gery and obstetrics, and has since resided there, with the exception of five years spent in Brockport, N. Y. In 1802 he was commissioned surgeon of the 146th New York regiment, was promoted surgeon of brigade in 1863, and surgeon-in-chief of the 2d division, 5th corps, Army of the Potomac, in 1804. In 1805 he was discharged from the service, having been brevetted lieutenant-colonel of U. S. volunteers for meritorious service in the field. In 1806 he was appointed U. S. pension examining surgeon, which office he now holds (1887). He was a delegate to the International medical congress at Philadelphia in 1870. Dr. Flandrau is a member of the New York state medical society, of the American medical association, and of the Oneida county medical society, of which he was president in 1870.—His brother, Charles Eugene, lawyer, b. in New York city, 15 July, 1828, was educated in Georgetown, D. C. From 1841 till 1844 he was a sailor before the mast. He learned a trade in 1845-'7. After studying law in Whitesboro, N. Y., he was admitted to the bar in 1851, settled in St. Paul, Minn., in 1858, and was a member of the territorial council of Minnesota in 1856, U. S. Indian agent for the Sioux tribe in 1850-'7, a member of the Constitutional convention of Minnesota in 1857, and judge of the supreme court of the territory and state of Minnesota from 1857 till 1804. In 1802 he defeated the Sioux Indians in the battle of New Ulm, Minn., which saved the town of that name. In 1807 he was elected president of the first board of trade of Minneapolis. He was chairman of the Democratic state central committee in 1808-'9.
FLASCH, Kilian, R. C. bishop, b. in Retzstadt, Bavaria, in 1831; d. in La Crosse, Wis., 3 Aug., 1891. He came to the United States, studied in the college of Notre Dame, Ind., and afterward in the seminary of Milwaukee, began his theological studies in the Salesianum, Milwaukee, in 1850, and was ordained priest in 1859. He was assigned to missionary work at Laketown, where he remained until 1860, when he was appointed professor in the Salesianum. He resigned in 1867, and took charge of an orphan asylum near Milwaukee. In 1879 he was appointed rector of the Salesianum, and in 1881 consecrated bishop of La Crosse.
FLASH, Henry Lyden, poet, b. in Cincinnati, Ohio, 20 Jan., 1835. His parents were residents of the West Indies, who removed to New Orleans in 1837. Henry was graduated at the Western military institute of Kentucky in 1852. At the beginning of the civil war he entered the Confederate army, and served as a volunteer aide on the staffs of Gen. William J. Hardee and Gen. Joseph Wheeler. At its close he edited the "Confederate" in Macon, Ga. He engaged in business in New Orleans from 1866 until his retirement in 1886, and at present (1887) resides in Los Angeles, Cal. Mr. Flash is best known under the pen-names of "Lyden Eclair" and "Harry Flash." He has published a volume of poems (New York, 1860).
FLEET, Thomas, printer, b. in Shropshire, England, 8 Sept., 1685; d. in Boston, Mass., 21 July, 1758. He learned the business of printing in Bristol, England, and came to America at the age of twenty-seven and established himself in "Pudding Lane" (now Devonshire street), Boston. He married Elizabeth Goose, daughter of a wealthy Bostonian, 8 June, 1715. His mother-in-law, who lived at his house, spent her whole time in the nursery and in wandering about the house, pouring forth, in unmelodious strains, an abundance of rhymes for the amusement of Fleet's infant son, greatly to the annoyance of the whole neighborhood, and of Fleet in particular. He endeavored for a long time, by every means in his power, to put an end to it; but his good mother-in-law would not be silenced. Finally he conceived the idea of quietly writing down her songs, which he did, and published them in book-form under the title, "Songs for the Nursery; or, Mother Goose's Melodies for Children. Printed by T. Fleet, at his Printing House, Pudding Lane [now Devonshire Street], 1719. Price, two coppers." The book was popular and remunerative. In 1731 Fleet built himself a mansion on the corner of Water street, having for his sign a heart and crown. Here he lived with his family, prosecuted printing and editing, and maintained a shop and an auction-room. In 1733 he became proprietor and publisher of the "Weekly Rehearsal," which two years afterward was changed to the "Boston Evening Post," and in its management he continued until his death. He possessed a vein of keen though coarse wit, that was suited to the times, and aided the popularity of the paper. —His eldest son, Thomas, over whose cradle the celebrated "Mother Goose Melodies" were gathered, aided his father, and after his death succeeded him in the management of the paper. From 1779 till 1801 his descendants published "Fleet's Annual Register." and printed the first edition of Hutchinson's "History of Massachusetts."
FLEMING, John, printer. He was one of the publishers of the Boston "Chronicle" in 1767, the first paper that was published twice a week in New England. In the second year of its publication it espoused the royal cause, and in 1770 was suspended. Fleming found it prudent to retire, and went to England in 1773, and subsequently to France, where he resided until his death.
FLEMING, Michael, R.C. Canadian bishop, b., in Ireland about 1785; d. in St. John's, Newfoundland, in 1850. He was nominated coadjutor to the vicar apostolic of Newfoundland in 1821, and in 1829 succeeded to the vicariate. At this time Newfoundland was without schools, and had only a few churches. The knowledge that he had acquired of the condition of the peninsula during his coadjutorship enabled him to introduce several reforms. He divided it into thirteen districts, and built churches, presbyteries, and schools in each. In 1834 he obtained permission from the government to build a cathedral, a convent, and schools, and an episcopal residence, on some land near St. John's which was valueless for other purposes. But shortly afterward the government retracted the concession, and he went to London to solicit the execution of the promise. He was successful, and on his return in 1841 laid the foundation of his cathedral, which when finished was one of the noblest edifices in America. In 1846 he sent missionaries to Labrador. In 1849, Pius IX. erected the city of St. John's into a bishopric and nominated him its first bishop.
FLEMING, Sandford, Canadian engineer, b. in Kirkcaldy, Fifeshire, Scotland, 7 Jan., 1827. He received his early training there, and served an apprenticeship as a surveyor and engineer. He emigrated to Canada in 1845, and in 1852 was appointed one of the engineering staff of the Northern railway, then known as the Ontario, Simcoe, and Huron railway. Subsequently he visited the Red river settlement, for the purpose of ascertaining the practicability of connecting that section with the rest of Canada. In 1803 he went to Great Britain to present the memorial of the inhabitant of Red river settlement, petitioning for railway communication, to the inperial government, but was not successful. On his return he was commissioned to make a preliminary survey of a pro-
