pastoral or civic. Besides, the very intercourse between these migratory tribes occurs between men of the same physical and mental endowments.
On the other hand, the intercourse between the inhabitants of Europe occur between men of different mental and physical endowments. This, however, does not infer difference of race, for there is but one human race, made ekeinou aimatos "of the same blood." The difference, we mean, is such as springs from the difference in the climate or geographical position of mankind.
That the differences in the mental and physical constitutions of men, do arise from climatic or geographical causes may readily be proven. The Anglo-Saxon race, as a class of people in our midst complacently style themselves, came to this continent some two centuries ago. Not only do these people now differ very greatly from the original stock, whose unchanged descendants are to be found in the British Isles, but they also differ from each other in the various parts of North America. A New-Englander resembles an Englishman in scarcely any physical or mental endowment, and differs in these respects from a Kentuckian or Georgian also; yet all are descendants of the great Anglo-Saxon race, and possibly are the unmingled off-shoots of one and the same family. As a whole, the American branch of the Anglo-Saxon race, is thinner in person, and more rapid in temperament than the British continuation of the same stock. In parts, we have the inhabitants of Vermont with all the physical characteristics of the Xanthous race, to wit, yellow hair and light eyes. And again we have the people of Georgia with the dark or brown hair and black eyes of the Melanic variety of mankind. And if, as these facts prove, the same stock of men, placed under different geographical influences, undergo a change in mental and physical endowments, this change must result from the geographical influences. In other words, certain localities, nay, every locality, will produce certain peculiarities in the mental and physical constitution of whatever men continuously reside thereon.
Many facts uphold this curious and important view. Two centuries have been sufficient to stamp upon the people of these United States, physical and mental peculiarities which the world readily recognises to be American. Nor is this all. The American people descended from early emigrants, are rapidly assuming the physical type of the Aboriginal inhabitants of this continent. This fact was first mentioned to the writer by an artist, who, some years ago, took casts of many distinguished American Statesmen. Its accuracy may be successfully tested by an examination of any Daguerrian National Gallery.
Another instance: Mrs. Meredith, of England, in her book of travels in New South Wales, says of the Anglo-Saxons in that region: 'The children are mostly pale and slight, though healthy, with very light hair and eyes. * * * They grow up tall; the girls often very pretty and delicate looking whilst young, though very often disfigured by bad teeth. * * * The boys grow up long and often lanky, seldom showing the strong, athletic build so common at home; or, if they do, it is spoiled by round shoulders and a narrow chest; and what puzzles me exceedingly to account for, a very large proportion of both male and female natives snuffle dreadfully—just the same nasal twang as many Americans have. In some cases English parents have come out here with English-born children. These all speak clearly and well, and continue to do so, whilst those born after the parents arrive in the colony, have the detestable snuffle.'
Dr. Prichard remarks: 'In general the tribes (of Western Africa) inhabiting elevated countries in the interior are very superior to those who dwell on low tracts on the sea coast; and this superiority is manifest both in
