his portrait in Washington in 1862. In Rome, Miss Landor modelled a bust of Hawthorne, which is now in the Concord public library, and Kuntze modelled his head in profile, but of a size a little smaller than life, and there are many excellent photographs. The portrait on page 124 is from a photograph made in 1861, in the possession of the senior editor of this work. His son Julian has published “Nathaniel Hawthorne and his Wife,” a biography (2 vols., Boston, 1885), which is the fullest memoir, and his son-in-law, George Parsons Lathrop, an admirable “Study of Hawthorne” (1876). Henry James wrote his life for the series of “English Men of Letters” (1880). The complete and best collection of his works is the Riverside edition, edited, with a memoir, by Mr. Lathrop (12 vols., Boston, 1883). There is also a cheaper Globe edition. A complete analytical index to his works, prepared by Evangeline M. O'Connor, forms a volume by itself, and is issued uniform with the various editions (Boston, 1882).—His wife, Sophia Peabody, author, b. in Salem, Mass., in 1810; d. in London, England, 26 Feb., 1871, possessed artistic talents, and made her husband's acquaintance while illustrating “The Gentle Boy” in the “Twice-told Tales.” They were married in 1843. After Hawthorne's death she edited his “Note-Books,” and published a volume of her own observations entitled “Notes in England and Italy” (New York, 1868).—Their son, Julian, author, b. in Boston, Mass., 22 June, 1846, went to Europe with his parents in 1853, and after their return entered Harvard in 1863, but gave more attention to athletic exercises than to his studies. In 1868 he began the study of civil engineering in the scientific school at Cambridge, and was one of the university crew in the regatta. In October, 1868, he went to Dresden to study, but the Franco-German war began while he was visiting at home in the summer of 1870, and he obtained employment as a hydrographic engineer under Gen. George B. McClellan in the department of docks, New York. In 1871 he began to write stories and sketches for magazines, and in 1872 lost his office as engineer, and, deciding to devote himself to literature, went to England, and then to Dresden, where he remained two years. While there he published his novels of “Bressant” (New York, 1873) and “Idolatry” (1874). In September, 1874, he settled in London, where he remained till October, 1881. The following winter he passed near Cork, Ireland, and in March, 1882, returned to New York. While in England he contributed much to the magazines, and for two years was a writer on the staff of the London “Spectator.” In 1875 he published in the “Contemporary Review” sketches entitled “Saxon Studies,” afterward issued in book-form (New York and London). The novel of “Garth” was issued in book-form in 1875, and was followed by novelettes and collections of stories entitled “The Laughing Mill,” “Archibald Malmaison,” “Ellice Quentin,” “Prince Saroni's Wife,” and the “Yellow Cap” fairy-stories. None of these appeared at the time in the United States, but “Prince Saroni's Wife” was reprinted in New York in 1884. “Sebastian Strome,” his next novel, was published in book-form in 1880, “Fortune's Fool” in 1883, and “Dust” and “Noble Blood” in 1884. After his return to the United States he edited his father's posthumous romance, “Dr. Grimshaw's Secret,” and wrote the biography of his father and mother.—Nathaniel Hawthorne's eldest daughter, Una, died unmarried. His daughter Rose married George Parsons Lathrop.
HAXALL, Robert William, physician, b. in Petersburg, Va., 1 Aug., 1802; d. in Richmond, Va., 26 March, 1872. He was graduated at Yale in 1823, attended a course of medical lectures in the University of Pennsylvania, and received his medical degree from the University of Maryland in 1826. After studying in Europe, he settled in Richmond, where he had a large practice. He was on several occasions president of the Medical society of Virginia, and was one of the founders of the American medical association. He obtained two Boylston prizes for essays, and was a frequent contributor to the " Stethoscope."
HAY, Charles Augustus, theologian, b. in York, Pa., 11 Feb., 1821. He was graduated at Pennsylvania college, Gettysburg, in 1839, and at the Lutheran theological seminary in that town in 1841. He continued his studies in 1841-'3 at Berlin and Halle, Germany, and during these years travelled extensively on the continent of Europe and in Great Britain. After his return in 1843 he became pastor in 1844 of the Lutheran congregation at Middletown, Md. From this place he was called to the chair of Hebrew and German i n the theological seminary at Gettysburg, Pa., which he held from 1844 till 1848. He was pastor at Hanover in 1848-'9, and at Harrisburg, Pa., in 1849-'65. In the latter year he was again called to the theological seminary as professor of Hebrew, German, biblical criticism, and pastoral theology. He has discharged the duties of this office for more than twenty years, and takes a high rank as a theologian and educator in his church. He belongs to the conservative wing of the general synod, and is an advocate of distinctive Lutheranism. Together with the Rev. H. E. Jacobs, D. D., he translated from the German, Dr. Schmid's "Doctrinal Theology of the Evangelical Lutheran Church" (1876; revised ed., 1887), and is a frequent contributor to the "Bibliotheca Sacra," "Evangelical Review," "Quarterly Review," and other periodicals.
HAY, George, jurist, d. in Richmond, Va., 21 Sept., 1830. He was a member of the Virginia legislature, was for many years U. S. attorney, and in that capacity was the prosecutor of Aaron Burr. He was subsequently a judge of the U. S. court for the eastern district of Virginia, and married a daughter of President Monroe. He gained some celebrity from his political writings, which were signed "Hortensius," and wrote a treatise against usury laws, a life of John Thompson, and a treatise on "Expatriation" (1814).
HAY, John, author, b. in Salem, Ind., 8 Oct., 1838. His ancestor, John, was a son of a Scottish soldier who left his own country in the beginning of the last century and took service in the army of the Elector Palatine. The son, with his family, emigrated to this country, and two grandsons served with distinction in the war of independence. John Hay took, while in college, high rank as a writer, and after graduation at Brown in 1858, studied law at Springfield, Ill. He was admitted to practice in the supreme court in Illinois in 1861, but immediately afterward went to Washington as assistant secretary to President Lincoln, remaining with him, both as a secretary and a trusted friend, almost constantly till his death. He acted also as his adjutant and aide-de-camp, and served for several months under Gen. Hunter and Gen. Gillmore, with the rank of major and assistant adjutant-general. He was also brevetted lieutenant-colonel and colonel. He was first secretary of legation at Paris, and several times in charge in 1865-'7, and chargé de affaires at Vienna in 1867-'8, when he resigned and came home, but was soon afterward secretary of legation at Madrid, where he remained more than a year. Leaving that
