hemiah came to New England in 1638, and settled as a ship-builder first in C'harlestown and afterward in Dorchester, Mass. He became a freeman of Boston, 3 June, 1641, and in the same year finished the "Trial," the first vessel built there. In 1644-'5 he was a major in the parliamentary army, but returned to this country in June, 1645, and on 12 Aug. was appointed sergeant-major of the Suffolk regiment. He returned to England in December, 1646, and commanded the "Speaker," a ship of the second rate. In September, 1651, he carried to London the Scottish records and regalia taken in Stirling castle, and for his services was given a gold medal valued at £60. In May, 1652, he was captain of the "Andrew" and senior officer of the Downs, and commanded the division in the fleet that had so important a share in the battle of 19 May, 1652, with the Dutch. Without knowledge of the battle the council had already made Bourne a rear admiral, and he commanded in the third post in the battle of 28 Sept., when his ship was "very much maimed." He was appointed, in the latter part of 1B52, to superintend the equipment and manning of fleets, and continued in this office until the end of the protectorate. After the restoration he received a pass permitting him "to transport himself and family into any of the plantations," and passed several years in exile.
BOURNE, Richard, missionary, b. in England;
d. in Sandwich, Mass., in 1682. He was one of the
first settlers at Sandwich, and, as there was no
minister there, took charge of the religious services
until the settlement of the Rev. Mr. Smith. Bourne
then resolved to devote himself to the conversion
of the Indians, and went to Marshpee as early as
1658, where he is spoken of as assisting in the settlement of a boundary between the property of the
Indians and that of the settlers at Barnstable. He
acquired a knowledge of the Indian tongue, and
on 17 Aug., 1670, was ordained pastor of an Indian
church at Marshpee, consisting of his converts, the
ceremony being performed by the celebrated "apostle to the Indians," John Eliot. In 1660 he obtained at his own expense a deed securing to those
under his charge the possession of Marshpee. His son Shearjashub, his grandson Ezra, and his great-grandson Joseph, had charge after him of the settlement at Marshpee.—His great-great-grandson, Benjamin, jurist, b. in Bristol, R. I., 9 Sept., 1755*; d. 17 Sept., 1808, was graduated at Harvard in 1775, studied law, and practised in Providence, R. I., where he filled several public offices. He was quartermaster of the 2d Rhode Island
regiment in 1776, and in 1789 was a member of a committee sent to the continental congress with a petition from Rhode Island. He was often a
member of the state legislature, and was elected
the first representative to congress from Rhode
Island after the adoption of the constitution. He
was re-elected three times successively, serving from
17 Dec, 1790, till 1796, when he resigned. In 1801
he was appointed judge of the U. S. district court
in Rhode Island.
BOUSSINOAULT, Jean Baptiste Joseph Dieudonne, French chemist, b. in Paris, 2 Feb.. 1802. He was educated in the school of mines at St. Etienne, and sent by an English company to work mines in South America. In the Colombian war for independence he joined the patriot army and attained the rank of colonel under Bolivar.
He explored the region between Carthagena and
the mouths of the Orinoco, as well as other parts
of Venezuela, Pei'u, and Ecuador, and after returning to France became professor of chemistry and published important works on rural economy
and agricultural chemistry, containing the results of experiments on the value of manures and on fattening cattle.
BOUTELLE, De Witt Clinton, artist, b. in
Troy, N. Y., 6 April, 1820; d. 5 Nov., 1884. Although a self-taught artist, he came early under the infiuence of Cole and Durand. His first picture, painted in 1839, was sold for $5. After painting in New York and Philadelphia he removed his studio to Bethlehem, Pa., where he lived for many years. Among his works are "Trout Brook Shower" (1851); "Morning in the Valley of the Batterkill," which has been engraved; "Niagara," "Terrapin Tower, Niagara"; and a life-size portrait of Asa Packer, presented by his sons to Lehigh university. He was elected an associate of the national academy in 1853, and member of the Pennsylvania academy in 1862, but seldom exhibited in public. He was a close student of nature, and a
hard and conscientious worker.
BOUTON, Nathaniel, clergyman, b. in Nor-
walk, Conn., 29 June, 1797; d. in Concord, N. H., 6 June, 1878. He was graduated at Yale in 1821, and at Andover theological seminary in 1824. On
May 23. 1825, he was ordained pastor of the 1st Congregational church in Concord, N. H. He was president of the New Hampshire historical society
from 1842 till 1844, trustee of Dartmouth college from 1840 till 1877, secretary of the board of trustees from 1845 till 1873, and president of the New Hampshire missionary society from 1852 till 1858. He also served as vice-president of the American home missionary society and director of the New Hampshire Bible society, and was a corporate member of the New England historical and genealogical society, and of the Maine, the Wisconsin, and the Pennsylvania historical societies. In 1867 he
gave up his pastorate and became editor of the
provincial records of the state of New Hampshire,
receiving the honorary appointment of state historian. Besides numerous sermons, addresses, and articles in periodicals, he published "Help to
Prayer " (1832); "Sinners Directed," abridged from Baxter (1832); "History of Education in New Hampshire," a discourse (12 June, 1833); "Memoir
of Mrs. Elizabeth Macfarland" (1839); "The Fathers of the New Hampshire Ministry," a discourse (22 Aug., 1848); "Historical Discourse on the 200th
Anniversary of the Settlement of Norwalk, Conn." (9 July, 1851); "History of Concord, N. H." (1856); "Collections of New Hampshire Historical Society," vols. vii. and viii. (1850-'6); an annotated edition of Rev. Thomas Symmes's "Account of Capt. John Lovewell's Great Fight with the Indians
at Pequawket, May 8, 1725" (1861); "Discourse Commemorative of a Forty Years' Ministry " (Concord, 23 March, 1865); and ten volumes of the
"Provincial Records."—His son, John Bell, author, b. in Concord, N. H., 15 March, 1830. After he was graduated at Dartmouth in 1849 he studied
law and became editor of the Cleveland "Plain-Dealer" in 1851. He removed to New York city in 1857, and became one of the editors of the "Journal of Commerce." He has published "Loved and Lost," a series of essays (1857); "Round the Block," a novel (1864); "Treasury of Travel and Adventure" (1865); "Memoir of General Bell" (1865); and "Roundabout to Moscow " (1887).
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BOUTWELL, George Sewall, statesman, b. in Brookline, Mass., 28 Jan., 1818. His early life was spent on his father's farm until, in 1835, he became a merchant's clerk in Groton, Mass. He was afterward admitted to partnership, and remained in business there until 1855. In 1836 he began by himself to study law, and was admitted to the bar,
