HENRY, Alexander, merchant, b. in the north of Ireland in June, 1766; d. in Philadelphia, Pa., 13 Aug., 1847. His father died when Alexander was two years old, and in 1783 the boy came to Philadelphia, where he was a clerk in a dry-goods house, and subsequently began business for him- self, accumulating a fortune. He was the first to introduce religious tracts into the United States. and actively contributed to the promotion of re- ligion and education, the relief of poverty, and the reformation of criminals. He was president of the Presbyterian board of education, a founder and first president of the American Sunday-scnool union, and was associated in the management of many other religious or benevolent institutions. — His son, Thomas Charlton, clergyman, b. in Philadelphia, 22 Sept., 1790 ; d. in Charleston, S. C, 4 Oct., 1827, was graduated at Middlebury in 1814, studied two years in Princeton theological seminary, and after two more years of mission work was ordained as a Presbyterian clergyman on 7 Nov., 1818. He was pastor of the first church in Columbia, S. C, from that time till 1824, and of the second church in Charleston from then till his death. He spent six months in Europe for his health in 1826. Yale gave him the degree of D. D. in 1824. He pub- lished " Inquiry into the Consistency of Popular Amusements with a Profession of Christianity" (Charleston, 1825) ; " Moral Etchings from the Re- ligious World " (1828) ; " Letters to an Anxious Inquirer" (1828; London, 1829, with a memoir by Rev. Thomas Lewis); and occasional sermons. — Alexander's grandson, Alexander, mayor of Phila- delphia, b. in Philadelphia, 14 April, 1823; d. there, 6 Dec, 1883, was the son of John Henry. He was graduated at Princeton in 1840, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1844. In 1856-'7 he served in the councils, and in 1858 was elected to the mayoralty on the ticket of the Peo- ple's party, composed of Whigs and Republicans. By successive elections he served in the office until 1866, when he declined a renomination. He man- aged the affairs of Philadelphia during the civil war with great ability. On the arrival of Mr. Lincoln in Philadelphia, 21 Feb., 1861, on his way to Washington to be inaugurated, Mayor Henry gave him welcome, and tendered him the hospi- tality of the city. On 16 April he issued a procla- mation declaring that treason against the state or against the United States would not be suffered within the city. First as a member, and afterward as president, of the state board of centennial super- visors, Mr. Henry labored with great efficiency for the success of the International exhibition of 1876. In addition to many other important offices, he was for many years a trustee of the University of Pennsylvania, a member of the park commission, and an inspector of the Eastern penitentiary, which post he had held at the time of his decease twenty- eight consecutive years.
HENRY, Alexander, traveller, b. in New
Brunswick, N. J., in 1739 : d. in Montreal, Canada,
4 April, 1824. He accompanied the expedition of
Sir Jeffrey Amherst in 1760, and was present at
the capture of Fort de Levi, on the St. Lawrence
river, and the surrender of Montreal. A new mar-
ket having been thus thrown open to English mer-
chants, Henry embarked in the fur-trade, and in
1761 went to Fort Mackinaw. On 4 June, 1763,
the majority of the garrison were massacred by
the Indians, and Henry, with others, was carried
into captivity, but finally escaped death by the
intervention of Wawatam, a Chippewa, who had
previously adopted him as a brother. Henry now
.assumed the Indian garb, and lived among the sav-
ages till June, 1764, when he went to Fort Niagara,
and was given the command of an Indian battalion
of ninety-six men, with which he accompanied the
army of Gen. John Bradstreet to Detroit. After
the relief of that city and the flight of Pontine,
Henry resumed the fur-trade, and until 1776
travelled in that employment in the northwest, be-
tween Montreal and the Rocky mountains. In
1770, with the Duke of Gloucester and others in
England, and Sir William Johnson, Henry l'.o-i-
wick, and a Mr. Baxter, in the colonies, he formed
a company for working the mines on Lake Supe-
rior, but after various unsuccessful attempts the
company was dissolved in 1774. Masses of copper
weighing as much as three pounds were found, but
Henry concluded that the " copper ores of Lake
Superior can never be profitably sought for but for
local consumption. The country must be culti-
vated and peopled before they can deserve notice."
Henry published " Travels and Adventures in
Canada and the Indian Territories between the
Years 1760 and 1776" (New York, 1809).
HENRY, Caleb Sprague, author, b. in Rutland,
Mass., 2 Aug., 1804; d. in Newburg, N. Y., 9 March
1884. He was graduated at Dartmouth in 1825,
studied theology at Andover and New Haven, and
was ordained as a Congregational minister on 21
Jan., 1829. After holding pastorates at Greenfield,
Mass., in 1829-'31, and in West Hartford, Conn.,
in 1833-'5, he took deacon's orders in the Protest-
ant Episcopal church in the latter year, was or-
dained priest in 1836, and in 1835-'8 was pro few >r
of intellectual and moral philosophy in Bristol
college, Pa. Previously, in 1834, he had published
a pamphlet on " Principles and Prospects of the
Friends of Peace," and had established the " Amer-
ican Advocate of Peace," which, after the first year,
became the organ of the American peace society.
In 1837, with Dr. Francis L. Hawks, he founded the
"New York Review," and conducted it till 1840,
when Dr. Josiah G. Cogswell, who had been co-
editor for a year, became its editor-in-chief. Dr.
Henry was professor of philosophy and history in
the New York university in 1839-'52, and for some
time performed the duties of chancellor. He was
also rector of St. Clement's church, New York, in
1847-'50. During that period he edited the
" Churchman," and was also for a year or two
political editor of the New York "Times." He
engaged in literary work in Poughkeepsie and
Newburg, N. Y., in 1850-'68, and in Hartford,
Conn., in 1868-'70, was rector of St. Michael's
church, Litchfield, Conn., in 1870-'3, and then
resided in Stamford, Conn., till 1880. when he
returned to Newburg. Hobart gave him the de-
gree of D. D. in 1838, and the College of the city
of New York that of LL. D. in 1879. Besides nu-
merous lectures and addresses, Dr. Henry published
"Cousin's Psychology," translated from the French,
with an introduction and notes (Hartford, 1834;
4th ed., revised, New York, 1856) ; " Compendium
of Christian Antiquities " (1837) ; " Moral and
Philosophical Essays" (1839); Guizot's "History
of Civilization," with notes ; " Household Litur-
gy"; Taylor's "Ancient and Modern History."
revised, with a chapter on the history of the United
States (1845) ; Bautain's "Epitome of the History
of Philosophy," with a continuation to the date of
publication (2 vols., 1845) ; " Dr. Oldham at Grey-
stones, and his Talk There," published anony-
mously (1860; 3d ed., 1872); "Social Welfare
and Human Progress" (1860); "About Men and
Things" (1873); and " Satan as a Moral Philoso-
pher " (1877). The last four are collections of
essays on various subjects.
