India, and resigned the same year in consequence of his disapproval of the new Irish policy of the government. He delivered speeches on this sub- ject during this and the two following years, strongly condemning the creation of dual owner- ship of Irish lands, and advocating its complete transfer to the occupying tenants. He took part repeatedly in the house of lords debates, served on several important committees and commissions, and was chairman of the committee on Irish jury laws and of the joint committee on the channel tunnel proposal. On 18 Aug., 1883. he was ap- pointed governor-general of Canada and was sworn in on 23 Oct., 1883. During 1884 the marquis de- voted much of his time to making himself person- ally known in the older provinces of Canada, to becoming acquainted with them, and in 1885 he visited Manitoba, the northwest territories, and British Columbia. In 1884 he was made a knight grand cross of the Order St. Michael and St. George, received the honorary degree of LL. D. the same vear, and the confederation medal in 1885. In 1888 he was appointed governor-general of India. He married, on 8 Nov., 1869, Lady Maud Evelyn Hamilton, youngest daughter of James, Duke of Abercorn, K. G. She is well known for her beautv and scholarlv attainments.
LANSIL, Walter F., artist, b. in Bangor, Me.,
in 184G. He studied art in his native place, and
then settled in Boston, where he has passed his
firofessional life. He effectively represents the
nminous effects of sunrise and sunset. Among
his works are " Crossing the Georges " and an even-
ing " View of Charlestown, with Shipping."
LANSING, Dirck Cornelius, clergyman, b.
in Lansingburg, Rensselaer co., N. Y., 3 March,
1785 ; d. in Walnut Hills, Ohio, 19 March, 1857.
He was graduated at Yale in 1804, became a
Presbyterian clergyman, and was a trustee of Au-
burn seminary from 1820 till 1830, its vice-presi-
dent from 1820 till 1824, and professor of sacred
rhetoric and pastoral theology from 1821 till 1826,
serving without salary and raising large sums for
the seminary. Williams gave him the degree of
D. D. in 1826. He published " Sermons on Im-
portant Subjects" (Auburn, 1825).
LANSING, John, jurist, b. in Albany, N. Y.,
30 Jan., 1754; d. in New York city, 12 Dec, 1829.
He studied law with James Duane in New York,
and in 1776-'7 was the military secretary of Gen.
Philip Schuyler. He was a member from Albany
of the 4th, 5th. 6th, and 7th sessions of the New
York assembly, on 3 Feb., 1784, became a member
of congress under the articles of confederation.
and on 26 Oct. following was reappointed. On 13
Jan., 1786, he was elected speaker of the New York
assembly, and on 28 April he was appointed in
place of John Jay. resigned, on the commission
that met at Hartford. Conn., and made final divis-
ion of the territorial claims of New York and
Massachusetts. On 29 Sept., 1786, he was appointed
by the council of appointment mayor of Albany,
and in the same year was elected a member of the
10th session of the New York assembly. On 26
Jan., 1787, he was again a delegated member of
congress under the confederation. On 6 March,
1787, the New York legislature appointed him,
with Robert Yates and Alexander Hamilton, a
delegate to the Philadelphia convention, which
assembled on 23 May and framed the constitution
of the United States. On 10 July, 1787, he ad-
dressed a letter to Gov. George Clinton, resigning
his membership in the convention on the ground
that the state had not delegated to its representa-
tives power to form a new government, but only to
pass amendments to the articles of confederation.
The resolution under which he acted justified this
view, which was concurred in by Judge Yates,
though Alexander Hamilton elected to remain in
the convention and was active in framing the con-
stitution. Mr. Lansing was a member of the New
York state convention that met at Poughkeepsie
in June, 1788, to ratify the Federal constitution.
He was re-elected speaker of the New York assem-
bly at its 12th session, and by an act of the legis-
lature he was appointed a commissioner oh the
part of the state to settle the controversy with
Vermont. On 28 Sept., 1790, he was appointed a
justice of the supreme court of the state of New
York, and by act of legislature, passed 6 July, 1791,
he was appointed one of the commissioners to de-
termine the claims of the city and county of New
York to lands in Vermont. 'On 15 Feb.", 1798, he
was appointed chief justice of the state supreme
court, succeeding Robert Yates, and on 28 Oct.,
1801, chancellor of the state in place of Robert R.
Livingston, resigned, and held the office until 1814,
when by reason of age he became ineligible, and
was succeeded by James Kent. In 1804 he was
unanimously nominated for governor of New York
by the anti-Federalists, and accepted the nomina-
tion, but subsequently declined. The course that
was pursued by Chancellor Lansing and those in
sympathy with his views, in endeavoring to defeat
the ratification of the Federal constitution, resulted
in the adoption by the 1st U. S. congress of the im-
portant amendments to the constitution that were
passed by that body. Chancellor Lansing ranked
as one of the distinguished lawyers of his time, and
as an upright and able judge. He mysteriously
disappeared, having left his hotel to post a letter
on board the Albany boat at the foot of Cortland
street. New York city. It was supposed that he
was either robbed and murdered or accidentally
drowned. He published " Select Cases in Chancery
and in the Supreme Court in 1824 and 1828."
LANSING, Nicholas, clergyman, b. in Albany,
N. Y.. in 1748: d. in Tappan, N. Y., in 1835. In
early life he was master of an Albany and New
York sailing-vessel, but subsequently studied the-
ology in Albany, and was licensed to preach by a
general meeting of ministers and elders in 1780.
His first charge was the united churches of what
are now Greenbush, Linlithgo, and Taghkanic,
near Albany. He remained there from 1781 till
1784, when he became pastor of Tappan and Clarks-
town, and in 1830 took charge of the Tappan
church alone, preaching there until his death. His
home and church were near the spot on which
Andre was hung during the Revolution. Mr.
Lansing possessed much individuality of charac-
ter, and preached bold and characteristic sermons
in Dutch. Many anecdotes are told of him.
LAPA, José de Almeida Vasconcellos Soveral e Carvallo (lah'-pah), Count of, Portuguese governor, b. in Lapa, Portugal, early in the 18th century; d. in Lisbon in 17^2. He entered the army, reached the rank of general, and in October, 1770, was appointed governor of the province of
Goyaz in Brazil. Lapa is described by his biographer, Balthazar da Silva Lisboa. as honest, intelligent, and enterprising. In 1773 he visited the province, and, being touched by the poverty of the people, began an agricultural undertaking, which was crowned with extraordinary success. In 1774 he undertook the conquest of the Indians in his
territory, which was accomplished in two years. Lapa also brought colonists from Portugal and distributed them through the country. In 1777 he was recalled.
