there, and vice-president of the International con- gress of education held in Havre. Prance. He re- ceived the degree of Ph. D. from Rutgers in 1872, and that of LL. D. from Dartmouth in 1876. Gen. Eaton is a member of many learned associa- tions, and has published numerous addresses and reports on education and the public affairs with which he has been connected.
EATON, John Henry, politician, b. in Tennessee
in 1790; d. in Washington, D. C., 17 Nov., 1856.
He received a thorough education, studied law, and
was admitted to the bar, beginning to practise in
Nashville, Tenn. He was elected to the U. S. senate
as a Democrat, and served till his resignation in
1829. He was a personal friend of Andrew Jackson,
and was appointed by him secretary of war,
holding the office from 1829 till 1831. Three years
later he was made governor of the territory of Florida,
and held the office till 1836, when he was
appointed U. S. minister to Spain, remaining there
till 1840. He published “Life of Andrew Jackson”
(Philadelphia, 1824). — His wife, Margaret L.
O'Neill, b. in 1796; d. in Washington, D. C., 8 Nov.,
1879, was the daughter of William O'Neill, an Irish
hotel-keeper in Washington. After the death of
her first husband, John B. Timberlake, a purser in
the U. S. navy, she married Mr. Eaton in 1829. She
possessed great beauty and fascination of manner
united to a persistent will and high ambition. The
appointment of Mr. Eaton to the cabinet gave her
a social position that she had long desired, but,
owing to reports unfavorable to her reputation, she
was refused recognition on equal terms by the families
of the other members of the cabinet. The feud
in society caused by this involved the president,
who warmly supported his “little friend Peg,” as
he was accustomed to call her. At this time the
estrangement between President Jackson and
Vice-President Calhoun had begun, and a belief was
awakened in the mind of the former that the latter
had shrewdly fomented the general excitement, and
it was said took an active part in promoting the
crisis. Finally the president demanded of his
secretaries the recognition of the social status of
Mrs. Eaton, and was refused by all of them excepting
Mr. Van Buren. As a compromise it was
suggested that her public status should be conceded,
while each lady should act as she chose in regard
to private recognition. Gen. Jackson wrote a very
plain-spoken note on the subject to Vice-President
Calhoun, but only elicited from him the diplomatic
reply that it was a “ladies' quarrel,” with which
men could not successfully interfere, adding that
“the laws of the ladies were like the laws of the
Medes and Persians, and admitted neither of argument
nor of amendment.” The quarrel culminated
in a general disruption of the cabinet in 1831. Mrs.
Eaton was said to have shone with brilliancy in the
court of Isabella in Spain, and was a social favorite
in Paris and London. In 1840 she returned to
Washington, where she resided quietly till the
death of Mr. Eaton. She was left with a large
estate, and the custody of five grandchildren. In
1857 she married an Italian, from whom she was
separated after losing much of her property.
EATON, Joseph Oriel, artist, b. in Licking
county, Ohio, 8 Feb., 1829 ; d. in Yonkers, N. Y.,
7 Feb., 1875. He was an effective genre and por-
trait painter, both in oil and water-colors. He
was an associate of the National academy, and a
member of the Society of painters in water-colors,
and of the Artists' fund society. The works that
he exhibited at the National academy are " Land-
scape View on the Hudson" (1868): "Moral In-
struction" (1869) ; portraits of R. S. Gifford (1869)
and of Rev. George II. Ilepworth (1870); "Dawn-
ing Maternity " and " The Last Chapter " (1871) ;
"The Greek Water-Carrier " (1872); and "The
Lady Godiva." Among his water-colors are " Vis-
ion of the Cross " (1869) ; " Little Nell and her
Grandfather " (1871) ; and " The Two Pets " (1874).
In 1873 he travelled in Europe. His " Looking
through the Kaleidoscope " and a portrait of him-
self were exhibited after his death. His most suc-
cessful subjects in portrait-painting were children.
EATON, Samuel John Mills, clergyman, b. in
Fairview, Erie co.. Pa.. 15 April, 1820 ; d. in Frank-
lin, Pa., 16 July, lS«i). He was graduated at Jef-
ferson in 1845, studied theology, and entered the
Presbyterian ministry in 1848. From that year
till 1882 he was pastor in Franklin, Pa. He has
held the offices of stated clerk of the presbytery of
Erie since 1853 ; permanent clerk of synod of Alle-
gheny from 1859 till 1870 ; stated clerk of synod
of Erie from 1870 till 1881 ; trustee of Washington
and Jefferson since 1879; and director of Western
theological seminary since 1880. In 1871 he visited
Egypt, Palestine, Greece, and Turkey. His pub-
lications are "Petroleum" (Philadelphia, 1866);
"History of the Presbytery of Erie" (New York,
1868) ; " History of Venango County, Pa." (Frank-
lin, 1876) ; " Lakeside " (Pittsburg, 1880) ; " Memo-
rial of Cvrus Dickson, D. D." (New York, 1883) ;
"Jerusalem" (1884); "Palestine" (1885); and
" Memorial of Robert Lamberton " (Franklin, 1886).
The degree of D. I), was conferred upon him by
Washington and Jefferson in 1869.
EATON, Theophilus, governor of New Haven,
b. in Stony Stratford, Oxfordshire, England, about
1591 ; d. in New Haven, Conn., 7 Jan., 1658. He
was the son of a clergyman, and was educated for
mercantile life. He was sent by the king of Eng-
land as an agent to the court of Denmark, where
he remained several years, and on his return to
London became a merchant of high reputation. In
1637 he accompanied John Davenport's party to
New England (see Davenport, John), and on his
arrival in Massachusetts was chosen to be a magis-
trate. The Massachusetts planters made strong
efforts to retain the party, who were gentlemen of
wealth and character. The general court offered
them whatever place they might choose, and the
inhabitants of Newbury agreed to give up that town
to them, but they determined to found a distinct
colony. Accordingly, in the fall of 1637, Eaton,
with a few friends, carefully explored the Connecti-
cut coast, and finally selected a place called Quin-
nipiac, where in March, 1638, the colony was planted.
In November, Eaton was one of those who contract-
ed with the Indians for the sale of lands including
what are now seven townships, the price being thir-
teen English coats. On 4 June, 1639, he was one
of the "seven pillars " selected to form a govern-
ment for the colony. He was chosen its first gov-
ernor, and continued in the office till his death.
Gov. Eaton was one of the commissioners that
formed the " United colonies of New England " in
May, 1643, and in 1646 he proposed to the Dutch
governor, Kieft, to settle all differences with him
by arbitration. On his arrival in New Haven,
Eaton attempted to carry on his old mercantile
pursuits, but soon abandoned them for agriculture.
In person he was handsome and of commanding
figure, and, althongli strict and severe in, religious
matters, he was affable and courteous. — His brother,
Samuel, clergyman, b. in England about 1597 ; d.
in Denton, Lancashire, England, 9 June, 1665, was
educated at Magdalen college, Cambridge, receiv-
ing the degree of B. A. in 1624, and that of M. A.
in 1628. Shortly after leaving the university he
