iliṅ, “to pour into”, Bug. paliṅ, “to pour into another vessel” . — Law: Before a primitive i (not an i derived from some other sound) in Mlg., Original IN l appears as d ; this is a special case of the great RLD-law.
Mlg. ampatra, “stretched out” : root pat. — Karo lapat, “stretched out”, Mal. pĕpat, “smoothed out”. — Law: Every Original IN final t becomes tra in Mlg.
Mlg. hindzaka, “to stamp” : root jak. — Old Jav. taṅjak, “to jump”, Karo anjak, “to trot” . — Law: Original IN j after a nasal appears in Mlg. as d+ z. Every Original IN final k appears in Mlg. as ka.
Mlg. lefa, “away, done” : root pas. — Mal. lĕpas, “loose, free, finished”. Tag. lipas, “past”. — Laws: Original IN p becomes f in Mlg., save after a nasal (see ampatra, above) and save when final. Original IN final s disappears in Mlg. but persists before a suffix, hence the imperative passive: alejasu.[3]
31. To conclude this Section we must now undertake another investigation which, as shown amongst others by Siitterlin (“Das Wesen der sprachhchen Gebilde” , pp. 56 seqq.), is of great Hnguistic interest. If we know, for example, that a word iluh, aluh, luha, etc., runs through nearly all the IN languages with the meanings “to flow, to weep, tear”,
