with his father, and was admitted to the bar in 1860. He was elected to the Maryland legislature in 1867, served till 1872, and was speaker in 1870-'2. In 1860 he was appointed judge-advocate- general, and assisted in reorganizing the Maryland militia under the act of 1868, of which he was the author. In 1875 he was elected mayor of Balti- more, serving three terms till 1881, and in 1883 he was again elected to this office, serving till 1885. During his term of office the supply of water by natural flow from Gunpowder river through a tun- nel of seven miles inland in solid rock was com- gleted. — Benjamin Henry's son, Charles Hazle- urst, civil engineer, b. in Baltimore, 25 Dec, 1833, was educated at the College of St. Mary in that city. He entered the service of the Balti- more and Ohio railroad company, and was also in the Confederate service. After the civil war he returned to Baltimore and adopted bridge-building as his specialty. His most remarkable works of this description, however, were in Peru, about a dozen in all ; among them the Arequipa viaduct, which was 1,300 feet long and 65 feet high, and the Agua de Verrugas bridge, 575 feet long and 263 feet high. This structure was built across one of the deepest gorges in the Andes, and was, when erect- ed, the loftiest structure of its kind in the world. It was framed in the United States, taken apart, and shipped to Peru, where it was erected in ninety days. Latrobe wrote an exhaustive report to the Baltimore authorities upon sewerage, which was reprinted and largely circulated.
LATROBE, Charles Joseph, traveller, b. in
England, 20 March, 1801; d. 4 Dec, 1875. He
travelled in the United States and Mexico in 1832,
and accompanied Irving in his tour, described in the
" Crayon Miscellanv." He was the author of " Visit
to South Africa in 1815-16" (New York, 1818);
" The Alpenstock, or Sketches of Swiss Scenery and
Manners in 1825-'6" (London, 1829; 2d ed., 1839);
" The Pedestrian, or Rambles in the Tyrol in
1830 " (1832) ; " The Rambler in North America in
1832-'3 " (2 vols., New York, 1835 ; London, 1836) ;
and " The Rambler in Mexico " (New York and
London, 1836), which was highly commended by
William H. Prescott and other critics.
LATTA, Alexander Bonner, inventor, b. in
Ross county, Ohio, 11 June, 1821 ; d. in Ludlow,
Ky., 28 April, 1865. At an early age he worked
in a cotton-factory, and subsequently in the navy-
yard in Washington, D. C. After becoming an
expert mechanic he settled in Cincinnati, where he
operated the first iron planing-machine that ever
was used in that city. He became foreman of a ma-
chine-shop, and constructed for the Little Miami
railroad the first locomotive that was built west
of the Alleghany mountains. He invented and
patented a series of improvements in railway ap-
pliances, a few of which he succeeded in intro-
ducing. In 1852 he invented a steam fire-engine,
which he constructed in nine months, and which
was tried on 1 Jan.. 1853. In October, 1853, he con-
structed a second, which contained several improve-
ments and received a gold medal at the Ohio
Mechanics' institute fair in 1854. He continued to
build steam fire-engines until 1862, when he
retired from active business. The boiler of Mr.
Latta's engine was constructed of two square
chambers, one within the other, the space between
which chambers was the steam and water space
of the boiler. The inner chamber, which was the
fire-box, was filled by a series of horizontal layers
of tubes arranged diagonally over each other, but
forming one continuous coil. The water entered
this coil at the lower end and passed upward into
the annular space, where it was evaporated. Upon
arriving at the scene of the fire, the rear of the en-
gine was raised off the ground and supported
by means of screws on the sides of the boiler, and
the hind-wheels, thus clearing the ground, acted as
fly-wheels. In 1863-'5 Mr. Latta introduced the
manufacture of aerated bread into Cincinnati. He
also made improvements in oil-well machinery.
LATTA, James, clergyman, b. in Ireland in
1732; d. in Lancaster county, Pa., 29 Jan., 1801.
At an early age he emigrated to this country with
his parents, who settled near Elkton, Md. He was
graduated at the College of Philadelphia in 1757,
and became tutor there, while he studied theology
with Dr. Francis Alison. He was licensed by the
presbytery of Philadelphia in 1758, ordained in
1759, and appointed to the destitute settlements of
Virginia and Carolina. In 1761 he became pastor
of a church in Deep Run, Bucks co., Pa., but he re-
signed in 1770 to accept the charge of Chestnut
Level, Lancaster co„ Pa. Here he established a
school, which was acquiring celebrity when its
progress was arrested by the Revolution. During
the war he served as soldier and chaplain in the
American army. He published several sermons
and a pamphlet showing that the principal sub-
jects of psalmody should be taken from the gospel.
LATTA, Samuel Arminius, clergyman, b. in
Muskingum county, Ohio, 8 April, 1804; d. in Cin-
cinnati, Ohio, 28 June, 1852. His father removed
to Champaign county, near Urbana, Ohio, where
his house was a resort for pioneer Methodist preach-
ers. The son first studied medicine, was licensed,
and practised for three years, during which time
he read theology. He then became a local preacher
in the Methodist church, and for several years
practised both professions. In 1829 he joined the
Ohio conference, and was appointed to the mission
of St. Clair, Mich. In 1830 he was stationed at
Cincinnati, and in 1831 he was travelling agent for
the American colonization society. In 1837 he was
agent for Augusta college, Ohio, and in 1840 re-
tired from active work in the church, owing to
impaired health. He then removed to Cincinnati,
where he resumed his medical practice. The de-
gree of M. D. was conferred on him by the Medical
college of Ohio in 1846. He was the author of a
small medical work and " The Chain of Sacred
Wonders " (2 vols., Cincinnati, 1851-2).
LATTIMER, Henry, senator, b. in Newport,
Del., 24 April, 1752; d. in Philadelphia, Pa., 19
Dec, 1819. He studied medicine in Philadelphia
and in Edinburgh, and on his return to this coun-
try practised until 1777, when he was appointed,
with Dr. James Tilton, surgeon of the flying hos-
pital. After the war he resumed his practice, but
abandoned it in 1794. He was a member of the
state house of representatives, and was elected to
congress from Delaware, as a Federalist, serving
from 14 Feb., 1794, till 28 Feb., 1795, when he be-
came U. S. senator, in place of George Read, and
served until 3 March, 1801.
LATTIMORE, Samuel Allan, chemist, b. in Union county, Ind., 31 May, 1828. He was graduated at Indiana Asbury (now Depauw) university in 1850, and continued as tutor of languages in that institution for two years, becoming in 1852 professor of Greek. In 1860 he was elected professor of chemistry in Genesee college, and in 1867 was called
to fill a similar chair in the University of Rochester, where he has since remained, and now (1887) is director of the Reynolds laboratory. Prof. Lattimore has also held the offices of chemist to the New York state board of health since 1881, and to the New York state dairy commission since 1886,
