June, 1857. He was the son of an eminent clergy- man of the Associate Reformed church, studied at Columbia for three years, then went to Dickinson college, where he was graduated in 1823, spent two years at Princeton seminary, and, while acting as a tutor in Princeton college during the next two years, was licensed to preach by the New York presbytery on 7 March, 1827. He was installed as pastor of a Presbyterian church in Louisville, Ky., in 1828, and two years later was chosen president of Centre college, which office he filled until his death, officiating also after 1834 as pastor of a Presbyterian church in Danville. In a contro- versy with the Rev. Samuel Crothers and William Steele he upheld the views of the Kentucky eman- cipationists and deprecated the aims of the Abo- litionists. He received the degree of D. D. from Princeton in 1839, and in 1853 was moderator of the general assembly. His first wife was a niece of the Rev. Robert J. Breckinridge and his second a daughter of John J. Crittenden. His publica- tions include a " Speech before the Kentucky Colonization Society (1832), and an " Addi - ess to the Presbyterians of Kentucky, proposing a Plan for the Instruction and Emancipation of their Slaves," which he prepared in 1834 for the commit- tee of the Kentucky synod that had passed resolu- tions in favor of gradual emancipation. Of the address 100,000 copies were circulated. It elicited the strictures of the Ohio Abolitionists, to whom Dr. Young replied in a letter entitled " The Doc- trine of Immediate Emancipation Unsound," which first appeared in the newspapers in 1835. YOUNG, John Freeman, P. E. bishop, b. in Pittston, Kennebec co., Me., 30 Oct., 1820; d. in New York city, 15 Nov., 1885. He began a scientific course at Wesleyan university in 1841, but left that institution during freshman year. He then became a student in the Virginia theological semi- nary at Alexandria, where he was graduated in 1845. He was at once ordained to the ministry of the ProtestantEpiscopal church, and preached suc- cessively in Florida, Texas, Mississippi, and Louisi- ana. In 1860-'7 he was assistant minister of Trin- ity church, New York. Having been elected the second bishop of Florida, he was consecrated, 25 July, 1867, and held the office until the time of his death. He received the degree of S. T. D. from Columbia college in 1865. Bishop Young has pub- lished in pamphlet-form a series of twenty-five hymns in the Spanish language, with tunes, also " Great Hymns of the Church " (New York, 1887).
- YOUNG, John Russell, journalist, b. in Dow-
ington, Chester co.. Pa., 20 Nov., 1841. He re- ceived his education in the public schools of Phila- delphia and the New Orleans high-school. He en- tered the employment of the Philadelphia " Press " in 1857 as copy-boy, and was promoted to other duties till at the beginning of the civil war he was sent to Virginia as war-correspondent. He re- mained with the Army of the Potomac from the battle of Bull Run till the end of the Chickahom- iny campaign. In 1864 he accompanied Gen. Na- thaniel P. Banks on his Red river expedition, after which he returned to Philadelphia to assume edi- torial charge of the " Press." He resigned in 1865 and attempted to establish a new paper in Phila- delphia, which he called the " Morning Post," and after its failure began the publication of one in New York city named the " Standard," with which he had no better success. He then connected him- self with the New York "Tribune," of which he was managing editor from 1866 till 1869. Having studied law for the prescribed term, he obtained admission to the bar in 1867. In 1871 he went to Europe as a correspondent of the New York " Her- ald," and was engaged in collecting news in Great Britain and on the continent till 1877, when, as commissioner of the " Herald," he accompanied ex-President Grant around the world. After his return to New York city in 1879 he resumed his place on the editorial staff. On 15 March, 1882, he was appointed U. S. minister to China. He filled that post until the accession of President Cleveland, and then returned to New York and en- gaged in his former occupation. He has published "Around the World with General Grant " (2 vols.. New York, 1879).— His brother, James Rankin, journalist, b. in Philadelphia, Pa., 6 March, 1847, enlisted in the emergency campaign of 1863, and then entered the volunteer army in 1864, serving until the close of the war. In 1866 he became con- nected with the New York "Tribune," was its Washington correspondent until 1871, when he be- came executive clerk of the U. S. senate, which place he has since held. He is one of the owners of the Philadelphia " Evening Star," to which he has contributed the "S. M." correspondence.
YOUNG, Jonathan, naval officer, b. in Ohio,
27 Nov., 1825 ; d. in New London, Conn., 17 May,
1885. He entered the navy as a midshipman, 19
Oct., 1841, and served in the West Indies, where he
participated in an engagement with pirates on the
Isle of Pines off the south coast of Cuba, and
captured a slaver with 500 slaves on board. He
cruised in the ship-of-the-line " Columbus " around
the world, 1845-'8, and at Yeddo, Japan, succeeded
in forcibly delivering a letter to the Japanese gov-
ernment. He became a passed midshipman, 10
Aug., 1847, was commissioned a master, 14 Sept.,
1855, and a lieutenant the next day, while on a
cruise in the steamer " Massachusetts," of the Pa-
cific station. In this cruise he participated in
engagements with Indians in Puget sound. He
commanded the steamer " Western port " in the
Paraguay expedition of 1859, and when the civil
war began was serving in the steamer "Susque-
hanna " in the Mediterranean, in which he returned,
6 June, 1861, and participated in the capture of
the forts at Hatteras inlet, 28 Aug., 1861, and of
Port Royal, S. C, 7 Nov., 1861. He was executive
in the steamer " Powhatan " in chase of the Con-
federate privateer " Sumter " to Brazil and Gibral-
tar in 1861-'2, commanded the steamer "Pembi-
na," of the Western Gulf squadron, a short time in
1863, and was promoted to lieutenant-commander,
16 July, 1862, and to commander, 25 July, 1866,
commanded the receiving - ship at Portsmouth,
N. H., 1866-'7, and steamer " Mahaska," North At-
lantic squadron, 1868-'9, served at the naval ob-
servatory in Washington, 1869, and navy -yard,
Portsouth, 1869-72. Pie was chief of staff on the
flag-ship " Lancaster," of the Brazil squadron, in
1873, was commissioned a captain, 8 Nov., 1873,
commanded the steamer "Tennessee," of the Asiatic
squadron, in 1876-8, and served at the navy-yard,
Portsmouth, in 1879-'81. He was promoted to com-
modore, 19 June, 1882, and commanded the naval
station at New London in 1882-'5.
YOUNG, Josne Marie, R. C. bishop, b. in the part of Acton that is now called Shapleigh, Me., 29 Oct., 1808; d. in Erie, Pa., 18 Sept., 1866. His
father, Jonathan, a graduate of Harvard, was a Universalist in religion, and the son was educated in the Congregational faith by a maternal uncle, who was a descendant of the Rev. Samuel Moody. He was apprenticed to a printer at Portland in 1823, adopted Universalist views for a time, and then became a convert to Catholicism. For a year after his apprenticeship he edited the " Maine
