cock's) corps. On 2 May, owing to a resolution of the senate that caused him to rank below some of the brigade commanders of his division, he was or- dered to report to Gen. Butler, and was placed by him in the outer line of defence of the peninsula. He afterward commanded divisions in the 1st corps, had charge of the defences of James river, and on 1 June, 1865, was brevetted major-gen- eral for gallantry and meritorious services dur- ing the war. Before he was mustered out, on 24 Aug., 1865, he was nominated as secretary of state of New York by the republican party. He took a prominent part in the jjolitics of New York, being elected secretary of state in 1879, and re-elected in 1881 and 1883. In 1885 he was the republican candidate for lieutenant-governor.
CARR, Sir Robert, British commissioner in
New England, b. in Northumberland, England ; d.
in Bristol, England, 1 June, 1667. He was ap-
pointed commissioner by Charles II. in 1664, in
conjunction with Nicolls, Cartwright, and Maver-
ick. The New Englanders took measures for re-
sisting any infraction of their liberties by the com-
missioners, who were nominated by the duke of
York and given extensive powers for regulating
the affairs of New England. The commissioners
arrived with a fleet, which was equipped for re-
ducing the Dutch settlements on the Hudson. On
27 Aug., 1664, Nicolls and Carr captured New Am-
sterdam from the Dutch and called it New York
in honor of the duke, afterward James II. The
garrison at Fort Orange capitulated on 24 Sept.,
and the place was renamed Albany. Carr forced
the Swedes and Dutch on the Delaware into a
capitulation, 1 Oct., 1664, went to Boston in Feb-
ruary, 1665, and with his coadjutoi's attempted to
supersede the constituted authorities of the colony ;
but the colonists refused to recognize their com-
mission. They then went to the north and en-
deavored to restore proprietary government. The
towns of New Hampshire obeyed the instructions
of the governor of Massachusetts, and refused to
hold intercourse with the commissioners. In Maine
the people welcomed the commissioners, preferring
direct dependence on the king to incorporation in
Massachusetts. A court was held at Casco in July,
1666, and a new government under the commis-
sioners was constituted and maintained until 1668.
In the mean time Carr returned to England and
died the dav after his arrival.
CARRALL, Robert William Weir, Canadian
physician, b. in Carrull's Grove, near VVoodstock,
Ontario, in 1839. He was educated at Trinity col-
lege, Toronto, and was graduated in medicine at
McGill college, Montreal, in 1859. He was elected
and represented Cariboo in the legislative council
of British Columbia from 1868 until the colony
was admitted into the Canadian Dominion in 1871.
He was one of the three delegates who went to Ot-
tawa in that year to arrange the terms of union.
He was called to^the senate on 3 Dec, 1871.
CARRATALA, José (car-rah-ta-lah'), Spanish
soldier, b. in Alicante, Spain, 14 Dec, 1781; d.
in Madrid, Spain, in 1854. He had just nn-
ished his studies when Napoleon's army invaded
Spain in 1808, and at once enrolled himself in a
Spanish regiment. He was wounded at the battle
of Tudela and the second siege of Saragossa, won
several promotions, and at the close of the war
was lieutenant-colonel. In September, 1815, he
went to Peru as colonel of his regiment, and took
part in battles at Jujuy and Salta. occupied Are-
quipain 1820, burned several towns in the province
of Jauja, was promoted to the rank of brigadier-
general, and joined Canterac, with whom he won
the battle of Macacona, and continued the cam-
paign to the end. He wrote the capitulation after
the battle of Ayacucho, when the royalists were
finally defeated in South America. On his return
to Spain, he again took part in military operations,
in 1827 was appointed lieutenant-general, and then
captain-general of several provinces, and became
minister of war and senator in 1841.
CARRELL, Columba, mother superior, b. in
Dublin, Ireland, in 1810; d. in Louisville, Ky., in
1878. She went to Louisville at an early age, and
entered a convent in 1826. She was directress of
studies np to 1862, when she was elected mother
superior. She founded the hospital of SS. Mary
and Elizabeth in Louisville.
CARRELL, George Aloysins, R. C. bishop, b.
in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1803 ; d. in Covington, Ky.,
in 1868. At ten years of age he began his studies
at Mount St. Mary's college, Emmettsburg, where he
remained three years. He studied in Georgetown
college for four years and then entered the novitiate
of the Jesuits at White Marsh, Md. He returned
to St. Mary's to complete his theological studies,
and was ordained in 1829. During the next six
years he performed missionary duty in Pennsyl-
vania, New Jersey, and Delaware, and founded an
academy for young ladies, which had more than
300 pupils, as well as a boys' school. After six
years of missionary experience he entered the So-
ciety of Jesus, was appointed professor in St. Louis
university, and was rector of this institution from
1845 till 1848. Between 1851 and 1853 he was
president of Purcell mansion college, Cincinnati.
On the erection of the eastern portion of Kentucky
into the see of Covington in 1858, Dr. Carrell was
proposed for the office of bishop by the first na-
tional council of Baltimore, and, the recommenda-
tion having been sanctioned by the pope, he was
consecrated the same year. One of his first under-
takings was the erection of the cathedral of St.
Mary's, and this he accomplished in less than two
years after his installation. His diocese contained
only ten churches and seven priests for 7,000 Catli-
olics, scattered over some hundred miles of terri-
tory, at the beginning of his episcopate, while there
was not an ecclesiastical institution in the diocese.
During the fifteen years that followed his conse-
cration there was marked progress, the number of
churches increasing to thirty-eight and the priests
to thirty-three. He established a hospital for the
care of the sick and an asylum for orphan children,
and also founded a priory of the order of St. Bene-
dict, a convent of Benedictine nuns, and one of the
nuns of the visitation. Academies and parochial
schools were erected in every part of his diocese,
and he did much to promote education both in
Kentuckv and Ohio.
CARRERA, Jose Miguel (car-ray'-rah), Chilian soldier, b. in Santiago de Chili, 19 July, 1782; d. in Mendoza, Argentine Republic 1 Sept., 1815. He studied in Madrid, entered the Spanish cavalry, served with distinction during the war of independence against the French, was promoted to the rank of major and given the command of a squadron in 1810, and escaped from Cadiz when he heard of the revolutionary movement in Chili.
Soon after his arrival he was appointed colonel in the revolutionary army by dictator Rosas, fought against the Spaniards, won great reputation among the military chiefs, which enabled him to depose Rosas (16 Nov., 1811) and to establish a
new government under his own authority. He then quelled an insurrection, and dissolved the congress, reorganizing the government on military principles. On 19 July, 1812, he was proclaimed
