was republished in England and France (1823); a translation of a French work on the freedom of navigation, in the "American Law Journal" of 1829, and many other literary and political discourses. At the time of his death he was preparing a “History of the Territorial Acquisitions of the United States.”—
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Another son, Joseph Reed, lawyer, b. in Philadelphia, Pa., 14 June, 1786; d. there, 20 Feb., 1868, was graduated at Princeton in 1804, studied law with his father, and practised extensively in Philadelphia. In 1835 he was elected to congress as a Whig, and served till 1837, and again from 1843 till 1849. For a time he was chairman of the judiciary committee. He was an advocate for protection and a firm supporter of Henry Clay. One of his best efforts in the house was a defence of Mr. Clay's tariff of 1842. In 1852 he was appointed by President Fillmore minister to England, as successor to Abbott Lawrence, and held this office about one year, when he was succeeded by James Buchanan. He then retired to private life, devoting himself to literary pursuits. The degree of LL. D. was conferred on him by Lafayette and Bowdoin in 1836, and that of D. C. L. by Oxford in 1845. He was a warm adherent of the Union, and at the time of the civil war prepared an able essay entitled “Secession, a Folly and a Crime.” He published a translation from the Latin of Roceus's tracts “De Navibus et Naulo” and “De Assecuratione” (Philadelphia, 1809), and was the author of a “Memoir of Samuel Breck” (1863).—Another son, Edward, wrote poems under the pen-name of Horace for the “Port-folio,” and contributed articles to “Walsh's Gazette.” He was the author of “Digest of the Laws of the United States” (Philadelphia, 1821).—Charles Jared's son, Edward, author, b. in Philadelphia, 2 April, 1817, was graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1835. He has published a work on the “History and Law of Habeas Corpus and Grand Juries” (Philadelphia, 1849); and “Personal Liberty and Martial Law” (1862); and has edited Hale's “Pleas of the Crown,” “Addison on Contracts,” and “Saunders on Uses and Trusts.”
INGERSOLL, Ralph Isaacs, statesman, b. in
New Haven, Conn., 8 Feb., 1788 ; d. there. 26 Aug.,
1872. He was graduated at Yale in 1808, studied
law, was admitted to the bar in 1811, and began to
practise in his native city, where he attained high
rank in his profession. • In 1819 he was chosen a
representative in the legislature on which devolved
the duty of conforming the existing laws to the
new constitution which had taken the place of the
old charter. Mr. Ingersoll was perhaps the most
conspicuous debater on the Democratic side. The
Federal speakers and the press called him " Young
Hotspur, and Theodore Dwight, in his political
lyrics, alluded to hira under that name. For seven
years Mr. Ingersoll continued to represent New
Haven in the lower branch of the legislature, and
in 1825 he was elected at the same time to the
legislature of the state and to congress. He was
re-elected to congress for four consecutive terms,
and served on important committees, but in 1833
he declined a re-election in order to devote himself
to his profession. He was state's attorney for ( On-
necticut for several years, and in 1846 was appoint-
ed by President Polk U. S. minister to Russia.
After holding this post two years, he resigned and
returned to New Haven, where he spent the rest
of his life in retirement. — His brother, Charles
Anthony, jurist, b. in New Haven. Conn., 19
Oct., 1798 : d. there, 12 Jan., 1860, studied law
with his brother and attained eminence. From
1849 till 1853 he was state's attorney, and in the
latter year was appointed by President Pierce
judge of the U. S. district court of Connecticut,
which post he held till his death. Yale gave him
the degree of M. A. in 1827. — Ralph's son, Colin
Macrae, b. in New Haven, Conn., 11 March,
1819, was educated at Trinity and at the Yale law-
school, where he was graduated in 1839. In 1843
he served as clerk in the Connecticut senate. He
was secretary of legation at St. Petersburg in
1847-'8, and was a representative in congress from
1851 till 1855, having been chosen as a Democrat.
He was also adjutant-general of Connecticut in
1867 and 1871. — Another son, Charles Roberts,
governor of Connecticut, b in New Haven, Conn.,
16 Sept., 1821, was graduated at Yale in 1840, and
at the law-school in 1844. He was admitted to
the bar in 1845, and has been frequently elected to
the legislature. He was elected governor of Con-
necticut in 1873, and re-elected till 1877, when he
declined a renomination. He was a presidential
elector on the Democratic ticket in 1876. Yale
gave him the degree of LL. D. in 1874.
INGERSOLL, Robert Green, lawyer, b. in
Dresden, N. Y., 11 Aug., 1833. His father was a
Congregational clergyman of such broad views as
frequently to cause dissension between himself and
his parish. The son's boyhood was spent in Wis-
consin and Illinois, where the family removed in
1843. After studying law he opened an office in
Shawneetown, 111., with his brother Eben, who was
subsequently a member of congress. Both en-
gaged in politics, but the surroundings were un-
congenial, and in 1857 they removed to Peoria. In
1860 Robert was a Democratic candidate for con-
gress, but was defeated. In 1862 he became colo-
nel of the 11th Illinois cavalry, and a year and a
half later united with the Republican party. In
1866 he was appointed attorney-general for Illinois.
At the National Republican convention of 1876 he
proposed the name of James G. Blaine for the
presidential nomination in a speech that attracted
much attention. From that time his services as a
campaign orator have been in demand throughout
the country. In 1877 he refused the post of min-
ister to Germany. He has taken part in numerous
noted lawsuits in all parts of the country, and was
counsel for the so-called star-route conspirators,
whose trial ended in acquittal in 1883. He is well
known by his books, pamphlets, and speeches di-
rected against the Christian religion. He has pub-
lished "The Gods " (Washington, 1878) ; " Ghosts "
(1879); "Some Mistakes of Moses " (1879) ; "Lec-
tures Complete " (1883) ; " Prose Poems and. Selec-
tions" (1884); a large number of minor works,
and introductory chapters for two books, entitled
" Modern Thinkers," compiled by Van Buren Dens-
low (Chicago, 1881) ; and " The Brain and the
Bible," by Edgar C. Beall (Cincinnati, 1882).
INGHAM, Charles Cromwell, artist, b. in Dublin, Ireland, in 1797: d. in New York city, 10 Dec, 1863. He studied in the academy of Dublin, and obtained a prize for his " Death of Cleopatra." He settled in New York in 1817, was one of the
