rank of colonel in January, 1812, and became major-general, 4 June, 1814. He served in Flanders and in Spain, when he received a silver war-medal for gallant conduct at Corunna, accompanied the expedition to the Scheldt, at the battle of Nive commanded the 1st brigade of guards, and for his services on that occasion received a gold medal. At the battle of Waterloo he led the 1st British brigade of the 1st division, and for his services at that battle he was made a knight commander of the bath, 22 June, 1815. In June, 1818, Sir Peregrine was appointed lieutenant-governor of Upper Canada, and accompanied the Duke of Richmond, his father-in-law, who had been appointed governor-general of Canada. After the death of the latter, 27 Aug., 1820, the government of Canada was administered by Gen. Maitland until the arrival of the Earl of Dalhousie, the new governor-general. Gen. Maitland was afterward lieutenant-governor of Nova Scotia. He was promoted lieutenant-general on 22 July, 1830, appointed to the command of the 76th foot on 19 July, 1834, became commander-in-chief of the Madras army, 11 Oct., 1836, and from December, 1843, till September, 1846, was governor and commander-in-chief at the Cape of Good Hope. In November, 1846, he attained the full rank of general, and in 1852 became a knight grand cross of the bath.
MAITZ DE GOIMPY, François Louis Edmé Gabriel, Count du (mah-eets-deh-gwam-pe), French naval officer, b. in the Castle of Goimpy, near Saint Leger, 8 Feb., 1729; d. in Billancourt, Picardy, in 1792. He became midshipman in the French navy in 1746, and lieutenant in 1752, was commissioned a commander in 1772, and served during the whole of the war of American independence. He led the 1st division of the fleet under Admiral Count de Guichen, which defeated Lord Rodney off Dominique three times—17 April, 15 May, and 19 May, 1780—and was severely wounded in the first battle, which he gained for the French by a timely movement. He commanded a division of the fleet that under Count de Grasse blockaded the Chesapeake bay, and defeated the English on 5 Sept., 1781. He fought also under De Grasse in the battles off Dominique on 9 and 12 April, 1782, and in 1783 became a member of the Cincinnati and a knight of Saint Louis. In the following year he was made commodore, but retired in 1785. He published "Compte rendu a Sa Majeste Tres Fidele de Portugal des observations astronomiques et geographiques faites par Texpedition française sur les cotes de Portugal et du Bresil" (2 vols., Lisbon, 1755); "Remarques sur quelques points d'astronomie observes in Bresil " (2 vols., Paris, 1760); "Mirage extraordinaire observe avant le jour, 16 Juillet, 1763, dans les parages des Cayes, île de Saint Domingue" (1761); "Memoires sur les forces centripedes" (1771); and several technical works on the navy and naval constructions.
MAKEMIE, Francis, clergyman, b. near Rathmelton, County Donegal, Ireland, in 1658; d. in Accomack, Virginia, in 1708. After completing his academical and theological studies, he was licensed by the presbytery of Laggan in 1681, undertook a mission to Barbados, W. I., and was ordained sine titulo with a view of coming to this country. Subsequently he went to Somerset county, Md., where he is supposed to have founded the church in Snow Hill, and thence removed to Virginia, where, through his marriage with Naomi, the daughter of William Anderson, a wealthy merchant of Accomack county, he became possessed of property and engaged in trade with the West Indies, In 1691 he went to England, and, after his return in July, 1692, he was visited by George Keith, who had separated from the Society of Friends and was travelling through the southern provinces to promulgate his views. Keith wrote an examination of a "Catechism" that had been published in 1691 by Makemie, who replied to it in "An Answer to George Keith's Libel," which was printed and recommended by Increase Mather and other clergymen of Boston as "the work of a reverend and judicious minister" (Boston, 1694). His preaching incurred the anger of the Virginia clergy, and he was seized and carried before the governor at Williamsburg; but his vindication secured the governor's license to preach throughout the colony. In 1099 he obtained a formal license to preach agreeably to the requirements of the toleration act, and travelled from Maryland to South Carolina to supply feeble churches. In 1707, on his way to New England, Mr. Makemie preached in a private house in New York without a license, for which he was arrested by Gov. Cornbury and imprisoned for two months, and after his release he narrowly escaped arrest for a similar offence in New Jersey. He went soon afterward to Boston, where the sermon that he preached in New York was printed. He also published "A Narrative" of the affair, which was printed in 1855 by Hugh Gaine in New York and in Force's "Tracts." Cornbury wrote to the lords of trade and the plantations that Makemie was "a preacher, a doctor of physic, a merchant, an attorney, a counsellor-at-law, and, which is worst of all, a disturber of governments." In 1706 he aided in forming the Philadelphia presbytery, of which he was moderator. Two letters of Mr. Makemie, addressed to Increase Mather, dated 1684 and 1685, are preserved in the library of the Massachusetts historical society. He occupies a prominent place in the history of the Presbyterian church in this country. Besides the above-mentioned writings he published "Truths in a New Light" (Edinburgh, 1699); "A Plain and Friendly Persuasive to the Inhabitants of Virginia and Maryland, etc." (London, 1705); and a "Letter to Lord Cornbury" (Boston, 1707).
MAKIN, Thomas, poet, b. about 1665; d. in Pennsylvania in 1733. He was an early settler of Pennsylvania, and in 1689 was usher under George Keith in the Friends' grammar-school, succeeding him as master in 1690. For some time he was clerk of the provincial assembly. He was the author of two Latin poems addressed to James Logan, which were found among his papers at his death. They are entitled "Encomium Pennsylvaniæ" and "In laudes Pennsylvaniæ poema, seu descriptio Pennsylvaniæ," bearing the dates of 1728 and 1729. The second was published by Robert Proud, with an English translation, in his "History of Pennsylvania" (2 vols., Philadelphia, 1797-8).
MALARTIC, Anne Joseph Hyppolyte, Count de (mah-lar-tic), French soldier, b. in Montauban, 3 July, 1730; d. in Mauritius, 28 July, 1800. He entered the service in 1745, and was sent in 1749 as major to Quebec, where he was intrusted almost immediately with high commands and perilous missions. He defeated the English in several encounters, and was wounded, 3 July, 1758, in the attack on Fort Carillon, and again in the battles of 13 Dec, 1759, and 28 April, 1760, when at the head of his regiment he destroyed the works constructed by the English at that place. He was commissioned brigadier in 1763 and sent in 1707 to command in Guadeloupe, which he governed with efficiency till 1780, being very useful to the patriot cause during the war of American independence, and forwarding as early as 1777 men, guns, and munitions to
