a member of the legislative council of Lower Cana- da, and was speaker of this body from 1843 till 1847, and subsequently from 1848 till 1853. In 1841 he began a correspondence with Mr. Draper, then leading the government of Canada, the object being to bring French Canadians into the cabinet. But this project failed, principally through the opposition of M. Lafontaine, who was then re- garded as the real chief of the French Canadians. In 1848 he became a member of the Lafontaine- Baldwin administration, and, on becoming judge of the court of queen's bench in 1853, he abandoned political life. On receiving the appointment of commissioner for codifying the laws of Lower Canada in 1857, he temporarily vacated his office of judge, but returned to his judicial duties as soon as his work as a commissioner was completed. In February, 1873, having been appointed lieutenant- governor of the province of Quebec, he entered on the duties of that office, which he retained until his death.— His son. Sir Adolphe (Joseph Puillippe Rene Auolpue), Canadian statesman, b. in Quebec in 1843. He was educated at the Quebec seminary, and at Laval and McGill colleges, Montreal, being graduated B. C. L. at McGill in 1865. He was called to the bar of Lower Canada the same year, and appointed queen's counsel in 1879. He entered parliament as a conservative in 1873, was sworn of the privy council, entered tlie cabinet of Sir John Macdonald as minister of militia, 9 Nov., 1880, and knighted for his services in this capacity during the northwest rebellion of 1885. Sii' Adolphe is a director of the Stadacona bank of Quebec, of the Anticosti company, and of the Coldbrooke rolling- mills company.
CARPENDER, Edward William, naval officer, b. in Brooklyn. N. Y., 28 Jan., 1797; d. in Shrewsbury, N. J., IG May, 1877. He was appointed midshipman from New York in the U. S. navy on
10 July, 1813, and in 1825 received his commission
as lieutenant. He served in the Mediterranean
squadron in 1827, on the sloop " Falmouth " in the
West India squadron in 1829-'30, at the rendezvous
in Boston in 1833-'4, and on the frigate " Constitu-
tion " in the Pacific squadron in 1840. He received
his commission as commander in 1841, and was
stationed at the Norfolk navy-yard in 1845, and at
the New York navy-yard in 1852. He was placed
on the reserved list in 1855, and became commodore
in 18G2. During 1864r-'5 he was prize commissioner
at Key West, Florida, subsequent to which he re-
tired to Shrewsbury, N. J., where he spent the last
years of his life.
CARPENTER, Benjamin, patriot, b. in Reho-
both, Mass., in 1726; d. in Guilford, Vt., 29 March,
1823. He was one of the founders of the town of
Guilford in 1770, and served during the revolution-
ary war as a field officer. Later he was a member
of the first constitutional convention of Vermont,
and also a member of the council. In 1778 he was
elected lieutenant-governor of the state, and after-
ward became one of the council of censors.
CARPENTER, Charles Ketchum, farmer, b.
in Ilornellsville, N. Y., 23 Jan., 1820 ; d. in Orion.
Mich., 19 Aug., 1884. He settled in Michigan in
1837. In 1858 he was elected to the lower branch
of the legislature, and during the civil war he was
an active Union man, had charge of the funds raised
in his district, and contributed to the expenses of
the war. In 1874 he was nominated as governor
by the prohibition party in Michigan, and in 1876
was again nominated for the same office on the fii'st
greenback ticket. He was prominent in the devel-
opment of raih'oad and insurance interests in his
portion of the state. Mr. Carpenter was the author
of a series of articles on practical farm life and ex-
perience, which were published in the Detroit " Free
Press " over the signature of " An Oakland County
Farmer." — His son, Rolla Clarton, civil engineer,
b. in Orion, Mich., 26 June, 1852. He was graduated at the Michigan agricultural college as
B. S. in 1873, and at the University of Michigan as
C. E. in 1875. After a short experience in pro-
fessional work, he accepted, in 1875, the chair of
mathematics and civil engineering at the agricul-
tural college. Prof. Carpenter is a member of sev-
eral scientific societies, and in 1880 became secre-
tary of the Michigan engineering society, whose
annual reports he has~ edited for several years
(1881-'3). He has also written a series of articles
on drainage for the " Drainage Magazine " (1884-'6),
and has contributed papers on " Tile-Making " to
the " Michigan Grange Visitor " (1884). He has in-
vented a successful furnace for steam boilers, which
produces but little smoke, and yields excellent re-
sults ; a level for drainage purposes, which is now
extensively used ; and has designed a numl)er of
tools for iron- working. — Another son, Louis George, mathematician, b. in Orion, Mich., 28
March, 1861, was graduated at Michigan agricul-
tural college in 1879, and since has followed post-
graduate courses at the University of Michigan
and at the Johns Hopkins university, receiving the
M. S. degree in 1883 at the agricultural college.
In 1881 he was made instructor of mathematics at
Michigan agricultural college. Prof. Carpenter is
a member of the British and of the American asso-
ciations for the advancement of science, and also
of the Michigan engineering societv.
CARPENTER, Daniel, police inspector, b. in
New York city about 1815 ; d. in New York city,
15 Nov., 1866. He joined the municipal police of
New Y'ork in 1847, and was appointed captain and
assigned to the 5th ward, which soon became noted,
under his management, for order and quiet. His
services were retained on the organization of the
Metropolitan police district in 1857, and he became
deputy superintendent. Through his exertions the
force was rapidly organized, and has attained a
high state of efficiency. For several months dur-
ing 1859 he was acting general superintendent,
subsequent to the resignation of Frederick A. Tall-
madge. In 1860, on the abolition of the deputy
superintendentship, he became senior inspector,
and continued as such until his death. During
the "draft riots" in New York in July, 1863, Supt.
John A. Kennedy having been injured, the com-
mand of the police again devolved upon Inspector
Carpenter, and the suppression of the riots was
largely due to the energy and firmness displayed
by him at that time.
CARPENTER, Ellen M., artist, b. in Killinglv,
Conn., 28 Nov., 1830. She was educated at Milford
high school, and studied art with Thomas Edwards,
an" English artist, and at the Lowell institute in
Boston, where she has resided principally since
1858. In 1807, 1873, and 1881 she visited Europe
and studied under Lefebre and Fleury in Paris,
also sketching in England and on the continent.
At present (1886) much of her time is devoted to
teaching art in Boston. Among her works are
" The Yosemite Valley " ; " Temples of Pa^stum "
(1871); "Venice, Grand Canal" (1874), and numer-
ous portraits.
CARPENTER, Francis Bicknell, portrait-painter, b. in Homer, N. Y., in 1830. He is mostly self-taught, his only instruction in art having been received during six months in 1844 in the studio of Sanford Thayer, Syracuse. After painting portraits in Homer, he removed in 1851 to New York,
