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war he practised medicine in Jenkintown. but soon was elected to the chair of chemistry and natural science in Franklin-Marshall college, Lancaster, Pa. Later he became professor of natural history in Girard college, Philadelphia, where he continued until his death. He was early a member of the academy of natural sciences, and an active partici- pator in its work. Possessed of considerable me- chanical skill, he constructed scientific instruments, and also devised several processes that have since become of commercial value.

BUDINGTON, William Ives, clergyman, b. in New Haven, Conn., 25 April, 1815 ; d. in Brooklyn, N. Y., 29 Nov., 1879. He was graduated at Yale in 1834, and studied theology in New Haven and at Andover, where he was graduated in 1839. La AprU, 1840, he was installed as pastor of the First church in Charlestown, Mass., and remained there until 1854, when he removed to Philadelphia. He intended to enter upon a pastorate there, but changed his plans in consequence of the death of his wife. In December of the same year he accept- ed a call to the Clinton Avenue Congregational church in Brooklyn. The church flourished under his charge, and he became a leader in the denomi- nation. In maintaining orthodoxy and resisting innovations, he was supported by his congrega- tion. His death was caused by a cancer, from which he suifered for two years. Dr. Budington's publications were the " History of the First Church of Charlestown " (1845) ; a sermon on " Patriotism and the Pulpit," delivered at the anniversary of the American educational society of Boston in 1861 : an address on " The Relations of Science to Religion," delivered at Yale college in 1871 : and "Responsive Worship" (New York, 1874).

BUEL, Jesse, agriculturist, b. in Coventry, Conn., 4 Jan., 1778 ; d. in Danbury, Conn., G Oct., 1839. He was originally a printer. He began the Troy "Budget" in 1797, and the Poughkeepsie " Guardian " in 1801, failed, and removed to Kings- ton, N. Y., where he edited the " Plebeian," re- moved to Albany in 1813, and established the " Argus," which he edited until 1821, when he re- tired to a farm on an elevated and sandy tract near Albany, which was unproductive luider the prevailing system of cultivation, but which lie made one of the best farms in the state by deeper tillage and the application of fertilizers. Pie was in 1823 a member of the state assembly, for many years a judge, whig candidate for governor in 183(i, and at the time of his death a regent of the state university. In 1834 he established the " Culti- vator," which exerted great influence among agri- culturists, and was the means of effecting many improvements in husbandry. He delivered numer- ous addresses and published the " Farmer's In- structor," in ten volumes, and the " Farmer's Com- panion, or Essays on the Principles and Practice of American Husbandry " (New York, 1839).

BUEL, Richard Hooker, engineer, b. in Cum- berland. Md., 9 Nov.. 1842. He was graduated at Rensselaer polytechnic institute, Troy, N. Y.. in 1862, was an engineer officer in the U. S. navy in 1862-'7, and in 1870 assistant civil engineer in the Tehuantepec canal survey. Mr. Buel has pub- lished -'The Cadet Engineer" (Philadelphia, 1875); " Safety- Valves " (New York, 1878) ; additions to Weisbach's " Mechanics of Engineering" on heat, steam, and steam-engines (1878) ; and " The Com- pound Steam-Engine and its Steam-Generating Plant " (1884).

BUELL, Abel, mechanic, b. in Killingworth, Conn., about 1750; d. in New Haven about 1825. His youth was spent as an apprentice to a gold- and silver-smith, and his skill in engraving led him, before he became of age, to alter ingeniously a colonial note. This act was detected and pun- ished. The first lapidary machine is believed to have been constructed by him. Later he estab- lished a type-foundry, and, unaided, completed several fonts of long-primer type. He then re- moved to New Haven, and was employed by Ber- nard Romano in the construction of a map of North America. For this purpose he surveyed the coast about Pensacola. and afterward eugraved the map that was published during the revolutionary war. In consideration of his various services to the public he was restored to his civil rights by the legislature. Subsequent to the war he was em- ployed by the state in coining, for which he de- vised all of his own apparatus. He then visited England, where he acquired some knowledge of the machinery used in the manufacture of cloth, and on his return erected a cotton-factory in New Haven, one of the first in the United States.

BUELL, Don Carlos, soldier, b. on the site of Lowell, Ohio, 23 March, 1818 ; d. near Rockport, Ky., 19 Nov., 1898. He was graduated at the U. S. military acad- emy, entered the army, be- camefirst lieu- tenant, and won the bre- vet of captain at Monterey, and of major at Contreras and Churu- busco, where he was severe- ly wounded. He served as assistant adjutant-general at Washington in 1848-

'9, and at

the headquarters of various departments till 1861. was made a lieutenant-colonel on the staff, 11 May, 1861, and appointed brigadier-general of volunteers, 17 May, 1861. After assisting in or- ganizing the army at Washington, he was assigned in August to a division of the Army of the Po- tomac, which became distinguished for its dis- cipline. In November he superseded Gen. W. T. Sherman in tlie department of the Cumberland, which was reorganized as that of the Ohio. The campaign in Kentucky was begun by an attack upon his pickets at Rowlett station, near Mun- fordsville, on 17 Dec. On 14 Feb., 1862, Gen. Buell occupied Bowling Green. On the 23d. with a small force he took possession of Gallatin, Tenn., and on the 25th his troops entered Nashville, sup- ported by gunboats. He was promoted major-gen- eral of volunteers on 21 March, 1862. and on the same day his district was incorporated with that of the Mississippi, commanded by Gen. Halleck. He arrived with a part of a division on the battle- field of Shiloh, near the close of the first day's action, 6 April. Three of his divisions came up the next day, and the confederates were driven to their intrenchments at Corinth. On 12 June he took command of the district of Ohio. In July and August Bragg's army advanced into Kentucky, capturing several of Buell's posts, compelling the