Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 2).djvu/709

congress, and Gomez was elected a deputy to that body. In 1850 he was a defeated candidate for the presidency. When Santa-Anna declared himself dictator in 1853, Gomez-Farias took part against him, and was one of the committee that elected Alvarez president in October, 1855. He was ap- pointed postmaster-general, and in 1857 took part in the formation of the liberal constitution.

GOMEZ-PEDRAZA, Manuel, Mexican states- man, b. in Soto la Marina (according to others, in Queretaro) in 1789 ; d. in the city of Mexico, 14 May. 1851. He was educated in Queretaro, en- tered the militia, and at the beginning of the revolution of 1810 remained faithful to the royal- ists. When Iturbide proclaimed the empire in 1822, Gomez sided with him, and became com- mander of the city of Mexico. He surrendered the city to the republican authorities, and in 1825 was appointed by President Victoria secre- tary of war. He became president in 1828, de- feating the ultra liberal party under Guerrero, and the latter, complaining of fraud in the elec- tions, appealed to arms. Gomez fled to Europe on 4 Dec, and returned in 1830, but Gen. Busta- mente ordered him to leave the country immedi- ately, and he went to the United States, fixing his residence in Pennsylvania. He was afterward re- called, and was president again in 1832-'3. In 1841 he was minister of state under the second admin- istration of Santa-Anna, and in 1842, 1844, and 1845 was deputy to congress, where he acquired fame as an orator. In 1850 he was again a candi- date for the presidency, but was defeated, and died as a director of the government bank of loans.

GONANNHATENHA, Frances, Indian convert, b. in Onondaga, N. Y.; d. there in 1692. She had been converted by Father Fremin and became a model of piety and charity in the Caughnawaga village to which her husband belonged. Hearing one day that a hostile party was going in the direction of the place where her husband was hunting, she started in her canoe with two others to give him warning. She fell into the hands of the enemy, who, after torturing her, brought her to Onondaga and placed her in the custody of her sister, who surrendered her. On the scaffold she made a profession of her faith and of her happiness in dying for it. A relative used every entreaty to persuade her to renounce Christianity, and, maddened by his failure, tore her crucifix from her neck, and with his knife slashed a cross on her naked breast. “I thank you, brother,” she said; “it was possible to lose the cross you have taken from me, but you have given me one I only can lose with my life.” She then addressed those present with great force, exhorting them to embrace the faith. She was then tortured for three successive nights and barbarously put to death. The narrative of her martyrdom is taken from the accounts of Frenchmen who were prisoners among the Onondagas at the time.

GONZALEZ, Francisco Javier (gon-thal'-eth). South American soldier, b. in Colombia in 1760; d. in Bogota in 1832. He entered the Republican army in 1810, and continued in active service until 1832, becoming lieutenant in 1810, captain in 1812, lieutenant-colonel, 11 Jan., 1813, and colonel on 4 Oct. He paid all the expenses of his regiment in the campaign of 1813-'14, and, after the defeat of the Republicans in the latter year, returned to Bo- gota, where he was taken prisoner by the Spaniards in 1816, and condemned to death. He regained his liberty by forfeiting his estates and paying .|35,- 000 to his captors. Gen. Morillo, taking advantage of his extreme poverty, offered him every induce- ment to enter the Spanish army and organize the militia, but Gonzalez refused. When the news of the defeat of the Spaniards in Boyaca reached Bo- gota, 8 Aug., 1819, the authorities fled, leaving the capital in the power of a mob. Gonzalez assem- bled the Republicans, restored order, and guarded the public treasure, amounting to $4,000,000, until the arrival of Bolivar, who appointed him gov- ernor and commander-in-chief of the province of Cundinamarca. He devoted himself to the task of organizing and drilling troops during the eleven years that lie was commander of the province. In the civil war which followed the war of indepeiul- ence, Gonzalez served the legitimate government.

GONZALEZ, Jose Maria de Jesus, clergy- man, b. in Guadalajara, Mexico, 21 Aug., 1803 ; d. in Santa Barbara, California, 3 Nov., 1875. He was a member of the order of St. Francis, and was sent to the San Jose mission, Cal., in 1832. In 1839 he was appointed vice-commissary and presi- dent of the mission. In 1846 he was made vicar- capitular of the two Calif ornias, and in 1847 was nominated bishop. He was vicar-general from 1852 till 1858, and also guardian of the apostolical college of Zacatecas in 1855. He was appointed president of the college of Santa Barbara in 1858, and continued in that office till his death.

GONZALEZ, Manuel, Mexican soldier, b. near Matamoros Tamaulipas, Mexico, in 1820. He be- gan to figure in the civil wars of Mexico about 1853, fighting with the reactionary party under the guerilla chief Mareelino Cobos. (See Cobos.) Up to 1861 he participated in all the engagements between the reaction- ary and the Liberal par- tisans, and with other guerillas was the terror of the valley of Mexico. He has been many times wounded in battle, and his right arm was twice shattered, once requir- ing an amputation. When the allied armies of France, England, and Spain invaded Mexico in December, 1861, he offered his sword to the Liberal leader, Juarez. He was ordered to join Gen. Vidaurri near the

northern frontier ; but

in 1863 the latter complained to the secretary of war that Gonzalez was of a rebellious disposition, and requested that he might be recalled. After accompanying the president in his flight from the capital as tar as San Luis Potosi, he made a countermarch to the mountains of Plidalgo, where he maintained him- self till the year 1865. Toward the end of the year, he made a rapid march through the midst of the French and imperial forces, joined Gen. Escobedo, and accompanied him in his advance toward the south. He was promoted colonel in 1866, brigadier-general in 1867, and in June en- tered the capital with Escobedo, Corona, and Ber- riozabal. In 1869 he was appointed governor of the government palace by Juarez, and he occupied this position till 1871, when he was arrested on a charge of complicity in the disappearance from the palace of the gold and silver plate which had belonged to the emperor Maximilian. He took advantage of the revolution of 1871 to escape, and joined the forces of Porfirio Diaz. He after- ward refused to submit to the government of