1883, was educated in his native town, at a Domin- ican college, and at the L'niversity of Virginia. At tlie Ijeginning of the civil war he received a com- mission in the regular army as captain of the 18th infantry, and also served for some time on the staff of his brother-in-law. Gen. William T. Sherman. He was brevetted major in 1863 for gallantry in the first assault at Vicksburg, where he was wounded while planting the flag of Ms battalion on the parapet. He was also brevetted lieutenant-colonel in 1804 for services in the Atlanta campaign, and colonel in 1865 for gallant conduct during the war. On 8 March, 1865, he was appointed brigadier- general of volunteers. He resigned his commission in 1867, and practised law successfully in. Wash- ington, D. C, during the remainder of his life.
EWING, William Bellford, physician, b. in
Greenwich, N. J., in 1776; d. there, 23 April, 1866.
He was graduated at Princeton in 1704, studied
medicine at Trenton under Dr. Nicholas Bellville,
and began to practise his profession in the island
of St. Croix, where he continued for two years.
He then settled in Greenwich, where he practised
for twenty-eight years. For many years he was
presiding judge of the county courts, for ten years
a member of the legislature, and a member of the
New Jersey constitutional convention of 1841. In
1823 he was president of the New Jersey medical
society, of which he was one of the oldest fellows.
EWING, William Lee Davidson, senator, b.
in 1795 ; d. in Ohio. 25 March, 1846. He received
an academic education, studied law, was admitted
to the bar, and began practice. He became re-
ceiver of public moneys for the district of Vanda-
lia in 1825, and in 1826-'7 was U. S. surveyor of
public lands and general of state militia. He
served as major of the " Spy battalion " in the
Black-Hawk war in 1832, became a member of the
state senate in that year, and was its speaker in
lSo4. ailing as governor from 15 Nov. till 9 Dec.
On 29 Due, 1835, he was chosen to the U. S. sen-
ate to fill the vacancy caused bv the death of Elias
K. Kane, and he served till 4 March, 1837. He
was speaker of the state house of representatives
in 1840, and in 1843 was chosen state auditor,
which office he held until his death.
EXMOUTH, Edward Pellew, Viscount, Eng-
lish naval officer, b. in Dover, England, 19 April,
1757; d. in Teignmouth. 23 Jan., 1833. He entered
the navy in 1770, and joined the frigate '"Blonde,"
which sailed to the relief of Quebec. His first dis-
tinction was gained in the battle of Lake Cham-
plain, 11 Oct., 1776, against the flotilla of Arnold,
whom he nearly made prisoner. In command of a
body of seamen, he rendered great assistance to the
army of Burgoyne in its difficult advance to Sara-
toga, was sent to England with despatches, and
promoted. He became post-captain in 1782, and
from 1786 till 1789 was stationed off Newfound-
land. In the war with France he commanded the
frigate " Nymphe," of thirty-six guns, in 1793,
and captured the French frigate " La Cleopatre,"
after a desperate battle. This was the first prize
taken in the war, and Exmouth was knighted,
and afterward employed to' blockade the coast of
France. In 1796, by his bravery and presence of
mind, he saved the lives of all on board a wrecked
transport near Plymouth, and for this action
he was made a baronet. He was elected to par-
liament in 1802. He returned to the navy in
1804, was promoted rear-admiral, and made com-
mander-in-chief in the East Indies, where he an-
nihilated The Dutch fleet in 180l6. He became vice-
admiral in 1808, was sent to command forces in the
Mediterranean in 1810, and during this service con-
cluded treaties with Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli,
for the abolition of Christian slavery. In 1814 he
was created Baron Exmouth of Canonteign and
admiral of the blue, and in 1816 was advanced to
a viscounty for his gallantry in bombarding and
destroying the fleet and arsenal of Algiers in that
year. He was retired from active service in 1821.
EXPILLY, Jean Charles Marie, French author, b. in Salon, Bouches-du-Rhone, 8 Sept., 1814. He was a. relative of the famous geographer, Jean Joseph Expilly, received his education at the Lycee Charlemagne of Paris, was graduated in law at Aix, and afterward served his time in a regiment
of lancers. Since 1840 he has devoted his time entirely to literary work. He went to South America in 1852 and remained till 1858, studying the country and the political and economical situation. After his return to Paris he resumed for sometime his work as a contributor to the prominent journals, but soon turned his attention entirely to
political economy. His works on this subject soon
gained him a reputation, and were the cause of his
appointment in August, 1866, as commissary of
emigi'atiiin in Havre, and in 1868 to the same place
in Marseilles. He published " Le Bresil tel qu'il
est " (1862) ; " Les femmes et les meurs du Bresil "
(1863) ; " Du mouvement d'emigration dans le port
de Marseille " (1864) ; " La Traite, I'emigration et
la colonisation au Bresil " (1865) ; " La verite sur le
eonflit entre Le Bresil, Buenos Ayres, Montevideo
et le Paraguay devant la civilization " (1865) ;
" L'ouverture de I'Amazone, ses consequences poli-
tiques et commerciales" (1867); "La politique du
Paraguay" (1869); and several novels, including
" L'epee de Damocles " (1843) ; " Grande dame et
lorette" (1854); "Les filles de Mahomet" (1854);
" Le pirate noir" (1858); "La Cabra d"or" (1864);
and " Les aventures du capitaine Cayol " (1866).
EYMA, Louis Xavier, French author, b. in
St. Pierre, Martinique, West Indies, 16 Oct., 1816;
d. in Paris, 29 March, 1876. When nineteen he
was appointed in the navy department in Paris,
where he remained eleven years, and in 1840 he was
sent by the government on missions to the West
Indies and the United States. After his return in
1848 he published interesting reports about the
primary instruction and the general school system
of the countries which he had visited. Soon after-
ward he travelled for a second time through the
United States, and spent several years in studying
the institutions and natural features of the country.
He recorded his observations in several works pub-
lished after his return, of which the best known
are " Les femmes du nouveau monde " (1853) ; " Les
deux Ameriques " (1853) ; " Les peaux rouges "
(1854); "Les peaux noires " (1856); "La Repub-
lique Americaine ; ses institutions ; ses hommes "
(2 vols.. 1861)'; " Les trente quatre etoiles de I'union
Americaine " (2 vols.. 1862) ; and " La Chasse a I'es-
clave " (1866). He also published an " Introduction
a une politique generale " (1842) ; and many novels.
EYRE, Edward John, British diplomatist, b. in England in August. 1815. Failing to secure a commission in the army, he went to Australia in 1833, where he engaged in sheep-farming, was appointed magistrate of his district and protector of the aborigines, and became distinguished as an
explorer. After serving for some time as governor of New Zealand, he was appointed lieutenant-governor of the island of St. Vincent in 1854, and in 1859-'6!Qt was in the island of Antigua, acting as administrator of the Leeward islands during the absence of the governor. In 1860 he returned to
England to recruit his health, which had become impaired by long residence in tropical climates.
