of Paris, and inserted several extracts from them in his numerous publications about South America.
HORNER, William Edmonds, physician, b. in
Warrenton, Va., 3 June, 1793 ; d. in Philadelphia,
Pa,, 13 March, 1853. His grandfather, Robert,
emigrated from England to Maryland before the
Revolution. William was educated at a private
school, studied medicine, and received his degree
from the University of Pennsylvania in 1814. He
had been commissioned surgeon's mate in the army
in 1812, and served through the war with England
on the Canadian frontier. After his resignation, in
1815, he practised at Warrenton, but in 1816 re-
moved to Philadelphia. He became, in 1817, dissect-
or to Dr. Casper Wistar, who was then professor of
anatomy in the University of Pennsylvania, and in
1819 was made adjunct-professor of anatomy under
Dr. Philip S. Physick. He now devoted himself
with zeal to anatomical investigation, and in 1824
discovered the Musculus Hornerii, an important
muscle of the eye, which he described in a series of
articles in the " American Journal of Medical
Sciences " of that year. When Dr. Physick re-
signed the chair of anatomy in 1831, Dr. Horner
became his successor, and remained in this office
till his death. He was an active member of the
city sanitary board during the cholera epidemic of
1832, and was presented by the citizens with a
silver pitcher for his exertions. He united with
the Roman Catholic church in 1839. and in 1847
founded St. Joseph's hospital. In 1848 he re-visited
Europe, and was well received by scientific men.
His health began to fail in 1841, and during his
last years he suffered greatly, but he continued his
lectures till two months before his death. He left
his fine anatomical collections, valued at $10,000,
to the University of Pennsylvania, and his large
library to St. Joseph's hospital. Dr. Horner pub-
lished " Special Anatomv and Histology " (Phila-
delphia, 1826; 8th ed., 2 vols., 1851); " United
States Dissector" (5th ed., revised by Dr. Henry H.
Smith, 1856) ; "Anatomical Atlas " ; and numerous
contributions to medical periodicals. He left
manuscripts on theological and literary subjects.
HORR, Asa, physician, b. in Worthington.
Ohio, 2 Sept., 1817. He was graduated at the
Cleveland medical college in 1846, and after prac-
tising in Baltimore, Fairfield co., Ohio, removed in
1847 to Dubuque, Iowa. During the civil war he
was examining surgeon in the recruiting service,
and since 1869 has been president of the Iowa
institute of science and arts, of which he was in
1868 one of the founders. In 1875 he was appointed
examining surgeon to the U. S. pension bureau. In
1864 he established a private astronomical observ-
atory at Dubuque, Iowa, and was the first to de-
termine accurately the longitude of that city. Dr.
Horr has bestowed much attention upon botany
and other sciences, and to perfecting a system of
short-hand, and for many years has been a meteo-
rological observer to the Smithsonian institution.
He has written many professional and scientific
papers, and with John M. Bigelow published a
" Catalogue of the Plants of Franklin county, Ohio."
HORRY, Elias, benefactor, b. in Charleston,
S. C, 21 June, 1743 ; d. there, 17 Sept., 1834. He
was descended from a family of Huguenots, and
became a wealthy citizen of Charleston. He was
distinguished for his liberality, and gave $10,000
to found a chair of moral and political philosophy
in Charleston college. Mr. Horry was mayor of
Charleston in 1815-18. and was afterward inter-
ested in the South Carolina railroad.
HORRY, Peter, Revolutionary soldier, b. prob-
ably in South Carolina. He distinguished himself
in the Revolutionary war, and was a brigadier-
general under Gen. Francis Marion. In conjunc-
tion with Rev. Mason L. Weems (a. v.), he published
a "Life of Marion" (Philadelphia, 1824), which
has passed through many editions. Horry fur-
nished the facts for the work, and the romantic
manner in which they were treated by his co-worker
caused a correspondence between the two, in which
Horry disclaimed the honor of joint authorship.
HORSEY, Outerbridge, lawyer, b. in Somerset
county, Del., in 1777 ; d. in Needwood, Md., 9
June, 1842. He received an academical education,
studied law with James A. Bayard, was admitted
to the bar, and began practice at Wilmington, Del.
He was attorney-general of Delaware for many
years, and elected U. S. senator from Delaware to
succeed Samuel White, deceased, serving from 29
Jan., 1810. till 3 March, 1821.
HORSFIELD, Thomas, author, b. in Phila-
delphia in 1773 ; d. in London, England, in 1859.
He was eminent as a naturalist and traveller, and,
after pursuing for many years investigations in
natural history in Java, went to England in 1820.
He published " Lepidopterous Insects " (London,
1857) : and " Zoological Researches in Java " (Lon-
don, 1821-'4). The plants that he collected were
described in " Plantae Javanicae Rariores."
HORSFORD, Jedediah, soldier, b. in Charlotte, Vt., 8 March, 1791; d. in Livonia, N. Y., 14 Jan., 1874. He participated in the defence of Burlington during the war of 1812, and in 1814 removed to the Genesee valley, where he served as a missionary among the Seneca Indians. After two years of this work he settled as a farmer, first at Mount Morris, and then at Moscow, X. Y. He became a leader in the organization of the militia of the Genesee valley at the time of the burning of Buffalo and the battle of Lundy's Lane, and acquired the title of colonel. Subsequently he was a member of the New York legislature, and was elected to congress as a Whig, serving from 1 Dec, 1851, till 3 March, 1853.— His son, Eben Norton, chemist, b. in Moscow, Livingston co., N. Y., 27 July, 1818, was graduated at the Rensselaer polytechnic institute as a civil engineer in 1838, was engaged on the geological survey of the state of New York under James Hall in 1838-'9, and in 1840 appointed to the professorship of mathematics and natural sciences in the Albany female academy, where he remained for four years, also delivering an annual course of lectures on chemistry at Newark college, Delaware, during this time. In 1844 he went to Germany, where he spent two years studying analytical chemistry and making experimental researches in Liebig's laboratory at Giessen. On his return to the United States early in 1847, he was elected to the Rumford professorship of science applied to the arts, in Harvard. Soon afterward he submitted to Abbott Lawrence a plan for a department of analytical and applied chemistry, which led to the formation of the Lawrence scientific school in Cambridge. After sixteen years of service in the earliest organized and equipped laboratorv for instruction in analytical chemistry in the United States, Prof. Horsford resigned his place to engage in chemical manufactures, and is now (1887) president of the Rumford chemical works in Providence. R. I. The most important of his discoveries relate to the preparation of white bread, and the restoration of the phosphates that are lost with the bran in milling, and the "acid phosphate," a medicinal agent. In recent years, Prof. Horsford has specially interested himself in Wellesley college, providing for the endowment of the library, continuous supplies of apparatus for
