Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1889, volume 6).djvu/427

Saintings have been lithographed. — His son. George .revitt, b. in Baltimore, Md., 29 Oct., 1854, was educated at the U. S. naval academy, studied art in Paris, and has followed it as a profession. Among his works are "Sunset" (1883) and "Twi- light on the Susquehanna," " Village Scene in Brownsville," and " On the Upper Potomac " (1884).

WAYLAND, Francis, educator, b. in New York city, 11 March, 1796; d. in Providence, R. I., 30 Sept., 1865. He was the son of Francis Wayland, a Baptist minister, who emigrated from England, and was the pastor of churches in Poughkeepsie, Troy, Albany, and Saratoga Springs. The son was graduated in 1813 at Union college, then un- der the presiden- cy of Dr. Elipha- let Nott, whose spirit and meth- ods influenced largely his own future course as a college presi- dent. Immedi- ately upon his graduation he spent three years in the study ox medicine. Hav- ing meanwhile united with a Baptist church,

and feeling that

duty called him to the Christian ministry, he en- tered in 1816 the Andover theological seminary, but at the end of a year he left to become a tutor in Union college, which office he held for four years. He was called in 1821 to the pastorate of the 1st Baptist church in Boston, and soon became recog- nized as a man of rich and varied gifts. His preach- ing, though unaided by an attractive delivery, was greatly admired for its broad and deep thoughtful- ness and its fine grace of expression. His sermons on " The Moral Dignity of the Missionary Enter- prise " (1823) and " The Duties of an American Citi- zen" (1825) placed him in the front rank of Ameri- can preachers. The former, in particular, has ob- tained wide celebrity. In 1826 he accepted a pro- fessorship in Union college, but he left it in Feb- ruary, 1827, to take the presidency of Brown uni- versity, which office he filled for twenty-eight years with distinguished honor to himself and the highest advantage to the university. It felt at once in all its departments the inspiration of a new life, and speedily enjoyed a greatly enlarged prosperity. Dr. Wayland's instructions in psychology, political economy, and ethics, especially the last, were in a high degree stimulating to his pupils, while his strong personality was felt by the students of every class as an educating and elevating force. Not satisfied with the old text-books, he prepared lectures on all the subjects that he taught. He delivered weekly sermons to the students in the chapel, often attended their prayer-meetings, and gathered them for Bible instruction. In all these services he was singularly effective. Though he was naturally conservative, his clear perceptions and sound judgment made him,a pioneer reformer in educational methods. In 1850 his views led to a reorganization of Brown university, so as to give a place to the more modern branches of learning, and to allow a larger liberty in the election of studies, changes that since his day have almost uni- versally been adopted. After his retirement from the presidency in 1855 he served for a year and a half as pastor of the 1st Baptist church in Provi- dence. Subsequently he gave his strength to re- ligious and humane work, devoting much time to the inmates of the Rhode Island state prison and reform school. He received the degree of D. D. from Union in 1827 and Harvard in 1829, and that of LL. D. from the latter in 1852. Dr. Wayland was a prolific author. Besides about fifty sermons and addresses, his published works are " Occasional Discourses" (Boston, 1833); "Elements of Moral Science " (New York, 1835 ; abridged ed. for schools, Boston, 1836 ; with notes and analysis by Joseph Angus, D. D., London, 1857; with analysis by Rev. George B. Wheeler, 1863 ; translated into several foreign languages) ; " Elements of Political Economy" (New York, 1837; abridged ed., Bos- ton, 1840) ; " Moral Law of Accumulation " (Bos- ton, 1837) ; " The Limitations of Human Respon- sibility" (1838); "Thoughts on the Present Colle- giate System in the United States " (1842) ; " Do- mestic Slavery considered as a Scriptural Institu- tion," a correspondence between Dr. Wayland and Rev. Richard Fuller, of Beaufort, S. C. (1845); " Sermons delivered in the Chapel of Brown Uni- versity" (1849); "Report to the Corporation of Brown University on the Changes in the System of Collegiate Education " (Providence, 1850); me- moirs of Harriet Ware (1850) and Adoniram Judson (2 vols., Boston, 1853) ; " Elements of Intellectual Philosophy " (1854) ; " Notes on the Principles and Practices of Baptist Churches " (1857) ; " Sermons to the Churches" (1858); "Salvation by Christ" (1859) ; " Letters on the Ministry of the Gospel," addressed to Hem an Lincoln (1863); and "Memoir of Thomas Chalmers, D. D." (1864). See a memoir, with selections from his personal reminiscences and correspondence, by his sons, Francis and Heman Lincoln Wayland (2 vols., New York, 1867), and his funeral sermon by Prof. George I. Chace (1866). — His son, Francis, lawyer, b. in Boston, Mass., 23 Aug., 1826, was graduated at Brown in 1846, studied at Harvard law-school and in Springfield, Mass., and began practice in Worcester in 1850. In 1858 he removed to New Haven, Conn., and in 1864 he was elected judge of probate for that city. In 1869 he was elected lieutenant-governor of Con- necticut. In 1872 he was appointed to a profes- sorship in the law-school of Yale, and in the next year he was made dean of that school. Dr. Way- land is president of the boards of directors of the Connecticut state prison, the Connecticut prison association, the National prison association, the Organized charities of New Haven, and the Con- necticut general hospital in that city. He was president of the American Baptist education so- ciety, and is vice-president of the American Baptist missionary union. In 1874 he was president of the board of visitors to the U. S. military academy at West Point, and in 1880 he was vice-president of the board of visitors to the U. S. naval academy at Annapolis. He was for several years chairman of the jurisprudence department of the American so- cial science association, and was chosen in 1880 president of that body. He is active in the educational and benevolent enterprises of the Baptist denomination, to which he belongs. He received in 1879 from Rochester university the degree of LL. D., and the same from Brown in 1881. Besides articles in the " Atlantic Monthly," he published papers on " Tramps " and " Out-Door Relief," prepared for the American social science association. — Another son, Heman Lincoln, clergyman, b. in Providence, R. I., 23 April, 1830, was graduated at Brown in 1849, and, after spending a