London agency to facilitate the importation of Eu- ropean literature into the United States. For many years he was a director of the Reading rail- road, the Philadelphia savings-bank, the Union league club, and the Academy of fine arts, and a trustee of the University of Pennsylvania.
LIPPINCOTT, Sara Jane (Clarke), author,
b. in Pompey, Onondaga co., N. Y., 23 Sept.. 1823.
Much of her childhood was passed in Rochester,
N. Y., but in 1842 she removed with her father to
New Brighton, Pa., and in 1853 married Leander
K. Lippincott, of Philadelphia. She published
occasional verses at an early age under her own
name, and in 1844 her first prose publications
appeared in the "New York Mirror" under the pen-
name of '• Grace Greenwood," which she has since
retained. For several years she edited the " Little
Pilgrim," a juvenile monthly magazine in Phila-
delphia. She is also the author of several addresses
and lectures, and has been largely connected with
periodical literature as editor and contributor.
" Ariadne " is her best known poem. Her other
works include " Greenwood Leaves " (Boston, 1850) ;
" History of My Pets " (1850) : " Poems " (1851) ;
" Recollections of My Childhood " (1851) ; " Haps
and Mishaps of a Tour in Europe " (1854) ; " Mer-
rie England " (1855) ; " Forest Tragedy and Other
Tales " (1856) ; " Stories and Legends of Travel "
(1858); "History for Children" (1858): "Stories
from Famous Ballads " (1860) ; " Stories of Many
Lands " (1867) ; " Stories and Sights in France and
Italy" (1868); "Records of Five Years" (1868);
and "New Life in New Lands" (1873).
LIPPINCOTT, William Henry, artist, b. in
Philadelphia, Pa., 6 Dec, 1849. He was educated
at the Friends' school, Philadelphia, and was for
six years a scene-painter in Philadelphia theatres.
He then went to Paris and studied under Bonnat
from 1874 till 1884, devoting himself to portraits
and studies of child-life. He is an associate of
the National academy of design, and a member of
the Water -color society anil of the Salmagundi
club. He exhibited "Lolette" and two portraits
at the Paris salon of 1878, and "The Duck's
Breast " at the Centennial exhibition in Philadel-
Ehia in 1876. His other works include "The
little Prince," various portraits, "Infantry in
Arms" (1887), and numerous etchings.
LIPPITT, Christopher, soldier, b. in Cranston, R. I., in 1744; d. there, 18 June, 1824. He
occupied early in life many civil and military
offices, was an ardent patriot, and in September,
1776, was commissioned colonel in the Continental
army. He participated in the battles of White
Plains, Trenton, and Princeton, was made briga-
dier-general of the Rhode Island militia, and
served in the battle of Rhode Island. He subse-
quently sat in the Rhode Island legislature.
LIPSCOMB, Abner Smith, jurist, b. near
Abbeville, S. C, 10 Feb., 1789; d. near Austin,
Tex., 3 Dec, 1857. His father, Joel, emigrated
from Virginia and was an officer of the Revolu-
tion. The son studied law with John C. Calhoun,
who shaped the political opinions that he had
throughout his life. He was admitted to the bar
in 1811, the same year settled in St. Stephens, Ala.,
and served as captain of a volunteer expedition
against the Indians in the war of 1812. For
several years he was a member of the legislature,
became judge of the supreme court in 1819, and in
1823-'35 was chief justice of Alabama. He re-
moved to Texas in 1839, was secretary of state
under President Lamar, and a member of the State
constitutional convention in 1845, offering the reso-
lutions of acceptance of the terms of annexation
that were proposed by the United States. He was
appointed an associate justice of the supreme
court in 184(5, and held office till his death. His
opinions are published in Minor's. Stewart "s. and
Stewart and Porter's reports, and in the first
seventeen volumes of Texas law reports.
LIPSCOMB, Andrew Adgate, educator, b. in
Georgetown, D. C, 6 Sept., 1816; d. in Athens,
G»i., 24 Nov., 1890. He was educated in a cla.-sieal
seminary. At nineteen years of age he entered
the ministry of the Methodist Episcopal church,
was pastor successively in Baltimore, Md.. Alex-
andria, Va., and Washington, I), ft, and removed
in 1842 to Montgomery. Ala. A few years after-
ward he was elected president of the Alabama
conference, but. failure of health necessitating his
retirement from the active ministry, he engaged in
teaching, and established the Metropolitan insti-
tution for the education of young women. Mont-
gomery. Ala. lie was subsequently president of
the female college at TusKegee, Ala., and in
1860-'74 was chancellor of the University of
Georgia. He then became professor of philoso-
phy and criticism in Vanderbilt university, and
afterward professor emeritus. The University of
Alabama gave him the degree of D. D.. and
Emory college. Oxford, Ga.. that of LL. D. For
many years he contributed to the literary and re-
ligious reviews, and published, besides numerous
tracts and pamphlets, "Studies in the Forty
Davs " (Nashville, 1885) ; and " Supplementary
Studies " to the above (1886).
LIRA, Maximo Rafael (lee'-rah), Chilian pub-
licist, b. in Santiago in 1845. Early in life he
began to contribute to political and literary
periodicals, and in 1871 he became editor of the
" Independiente " of Santiago. In 1873 he was
elected deputy to congress, where he has since
served. He was elected secretary of the council of
state in 1874, and next vear appointed secretary of
the Chilian legation in Buenos Ayres. During the
Bolivia-Peruvian war in 1879-'81 he served as
secretary of the Chilian commander-in-chief, Gen.
Baquedano. He was appointed assistant secretary
of the interior in 1883. but resigned in 1885 to be-
come editor-in-chief of the dailv paper " Los De-
bates," the organ of the Liberal party, which post
he still (1887) holds. He is considered the first
parliamentary orator, and one of the principal
journalists of his country. He has published
" Los Jesuitas y sus detractores " (Santiago, 1870) ;
"La Comunay sus ensefianzas" (1871); and
" Magdalena," a novel (1872).
LISBOA, Joao Francisco (lis-bo'-ah), Brazilian journalist, b. in Maranhao. 12 May, 1812; d. in Lisbon, Portugal, 26 April, 1863. His parents were country people, and young Joilo spent his boyhood on their farm, reaching the age of seventeen before he was able to read and write. In 1829 he had made enough money to enter the college in the capital of his province, and in two years he began to contribute to the local newspapers. He published the paper "O Brasileiro" in 1832 and the "Pharol" and the "Echo do Norte" in 1833, all of which were in existence till 1836. In 1838-'41 he published the "Chronica." From 1835
until 1848 he was chief clerk to the secretary of the government of the province of Rio Janeiro. He took an active interest in politics, and in 1840 was an unsuccessful candidate for congress. In 1848 he retired to private life, giving his time to study, and in 1855 Pedro II. sent Lisboa to Portufal to obtain data for completing the history of Brazil. After collecting all the necessary information he began the work, but died without finishing
