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INDONESIAN LINGUISTICS
Mahābhārata, 2: pratī-pratīta sir a kabeh = “They all rejoiced exceedingly”.
III. The first syllable of the first word is omitted: Mad. soṅay, “river”, ṅay-soṅayan, “ditch”.
IV. Of the first word only the first two sounds are used: Tontb. gorit, “to saw”, gogorit, “saw”.
V. The word-base has only one consonant between the two vowels, and that consonant is then doubled: Iloko ama, “father”, amma, “fathers”.
The various significations expressed by reduplication of the word-base have been discussed with subtle insight by Misteli ("Charakteristik", p. 235).
Extension.
112. I. Word-formation and inflexion take place in IN either by the reduphcation of the word-base, discussed in the preceding paragraph, or by the addition of formatives, mostly prefixes, to the word-base, or else by means of independent words of form.
II. The formatives which combine indissolubly with the root to form the word-base and those which, together with the word-base, create hving derivatives, are in part identical (see § 86).
III. Word-formation and inflexion are generally explained clearly and in detail in the several IN grammars ; and Kern in particular has done a great deal for the comparative treatment of the subject. Nevertheless there still remains quite a wide field open for research here, especially as fresh IN languages are constantly being made available by the creation of dictionaries and grammars. — In this place the writer will merely touch the fringe of the subject by means of a few examples:
a. Word-formation, example from Mlg. :
hira, word-base for “singing”.
mihira, “to sing”.
mpihira, “singer” .
fihirana, “song” .
