Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 1).djvu/92

ANDERSON, Mary actress, b. in Sacramento, Cal., 28 July, 1859. She was brought to Louis- ville, Ky., when an infant, and was left fathei'less at three years of age. She was educated in the Ursuline convent of that city, and, when thirteen years old, resolved to enter the dra- matic profession. She received a training in music, dancing, and lit- erature to that end, and, after taking a course of dr-amatic les- sons in New York, on the advice of Charlotte Cush- man, and pursu- ing elocutionary studies at home for a year longer, she appeared as Juliet at Macau- ley's theatre, in Louisville, 27

Nov., 1875, and

subsequently in other parts. She played then in St. Louis, and next in New Orleans, where she was received with enthusiasm. She became a favorite actress in the principal cities of the United States, playing Lady Macbeth, Parthenia in " Ingomar," Pauline in " The Lady of Lyons," Galatea, and other characters. She played in 1888 and the fol- lowing seasons in England, where she was greatly admired for her beauty and refined acting. See " The Stage Life of Mary Anderson," by William Winter (New York, 1886). She married in 1890.

ANDERSON, Ophelia Brown, actress, b. in Boston, 24 July, 1818; d. in Jamaica Plain, Mass., 27 Jan., 1852. 'She was the daughter of Mrs. Pelby, an actress, and appeared on the stage in Boston, when two years old, as Cora's child in "Pizarro." She became a favorite with the American public, and was the chief attraction in the Tremont and National theatres, of which successively her' father was the manager. Her father, William Pelby, b. in Boston, Mass., 16 March, 1793; d. 28 May, 1850, managed the Tremont, built the Warren theatre, and appeared in London as Hamlet and Brutus in Payne's play.

ANDERSON, Rasmus Bjorn, author, b. in Al- bion, Wis., 12 Jan., 1846. His parents were Nor- wegians, and he was educated at the Norwegian Lutheran college, at Decorah, Iowa. He was profes- sor of Scandinavian languages in the university of Wisconsin from 1875 to 1884. In 1885 he was ap- pointed U. S. minister to Denmark. He has pub- lished " Julegrave " (1872) : " Den Norske Maalsag " (1874) ; " America not Discovered by Christopher Columbus " (Chicago, 1874) ; " Norse Mythologv " (1875); "Viking Tales of the North" (1877); "The Younger Edda" (1880); a translation of Horn's " History of the Literature of the Scan- dinavian North " (1885) ; and Bjorson's works.

ANDERSON, Richard Clough, soldier, b. in Hanover co., Va., 12 Jan., 1750; d. near Louis- ville, Ky., 16 Oct., 1826. As captain in the 5th Virginia continentals, he led the advance of the Americans at the battle of Trenton (24 Dec, 1776), crossing the Delaware river in the first boat, and driving in the Hessian outposts several hours be- fore the main attack was delivered. He was at the battles of Brandywine and Germantown, and was a daring leader wherever dash and resolution were needed. He was at the death-bed of Pulaski, and the dying Pole gave him his sword as a me- mento. After the war he removed to the wilder- ness of Kentucky, near Louisville, and led the life of a pioneer and Indian fighter until advancing civilization pushed the frontier so far westward that he was too old to follow. Before the close of the last century he superintended the building of a two-masted vessel, which he sent to London laden with Kentucky produce. See biographical sketch by E. L. Anderson (New York, 1879). — His son, Richard Cloulgh, Jr., lawyer (b. in Louisville, Ky., 4 Aug., 1788; d. in Tubaco, 24 July, 1826), was graduated at William and Mary college in 1804. and studied law with Judge Tucker. He practised with success at the Kentucky bar, and, after sitting in the legislature, was elected to congress in 1817 and again the following term. In 1822 he was again returned to the legislature, and was chosen speaker. He was appointed minister to Colombia in 1823 and in 1826, when, proceeding to the Panama congress as envoy extraordinary, he died on the journey.

ANDERSON, Richard Herron, soldier, b. near Statesburgh, S. C, 7 Oct., 1821 ; d. in Beaufort. 26 June, 1879. He was graduated at the U. S. military academy in 1842, assigned to the 2d dragoons, and served on frontier duty until 1845, when he joined the expedition for the military occupation of Texas. In the war with Mexico he took part in the siege of Vera Cruz and the various operations preceding and including the capture of the city of Mexico, 12-14 Sept., 1847. He became first lieutenant of the 2d dragoons 13 July, 1848, and captain 3 March, 1855, served frequently at the cavalry school for practice at Carlisle barracks, and was on duty in Kansas during the border troubles of 1856- '57. He was on duty at Fort Kearney, Nebraska, from 1859 to 1861, when he resigned, 3 March, to accept a brigadier's commission from the confeder- ate government. He was promoted to major-gen- eral in August, 1862, and given the command of the 5th division of Bragg's army in Tennessee, but was soon ordered to the army of Virginia, and was wounded at Antietam. He commanded a division at Gettysburg 1-3 July. 1863, and was promoted to lieutenant-general in May, 1864. It was his unex- pected night march (because he could not find a suitable place to encamp) that took the van of Lee's army to the defences of Spottsylvania before Grant could reach that place, and thus prolonged a campaign that might otherwise have ended there with a decisive battle. Gen. Anderson took a prominent part in the defence of Petersburg, and in the closing engagements that preceded the sur- render, commanded the 4th corps of the confeder- ate army under Lee. After the war he remained in private life.

ANDERSON, Robert, soldier, b. at "Soldier's Retreat," near Louisville, Ky., 14 June, 1805; d. in Nice, France. 27 Oct., 1871. He graduated at West Point in 1825, and was appointed second lieutenant in the 3d artillery. He served in the Black Hawk war of 1832 as colonel of the Illinois volunteers. In 1835-'37 he was instructor of artillery at West Point, and in 1837-38 he served in the Florida war, and was brevetted captain. Subsequently he was attached to the staff of Gen. Scott as assistant adjutant-general, and was promoted to captain in 1841. He served in the Mexican war, and was severely wounded at INIolino del Rey. In 1857 he was appointed major of the 1st artillery, and on 20 Nov., 1860, he assumed com-