"Creative Science, or Manhood, Womanhood, and their Inter-Relations." — His brother, Lorenzo Niles, b. in Cohocton, 23 June, 1811 ; d. in Sharon Station, N. Y., 18 Aug., 1887. He was graduated at Amherst, and lectured in the United States and throughout Canada. Li 1808 he settled in London, and lectured in all parts of Great Britain. Several of his lectures were published in London. In addition to the works written in conjunction with his brother, he is the author of the " Synopsis of Phrenology and Physiology " (1844) ; " Marriage, its History and Philosophy, with Directions for Happy Marriages " (1846) ; and " Lectures on Man." As a member of the firm of Fowlers & Wells he was engaged in publishing " Life Illustrated," a weekly journal, and the monthly periodicals the " American Phrenological Journal " and the " Water-cure Journal," which was superseded by the " Science of Health." — Lydia Folg'er, wife of Lorenzo N., b. in Nantucket. Mass., in 1823 ; d. in London, England, 26 Jan., 1879, was a graduate of Syracuse medical college, and practised medicine. She lectured on physiology and on diseases of women and children, and published " Familiar Lessons on Phrenology and Physiology" (1847), and "Familiar Lessons on Astronomy" (1848).
FOWLER. Philemon Halstead, clergyman, b.
in Albany. N. Y., 9 Feb., 1814; d. in mk-ii, N. Y.,
19 Dec, 1879. He was graduated at Hobart college
in 1832, was a tutor there for one year, and stud-
ied theology at Princeton seminary, where he was
graduated in 1836. He held pastorates in Washing-
ton, D. C, and Elniira, N. Y. ; and from 1851 till
1874, when he was compelled to resign on account
of failing health, was pastor of a chui'ch in Utica,
N. Y. He was a member of the joint committee on
reunion in 1866, and was moderator of the new-
school Presbyterian general assembly when the
two wings of the church reunited in 1870. He was
the author of a " History of Presbyterianism in
Central New York," and of several other small vol-
umes and published discourses.
FOWLER, Samuel, physician, b. near New-
burg. N. Y., 30 Oct., 1779 ;" d. in Fi-anklin, N. J.,
21 Feb., 1844. He studied medicine in Philadel-
phia, and, after being licensed in 1800, began to
practise in Hamburg, N. J. A few years later he
removed to Franklin, where he subsequently re-
sided, enjoying a high reputation on account of
his scientific knowledge. He interested himself in
politics, and represented his county in the upper
branch of the New Jersey legislature, and also his
state in congress, to which he was twice elected as
a JacksOn Democrat, serving from 2 Dec, 1833,
till 4 March, 1837. As a mineralogist he held de-
servedly a high rank. The zinc-mines in Franklin
were once owned by him, and his descriptions of
the minerals found in their vicinity, particularly
the franklinite, said to have been named by him,
led to the development of its metallurgy. The rare
mineral, fowlerite, was discovered by him. He
contributed frequent descriptions of New Jersey
minerals to scientific and other journals.
FOWLER, Samuel Paare, antiquarian, b. in
Dan vers, Mass., 23 April, 1800 ; d. there, 15 Dec,
1888. In his native town he held various local
offices, and was a member of tlie legislature in
1837-9, and of the State constitutional conven-
tion in 1853. He was one of the founders of the
Essex institute, and for ten years president of the
board of trustees of the Peabody institute of Dan-
vers. He wrote articles for the " Histoi'ical Col-
lections " of the Essex institute, and a sketch of
the "Life and Character of the Rev. Samuel
Pan-is, of Salem Village, and his Connection with
the Witchcraft Delusion of 1692"; and annotated
Robert Calef's " More Wonders of the Invisible
World " (Salem, 1861).
FOWLER, Thomas Powell, lawyer, b. in New-
burg, N. Y.. 26 Oct.. 1851. He was graduated at
Columbia law-school in 1874, and became a prac-
tising lawyer in New York city. He has been a
director of various railway companies, became re-
ceiver of the Shenango and Allegheny road in
1884, and since 1886 has been president of the
New York, Ontario, and Western railway.
FOWLER, William Chauucey, educator and
author, b. in Killingworth (now Clinton), Conn., 1
Sept., 1793; d. in Durham, Conn., 15 Jan., 1881.
His parents settled at Durham when he was four
years old. He was graduated at Yale in 1816, and
studied theology there, at the same time perform-
ing the duties of rector of the Hopkins grammar-
school. He was graduated at the theological
school in 1818. was a tutor at Yale from 1819 tiU
1823, pastor of a Congregational church in Green-
field, Mass., in 1825-7, professor of chemistry and
natural philosophy in Middlebury college. Vt.,
from 1827 till 1838, and then of rhetoric and oi-a-
tory in Amherst college till 1843. He subsequently
engaged in literary labors, residing at Amherst till
1858, and afterward in Durham. He was a mem-
ber of the Massachusetts assembly in 1851, and of
the Connecticut senate in 1864. For his father-in-
law, Noah Webster, he edited the university edi-
tion of Webster's " Dictionary " (New York, 1845).
He published an " English Grammar " ; a treatise
on " The English Language in its Elements and
Forms " (1850) ; " Memorials of the Chaunceys "
(1856) ; " The Sectional Controversy, or Passages
in the Political History of the United States "
(1862) ; genealogical works on " William Fowler,
the Magistrate, and his Descendants," " Wives of
the Fowlers," and " Wives of the Chaunceys " ;
" History of Durham " (Hartford, 1866) ; and
" Local Law in Massachusetts and Connecticut "
(Albany, 1872).— His son, William AVortliing--
ton, author, b. in Middlebury, Vt., 24 June, 1833;
d. in Durham, Conn., 18 Sept., 1881, was educated
at Phillips Andover academy and at Amherst,
where he was graduated in 1854. He studied law
at Amherst and in New York city, where he was
admitted to the bar in 1857. He practised his
profession in New York till 1864, then became a
broker, and in 1871 abandoned that business for
literature and journalism, settling in Durham. In
1879 he was a member of the Connecticut senate.
He was for twelve years the New York financial cor-
respondent of the Boston "Commercial Btilletin,"
and was the author of "Ten Years in Wall Street"
(Hartford, 1870) ; " Life and Adventures of Benja-
min ¥. Moneypenny " ; " Fighting Fire " (1873) ;
" Woman on the American Frontier " (1877) ;
" Twenty Years of Inside Life in Wall Street "
(New York, 1880); and a pamphlet on "The Fowl-
ers of Buckinghamshire, England."
FOWLES, James H., clergyman, b. in Nassau, New Providence, in 1812 ; d. in 1854. He was the son of a lieutenant in the British army, was graduated at Yale in 1831, licensed to preach by the presbytery of New York in 1833, and afterward ordained in the Protestant Episcopal church by Bishop Bowen, of South Carolina. He preached
in that state till 1845, when he succeeded Stephen II. Tyng in Philadelphia. He was the author of " Protestant Episcopal Views of Baptism Explained and Defended " (Philadelphia, 1846). A collection of thirty " Sermons Preached in the Church of the Epiphany, Philadelphia," accompanied by a memoir, was published after his death (1855).
