ing on 3 Jan., 1882, James Grant Wilson delivered an address on Gov. Lawrence, at the same time presenting to the society a marble bust by Dun- bar, the gift of his eldest son, Isaac ; and also an unfinished address on " The Life, Character, and Public Services of Albert Gallatin," which had been prepared for the society. Mr. Lawrence pub- lished " Address to the Academy of Pine Arts " (New York, 1825) ; " The History of Louisiana," by Barbe Marbois, translated, with notes (Philadel- phia, 1830); " Bank of the United States" (Boston, 1831); Institutions of the United States "(New York, 1832) ; " Lectures on Political Economy " (1832) ; " Discourses on Political Economy " (1834) ; " Inquiry into the Causes of the Public Distress" (1834); "History of the Negotiations in Reference to the Eastern and Northeastern Boundaries of the United States" (1841); " Biographical Memoir of Albert Gallatin " (1843) ; " The Law of Chari- table Uses" (1845); a new edition of Wheaton's "Elements of International Law," with annota- tions and a notice of the author (1855) ; " Visita- tion and Search " (Boston, 1858) ; " Coinmentaire sur les elements du droit international " (4 vols., Leipsic, 1868-'80) ; " Etude de droit international sur le mariage " (Ghent, 1870) ; " The Treaty of Washington " (Providence, 1871) : " Disabilities of American Women married Abroad" (New York, 1871) ; " The Indirect Claims of the United States under the Treaty of Washington of May 8, 1871, as submitted to the Tribunal of Arbitration at Geneva" (Providence, 1872); "Belligerent and Sovereign Rights as regards Neutrals during the War of Secession" (Boston, 1873); "Administra- tion of Equity Jurisprudence " (1874) ; and " Etudes sur la juridiction consulaire et sur l'extradition " (Leipsic, 1880). — His son, Albert Gallatin, sol- dier, b. in New York city in 1834 ; d. there, 1 Jan., 1887, received his early education at the Anglo- American academy, Vevay, Switzerland, entered Harvard on his return, and was graduated in 1850. He then studied in the law-school at Harvard, and, after graduation in 1858, entered the office of a New York attorney, but soon afterward went to Vienna as an attache of the U. S. legation. When the civil war began he returned, joined the volun- teer army, was commissioned as lieutenant in the 54th New York infantry, and served through the Maryland and Virginia campaigns. In 1804 he was made a captain in the 2d U. S. colored cavalry. He was brevetted lieutenant-colonel for bravery at Fort Fisher, where, in leading the forlorn hope, he lost his right arm, and on 25 March, 1805, was given the brevet of brigadier-general. He was appointed minister to Costa Rica on 2 Oct., 1800, but was recalled in 1808 in consequence of a duel that he fought with a Prussian attache who had disparaged the United States. He subsequently served as a commissioner to investigate the griev- ances of Sitting Bull and his tribe and other dif- ficulties with the Indians.
LAWRIE, Alexander, artist, b. in New York
city in 1828. He studied in the National academy
of design and the Pennsylvania academy of fine
arts, and subsequently went to Europe, where he
became a pupil of Leutze at Diisseldorf, and of
Picot at Paris. His professional life has been
passed chiefly in New York. Mr. Lawrie was
elected a member of the National academy in 1800,
and is also a member of the Artists' fund societies
of New York and Philadelphia. He has made up-
ward of a thousand crayon heads, including like-
nesses of Richard H. Stoddard and Thomas Bu-
chanan Read. One of his best oil portraits is the
likeness of Judge Sutherland, painted for the New
York bar association. Among his best landscapes
are " A Valley in the Adirondacks," and " Autumn
in the Hudson Highlands " (1800).
LAWSON, Alexander, engraver, b. in Raven-
struthers, Lanarkshire, Scotland, 19 Dec, 1772; d.
in Philadelphia, 22 Aug., 1840. He was left an
orphan at fifteen years of age, and in 1792 came
to this country, settling in Philadelphia, where he
became an engraver. His first important works
were four plates for Thomson's "Seasons," exe-
cuted for Thomas Dobson, bookseller, which at-
tracted much favorable notice. In 1798 Mr. Law-
son formed a friendship with Alexander Wilson,
for whose work on ornithology he engraved the best
plates, and he. contributed to the continuation of
this work by Charles Lucien Bonaparte. He also
engraved plates for a work on quadrupeds by
George Ord, and a work on conchology by Prof.
Samuel S. Haldeman. His works are numerous,
and include plates for annuals, maps, charts, and
illustrations of works on chemistry, botany, and
mineralogy. — His son, Oscar A., engraver, b. in
Philadelphia, 7 Aug., 1813; d. there Sept., 1854,
entered the office of the U. S. coast-survey, at
Washington, D. C, and remained there till 1851,
when ill health compelled him to return to Phila-
delphia. His engravings, chiefly book-plates, were
executed with taste and ability. — His daughter,
Mary Lockhart, poet, b. in Philadelphia, pub-
lished poems in the " Knickerbocker " and " Gra-
ham's Magazine " that were characterized by ten-
der feeling and pleasing fancy. She occasionally
wrote in the Scottish dialect.
LAWSON, George, Canadian educator, b. in
Maryton, Forfarshire, Scotland, in 1827. He studied
law for some time in Dundee, but devoted most of
his time to natural history and zoology. After re-
moving to Edinburgh he was elected, in the spring
of 1849, assistant secretary and curator to the
Botanical society, and was also chosen a fellow
and subsequently assistant secretary of the Royal
physical society. He aided in establishing the
Scottish arboricultural society in 1854, in 1855 be-
gan a class in practical histology, and in 1851 gave a
course of lectures on botany in Church college.
In 1858 he was elected professor of chemistry and
natural history in Queen's college, Kingston, Ont.,
and subsequently became a professor in Dalhou-
sie college, Halifax, N. S., where he now is (1887).
Besides numerous other writings he has published
a volume on " Water-Lilies " (Edinburgh, 1850).
LAWSON, James, author, b. in Glasgow, Scotland. 9 Nov., 1799 ; d. in Yonkers, N. Y., 20 March, 1880. He was educated at Glasgow university, came to the United States in 1815, and entered the counting-house of a maternal uncle at New York. On the failure in 1820 of a mercantile house in which Mr. Lawson had become a partner, he turned his attention to literature, wrote for the New York "Literary Gazette," and was associate editor of the "Morning Courier " in 1827-9, and of the " Mercantile Advertiser" in 1829-33. He afterward pursued the business of marine insurance in New York. Mr. Lawson was the intimate friend of Ed-
win Forrest and William Gilmore Simms. He published " Tales and Sketches by a Cosmopolite ' (New York, 1830); "Poems" (1857); "Giordano," a tragedy that was first performed at the Park theatre in November, 1828 ; and contributed many
criticisms, essays, tales, and verses to periodicals.
See Wilson's " Poets and Poetry of Scotland" (2 vols., New York, 1870).
LAWSON, John, historian, b. in Scotland ; d. on the river Neuse, N. C, in 1712. He came to this country as surveyor-general of North Carolina, and
