objects was not intentional. The skull is colored in part only, and what is red shows much irregularity in the quantity of the pigment; and the same is true of the other parts of the skeleton, the large disks, some of the smaller ones, and of the Dentalium. This intense red was also communicated to the bones of animals and the teeth of a horse which lay near the body, and on these the coloration presents similar irregularities as that on the human bones. The examples of loess from next to the body contain a large number of red grains and show irregular patches of coloration. This last fact is explicable only on the hypothesis that red pigment, which does not exist naturally in the loess, was thrown about the otherwise highly-decorated body. The grains of pigment remained intact in the loess, but they disintegrated over the bones and other objects and imparted to these the red coloration.[1] This demonstrates also that in the case of the Brno skeleton we have to deal with a quaternary, intentional burial, of a nature known from several other localities in central and western Europe.
THE GUDENUSHOEHLE.
The Gudenus cavern is situated 20 kilometers northwest of the city of Krems, in the valley of the Little Krems, not far from Willendorf, in Lower Austria. The cave is 22 meters long by 2 to 3 meters in breadth and is situated 7.5 meters above the level of the stream. The deposits showed on exploration as follows:
(b) A quaternary archeological deposit, thickest in front of the entrance and in the southern part of the cave, 28 cm.
(c) Cave loam, 6 cm.
(d) Cave loam, with many unbroken bones of animals, 26 cm.
(f) Sand containing no specimens, 65 cm.
(g) Clay, with rubbish, 22 cm.
(h) Bed rock.
The archeological deposit contained about 1,300 implements made of flint and numerous utensils of bone and horn of the reindeer period or Magdalenian types. The fauna of the same layer was that of the arctic-alpine climate (Elephas primigenius, Rhinoceros tichorhinus, Bos primigenius, Capella rubicapra, Rangifer tarandus, Cervus elaphus, etc.). According to Woldřich this deposit yielded also a tooth of an infant.
THE LIECHTENSTEIN CAVE.
About 20 meters west of the cave known as Bočkova-di'ra, which will be dealt with later on (see p. 387), in establishing a stone quarry, a party of workmen in 1902 came across a rock shelter, the roof of
- ↑ See in this connection A. Hrdlicka, "The painting of human bones among the American Aborigines." Smithsonian Report for 1904, pp. 607–617, Pls. I–III.
