nary islands, in 1533 ; d. in Brazil, 9 June, 1597. He was a relative of Loyola's. In 1553 he went from Coimbra, where he had been stationed, as a missionary to Brazil, where he founded a college for the conversion of natives, and was appointed governor of the converted Indians. His life was passed in danger, privation, and arduous labor, [e was believed by both whites and Indians to have the power of working miracles, and was com- monly called the " Apostle of Brazil." The acad- emy of sciences at Madrid has published a treatise by him on " The Natural Productions of Brazil." See " Vida do Padre Joseph de Anchieta," by Vas- concellos, and an earlier biography by Rodriguez.
ANDAGOYA, Pascual de, Spanish traveller, b.
in the province of Alava, Spain ; d. in Cuzco, Peru,
18 June, 1548. In 1514, when very young, he went
out to Darien with the governor, Pedro Arias.
He was made inspector-general of the Indians on
the isthmus in 1523, and in the same year, hear-
ing of a province farther south called Biru (Peru),
set out on an expedition thither. Several chiefs of
the country made their submission to him, and
told him of the great empire of the Incas ; but
when he attempted to make further discoveries, a
severe illness forced him to return to Panama,
where he reported the information he had gained.
The governor then handed over the enterprise to
three partnei's, one of whom was Francisco Pizarro,
afterward conqueror of Peru. Andagoya now
lived at Panama till 1529, when he was banished
by the governor to Santo Domingo, but returned
in a few years as lieutenant to the new governor,
Barrionuevo. He acted as agent to Pizarro and
the other conquerors of Peru until 1536, when he
was sent back to Spain. In 1540 he became gover-
nor of the country around the San Juan river, and
founded the town of Buenaventura ; but, owing to
a dispute with a neighboring governor, he went
back to Spain, where he spent five years, returning
to Peru to die. Oviedo, who knew him well,
speaks of him as noble minded and virtuous, and
says his treatment of the Indians was humane. He
wrote an interesting narrative, which remained
long in manuscript, but was finally published by
Navarrete. An English translation by Clements
R. Markham has been published by the Hakluyt
society (London, 1865),
ANDERS, John Daniel, Moravian bishop, b.
in Germany, 9 Aug., 1771 ; d. in Herrnhut, Saxo-
ny, 6 Nov ," 1847. "He was graduated at the Mo-
ravian college and the theological seminary at
Herrnhut, became a professor in the latter, and
subsequently took charge of the Moravian church
in Berlin. There his learning and eloquence at-
tracted no little attention among the professors
of the university and otliers. The celebrated Dr.
Neander was his intimate friend. In 1827 Anders
was appointed to preside over the northern district
of the American Moravian church, and accordingly
received consecration as a bishop on 16 Sept. of
that year, at Herrnhut. He filled this office until
1836, when he attended a general synod of the
Moravian church convened in Germany, and that
body elected him to the supi-eme executive board of
the Unitas Fratrum. For this reason he did not
return to the United States.
ANDERSON, Alexander, wood engraver, b. in
New York city, 21 April, 1775; d. in Jersey City,
N. J.. 17 Jan., 1870. At the age of twelve years he
made his first attempts at engraving on copper, fre-
quently using pennies rolled out, and on type-metal
plates. He received no instruction, and his knowl-
edge was acquired by watching jewellers and other
workmen. Some of his earliest efforts were copies of
anatomical figures in medical works. In deference
to his father's wishes, he studied in the medical de-
partment of Columbia college, and was graduated
in 1796; but at the same time he continued his in-
terest in engraving
and produced the
illustrations for a
little book entitled
" Looking Glass for
the Mind." Short-
ly afterward, on be-
ing informed that
it was possible to
engrave on wood,
he obtained blocks
of box - wood, de-
signed his own
tools, and produced
the first wood en-
gravings ever made
in the United
States. About 1798
he abandoned the
practice of medi-
cine, and devoted
 | An image should appear at this position in the text. A high-res raw scan of the page is available. To use it as-is, as a placeholder, edit this page and replace "{{missing image}}" with "{{raw image|Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 1).djvu/90}}". If it needs to be edited first (e.g. cropped or rotated), you can do so by clicking on the image and following the guidance provided. [Show image] .djvu-90.png) | |
his attention thenceforth exclusively to engraving. At first he used Ijoth wood and metal as occasion required, but from about 1820 his illustrations were usually cut in wood, and for some time he was the only artist in that line in New York. His best- known productions include the illustrations in Webster's " Elementary Spelling-Book," a series of forty plates for Shakespeare's plays, and engravings of Bewick's " Birds," and of Sir Charles Bell's " Anatomy." For many years he was employed by the American tract society and engraved the illus- trations for their publications. A memorial address on this pioneer engraver, by Benson J. Lossing, was published by the New York Historical Society, with 38 illustrations, many of them engraved by Anderson himself.
ANDERSON, Alexander, senator, b. in Jefferson CO., Tenn., 10 Nov., 1794 ; d. in Knoxville, Tenn., 23 May, 1869. He was elected by the democrats U. S. senator from Tennessee in 1840, and was afterward a legislator and judge in California, and fi-amed the state constitution.
ANDERSON, Galusha, educator, b. in Bergen,
N. Y., 7 March, 1832. He was graduated at Ro-
chester university in 1854, and at the theological
seminary in Rochester in 1856. He became distin-
guished as a preacher of the Baptist denomination,
and was called in 1866 from his church in St.
Louis to the professorship of homiletics, church
polity, and pastoral duties, in Newton theological
institute. From 1873 to 1878 he preached in Brook-
lyn, and then in Chicago, and in the latter year was
chosen president of Chicago university, in which
post he continued till September, 1885.
ANDERSON, George Burgwin, soldier, b. in
Wilmington, N. C, 12 April, 1831 ; d. in Raleigh,
N. C, 16 Oct., 1862. He was graduated at West
Point in 1852, and was appointed to the 2d dra-
goons, promoted to be 1st lieutenant in 1855, and
in 1858 appointed adjutant of his regiment. He
resigned in April, 1861, and entered the confed-
erate army, where he was soon appointed brigadier-
general and given direction of coast defences in
North Carolina. At the battle of Antietam, where
he commanded a brigade, he received a wound in
the foot, which eventually proved fatal.
ANDERSON, Henry James, educator, b. in New York, 6 Feb., 1799; d. in Lahore, northern Hindostan, 19 Oct., 1875. He was graduated at Columbia college with highest honors in 1818.
