his inefficient Indian policy, fed the popular discontent. Upon compulsion of the rebels, Gov. Berkeley in July dismantled the obnoxious forts, dissolved the assembly, and issued writs for a new election. When he failed to carry out his promises, Bacon returned at the head of 500 men and compelled Berkeley to issue the promised commission. He then prosecuted the operations against the Indians with vigor; but, being again proclaimed a rebel, he issued a counter-manifesto, 6 Aug., and, marching upon Williamsburg, drove the governor across the bay to Accomac. In September he again routed the governor's forces and burned Jamestown, while Gov. Berkeley was obliged to take refuge on board an English ship. A number of women, wives of the governor's adherents, were seized and held as hostages by the rebels. Bacon died before carrying out his plans for attacking the governor at Accomac, and Ingram, who succeeded in the command of the colonial forces, was won over by the governor, and, after the execution of a number of Bacon's principal adherents, the rebellion was extinguished. His career furnished the subject for a novel by William Carruthers, of Virginia. See Force's "Tracts Relating to the Origin, Settlement, and Progress of the Colonies"; also Sparks's "American Biography."
BACON, Samuel, clergyman, b. in Sturbridge, Mass., 23 July, 1781; d. in Kent, Cape Shilling, Africa, 8 May, 1820. He was graduated at Harvard in 1808, and then studied law, which he subsequently practised in Pennsylvania. For a time he edited the "Worcester Ægis" and later the Lancaster, Pa., "Hive." and then was ordained in the Protestant Episcopal ministry. In 1819 he was appointed by the U. S. government one of three agents to colonize Africa with negroes, under the auspices of the American colonization society. The expedition sailed for Sierra Leone, reaching that port on 9 March, 1820, and a settlement was made at Campelar, on the Sherboro river. Here his two associates died, and he in declining health was removed to Kent, where his last days were spent. See "Memoirs of Rev. Samuel Bacon," by Jehudi Ashmun (1822).
BACON, William Thompson, clergyman, b. in Woodbury, Conn., 24 Aug., 1814; d. in Derby, Conn., 18 May, 1881. He was graduated at Yale
in 1837, delivering the valedictory poem. Then he
studied at the Yale divinity school, and from 1842
to 1845 was pastor of the Congregational church
in Trumbull, Conn. For some time he was one of
the editors of the " New Englander," and during
several years editor and proprietor of the " Journal
and Courier," of New Haven. He then resumed
his ministerial labors, and was in charge of parishes
in Kent and in Derby, Conn. Two volumes of
poems written by him were published in Cambridge, the first in 1837 and the second in 1848.
BADEAU, Adam, author, b. in New York city, 29 Dec, 1831; d. in Ridgewood, N. J., 20 March, 1895. His education was received at a boarding-school in Tarrytown, N. Y. He volunteered in the military service of the United States in 1802, and was appointed aide on the staff of Brig.-Gen. Thomas W. Sherman. In that capacity he served in Louisiana until 27 May, 1863, when he was severely wounded, almost at the same time with his commanding officer, in leading an assault on the confederate works at Port Hudson. In March, 1864, he was appointed military secretary to Gen. Grant, with the rank, first of lieutenant-colonel and afterward of colonel.
On this duty he accompanied the general in the Wilderness and Appomattox campaigns, and remained on his staff until March, 1869, when he was
retired from the army with the full rank of captain and the brevet rank of brigadier-general, 17.
S. A. He also received a similar brevet in the volunteer service. From May to December, 1869, he
was secretary of legation at London. During 1870
he was sent to Madrid as a bearer of government
despatches, and in May returned to London as consul-general, retaining that office until September,
1881. In 1877 and 1878 he was given leave of absence by the state department to accompany Gen. Grant on his tour round the world. He was consul-general at Havana from May, 1882, until April,
1884, and then resigned because he was not permitted by the state department to substantiate charges
of corruption of which he accused its administration. He had been appointed U. S. minister to Brussels in 1875, and to Copenhagen in 1881, but declined both appointments. He published "The Vagabond," a collection of essays (New York. 1859); "Military History of Ulysses S. Grant " (3 vols., 1867-'81); "Conspiracy: a Cuban Romance" (1885); "Aristocracy in England" (1886); and "Grant in Peace" (1886).
BADGER, George Edmund, statesman, b. in Newbern, N. C., 13 April, 1795; d. in Raleigh, N. C., 11 May, 1866. He was graduated at Yale
in 1813, and studied law in Raleigh. In 1816 he was elected to the state legislature, and devoted the next four years of his life to law and legislation. From 1820 to 1825 he was judge of the North Carolina superior court at Raleigh. In 1840 he was a prominent advocate of the election of Gen. Harrison to the presidency, and in March, 1841, was appointed secretary of the navy. On the
death of President Harrison, and the separation of Mr. Tyler from the whig party, Mr. Badger resigned, giving the veto of President Tyler on the second bank bill as his reason. The whigs of North Carolina returned him at the first opportunity to the senate. He was elected to fill a vacancy in 1846, and in 1848 reelected for a full term.
In 1853 President Fillmore nominated him as a
judge of the U. S. supreme court, but the senate
refused to confirm the nomination. At the expiration of his senatorial term he retired from public life and devoted himself wholly to his profession. In February, 1861, when the proposition to
hold a convention for the purpose of seceding from
the union was submitted to the people of his state,
he consented to serve as a union candidate if the
convention should be called. The proposition was
defeated by the people ; but when, in May, 1861,
the convention was finally called, he served in it
as a representative from Wake co. He spoke ably
in defence of the union, and after the ordinance of
secession was passed was known as a member of
the conservative party. Mr. Badger was a vigorous speaker, but wrote little. He excelled in debate and was a man of profound research.
BADGER, Joseph, soldier, b. in Haverhill, Mass., 11 Jan, 1722; d. 4 April, 1803. He held
several civil and military offices in his native place, but removed to Oilman ton, N. H., in 1763. He became a colonel in the revolutionary army in 1771, and was mustering officer of troops in his part of the state, and a member of the provincial congress. He was appointed brigadier-general in 1780, was judge of probate from 1784 to 1797, and in 1788 was a member of the convention that adopted the federal constitution. In 1784 and 1790-'1 he was a member of the state council. He was one of the founders of Gilmanton academy.
BADGER, Joseph, missionary, b. in Wilbrahain, Mass., 28 Feb., 1757; d. in Perrysburg, Ohio, 5 May, 1846. His early education was obtained
