founded "The Daily Press"' (now the "Pioneer Press "), and in the following year enlisted in the 7th Minnesota regiment, of which he became colo- nel, taking active part in two campaigns against the Indians. In 1863 he was assigned to the 16th army corps, and participated in several battles. He commanded a brigade at the battle of Nash- ville, 15 and 16 Dec, 1864, and on 13 March, 1865, was brevetted brigadier-general of volunteers for gallant and meritorious conduct. He was wounded at the siege of Mobile. From 1865 till 1869 he was governor of Minnesota, and he subsequently served as a railroad commissioner.
MARSTON, Gilman, legislator, b. in Orford,
Grafton co., N. H., 20 Aug., 1811; d. in Exeter,
N. H., 3 July, 1890. He was graduated at Harvard
law-school in 1840. The year following he was
admitted to the bar and began practice at Exeter,
where he afterward lived. He was a member of the
state house of representatives in 1845-'6-'7and 1848,
subsequently in 1872-'3-'6 and 1877, and during the
biennial terms of 1879-'80, '81-'82, '83-84, '85-'86,
and '87-88. In 1850 and 1876 he was a delegate
to the State constitutional convention. He was
elected as a Republican to congress, and re-elected,
serving from 5 Dec, 1859. till ^3 March, 1863. He
also took part in the civil war as colonel of the 2d
New Hampshire regiment, being promoted briga-
dier-general of volunteers, 29 Nov., 1862, and re-
ceiving severe wounds. On his return home at the
end of the war he was again elected to congress,
serving from 4 Dec, 1865, till 3 March, 1867. _ He
was also the Republican candidate for election to
the 45th congress, but was defeated by 43 votes.
MARSTON, John, naval officer, 'b. in Boston,
12 June, 1795; d. in Philadelphia, 7 April, 1885.
He carried the first news of Com. Isaac Hull's cap-
ture of the " Guerriere " to John Adams at Quincy,
and through the ex-president's influence was ap-
pointed a midshipman, his commission being dated
15 April, 1813. He saw some service during the
war of 1S12-'15, and later was on board the " Con-
stitution " when Lord Byron visited the famous
frigate. In 1825 he was promoted to the grade of
lieutenant, and was on board the " Brandywine "
when she conveyed Lafayette to France. In
1827-'9 he served in the Pacific squadron, and
again in 1833 and 1834. In 1840 he was assigned
to the frigate " United States," and in the follow-
ing year was commissioned commander. In 1850
he was assigned to the command of the " York-
town," on the coast of Africa, and he was in charge
of the Philadelphia navy-yard from 1853 till 1855,
being in the latter year made captain. Although
placed on the retired list in December, 1861, he
was assigned to the " Cumberland," of the Brazil
squadron, in which service he continued for a year,
when he was commissioned commodore, 16 July,
1862, and was in command of the frigate " Roan-
oke " at Hampton Roads when the " Merrimac "
destroyed the " Congress " and " Cumberland." He
was afterward made rear-admiral, and for several
years after the war was in charge of the navy-yards
at Portsmouth and Philadelphia, and of the naval
station at Key West. He also acted as a light-
house-inspector. In his many voyages he had
served under Commodores Rodgers, Hull, Perry,
and Chauneey, of the old navy, and had seen alto-
gether, before his retirement, half a century of ac-
tive service. His tastes were scholarly, and he was
a fine specimen of a gentleman of the old school.
He was a communicant of the Protestant Epis-
copal church. His eldest son, Matthew R.. entered
the regular army, and was brevetted major for gal-
lant conduct during the siege of Vicksburg.
MARTENS, Frederic, German explorer, b. in
Hamburg in 1635 ; d. there in 1699. He was the
son of a pilot, but followed the medical profession,
and made several voyages to North America as a
ship-surgeon. In 1671 he joined a whaler that
was bound for Spitzbergen, and visited the arctic
countries during a voyage of six months. Seven
years later he went to northern Canada and ex-
plored the territories around Hudson bay, suffer-
ing great hardships. He was the first to describe
accurately to Europeans the northern part of the
American continent. He published " Spitzbergische
und Gronlandische Reisebeschreibung " (Hamburg,
1675). This work was translated into English
(London, 1695), into French (Paris, 1715), into
Dutch (Amsterdam, 1695), and into Italian (Bo-
logna, 1680). He also published " Zweijahriger
Aufenthalt in den Territorien der Hudson's und
Baffin's Bay" (Hamburg, 1687), which was also
translated into several languages.
MARTIEN, William Stockton, publisher, b.
20 June, 1798 ; d. in Philadelphia, 16 April, 1861.
He was of Huguenot descent, and received a care-
ful religious training. From 1828 till 1834 he was
engaged in business in Philadelphia with James
Russell. In 1830, in connection with others, he
began the publication of the " Presbyterian," and
remained its publisher and principal owner until
his death. In 1833 he undertook the publication
of religious books, and as a member of the board
of publication of the Presbyterian church he issued
many standard works. He also served on the ex-
ecutive committee of the board of domestic mis-
sions. In 1846 he was elected and ordained a rul-
ing elder, which office he filled during the remain-
der of his life. Mr. Martien favored the largest
liberality in church work, and was accustomed to
declare that when an application was made to a
Christian from any worthy source, " a favor was
conferred upon him who was asked to give, and
not upon him who was to receive."
MARTIN, Adam, clergyman, b. in Biedershausen, Bavaria, 9 Aug., 1835. He came to this country early in life, was graduated at Hamilton college in 1858 and at Hartwick theological seminary in 1861. In September of that year he was ordained to the Lutheran ministry, and became pastor of St. Mark's church, Mid'dleburg, N. Y. In
1865 he was called to the presidency of North-western university, Wis. In 1869 he accepted the professorship of the German language and literature in Pennsvlvania college, Gettysburg, Pa., which post he liow (1888) holds. In "1887 he received the degree of D. D. from Muhlenberg col-
lege. Pa. He is a frequent contributor to the peri-
odicals of his church, and has translated the large
catechism of Luther for the " Book of Concord,"
edited by Prof. H. E. Jacobs. D. D.
MARTIN. Alexander, senator, b. in New Jersey about 1740 ; d. in Danbury, N. C, in November, 1807. He was graduated at Princeton in 1756, studied law, was admitted to the bar, and, after a brief sojourn in Virginia, settled in Guilford county, N. C, in 1772. Soon afterward he was
chosen a member of the colonial assembly, took part in the conventions of 1774-'5 that were called to vindicate the rights of the people, and in 1776- was appointed colonel of the 2d North Carolina regiment, with which he served at Germantown and the Brandywine. He was a member of the state -senate from 1779 till 1782, from 1785 till 1787,
and agam in 1788, and for some time served as its president. He was acting governor of the state in 1781, and the following year was chosen governor, being re-elected in 1789. In the interval he served
