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was consecrated bishop. In the midst of his labors came the cholera in 1832, and again in 1834, when he was active in his ministrations to the sick and dying. In 1821 he was made archdeacon of Que- bec, and in 1825 de- puted to go to Eng- land on church busi- ness. On 14 Feb., 1836, he was consecrated bishop, with the title of bishop of Montreal, and entered on his du- ties in the latter part of that year. He had been about ten days in Quebec when Bishop Stewart was obliged to retire from Canada, and the charge of the whole province devolved upon Bishop Mountain. The latter continued, under the title of bishop of Montreal, to adminis- ter this enormous dio-

cese (which has since

been divided into six) until 1839, when Upper Canada was made a separate see. The whole of Lower Canada remained under his supervision imtil 1850. In that year the see of Montreal was erected entirely through his exertions, and Bishop Mountain was elected to continue in charge of the poorer and by far more laborious part of his late field of labor, the present diocese of Quebec. Pre- viously, in 1844, at the request of the Church mis- sionary society, he had made a visit of three months to the Red river settlement. On his re- turn his journal was published by the Church mis- sionary society, and through the facts thus brought to notice, and also through the bishop's own ear- nest and repeated representations, the Red river settlement was erected into an episcopal see in 1849, under the name of the diocese of Rupert's Land. In 1842, by his exertions, the Church society was established. In 1844 he founded the Lower Can- ada church university. Bishop's college, Lennox- ville. This he always considered as the great work of his life, and he anxiously watched over its grogress. Besides many sermons and addresses, 'ishop Mountain published " A Journal of a Northwest American Mission " (London, 1843), and " Songs of the Wilderness," being a description of his Red river journey (1846). See a "Memoir" of him written by his son, Armine Wale (Montreal, 1866). — Another son of Jacob, Armine Siiiicoe Henry, soldier, b. in Quebec, Canada, 4 Feb., 1797 ; d. in India, 8 Feb., 1854, studied military science in Germany, and also became an expert linguist, speaking and writing most of the Euro- pean and several of the oriental tongues. He went to India as military secretary to Sir Colin Halkett, served as adjutant-general in the Chinese war, where he received three balls in his body, and afterward returned to India in the capacity of aide to Lord Dalhousie, then governor-general. At Chillianvallah he had charge of a brigade and received the thanks of Lord Gough for a brilliant attack which secured the victory. After the suc- cess at Gujerat he was promoted to the command of a division. He was taken ill of fever on the march from Cawnpore to Futtyghur, and died when in camp at the latter place. He had previously been made knight-commander of the bath. See " Memoir and Letters," by his widow (London. 1857 ; 2d ed., same year, with additions). — George Jehoshaphat's son, Armine Wale, Canadian cler- gyman, b. in Quebec, Canada, 2 July, 1823 ; d. in Stony Stratford, Buckinghamshire, England, 31 Jan., 1885, was graduated at University college and ordained by his father in 1846, Like him he devoted himself to the care of the poor in the sub- urbs of Quebec, while filling the office of evening lecturer in the cathedral, and acting as chaplain and secretary to the bishop. In 1855 he became rec- tor of St. Michael's Sillery, which was built through his exertions. In 1869 he left Canada for Eng- land, at once taking the rectorship of St. Mary's, Stony Stratford, where he remained until his death. At the request of the diocese of Quebec, he wrote a " Memoir " of his father (Montreal, 1866).

MOUNTCASTLE, Clara H., Canadian author, b. in Clinton, Ont., 26 Nov., 1837. She was edu- cated at Mount Pleasant, the family residence, and studied art, under John G. Howard, at Toronto. She was a teacher of drawing and painting from 1871 till 1884. Miss Mountcastle has received ten prizes for paintings in water-colors at exhibitions in Toronto, Hamilton. London, and Guelph. Her principal works are "The First of September " and "Wadsworth's Lake." An accident, which pre- vented her from teaching for four months, in 1878, turned her attention to literature, and she has since been a prolific and successful writer of poetry and prose, under the pen-name of "Caris Sima." She has published "The Mission of Love," "Lost," and other poems (Toronto, 1882) ; " A Mystery" (1886); and has now (1888) in preparation "Crow's Hollow," a Canadian novel.

MOUNTFORD, William, author, b. in Kid- derminster, England, 31 May, 1816; d. in Boston, Mass., 20 April, 1885. He studied at Manchester college, York, became a Unitarian preacher in 1838, and removed to the United States in 1849. He was settled for a time in Gloucester, Mass., but subsequently retired from the ministry and resided in Cambridge. He was an early convert to spiritualism. He published " Christianity the Deliverance of the Soul and its Life " (London, 1846 ; Boston, 1847) ; " Martyria : a Legend " (London, 1846) ; " Euthanasy, or Happy Talks to- ward the End of Life" (Boston. 1850); " Beauties of Channing " ; " Thorpe : a Quiet English Town and Life Therein" (Boston, 1852); and "Miracles Past and Present" (1870).

MOURA, Francisco de (mow'-oo-rah), Bra- zilian soldier, b. in Pernambuco in 1580 ; d. in Lisbon, Portugal, in 1657. He adopted a military career and served with credit in India, Flandei-s, and Brazil. When the Dutch conquered Bahia in 1624 he was sent, on 30 Nov. of that year, as gov- ernor-general to organize forces, and after the arrival of the Spanish-Portuguese fleet in March, , he attacked Bahia, and forced the Dutch to evacuate it, continuing to rule the country till . His services were rewarded with numerous gifts from the king, among others the fee-simple of Graciosa island in the Azores, and the appoint- ment of councillor of state.

MOURAILLE, Theodore Gustave (moo-ri), Flemish explorer, b. in Charleroi, Belgium, in 1594; d. in Bahia, Brazil, in 1651. He became a Jesuit, was employed for several years in the Peruvian missions, and in 1631 began a voyage of exploration through the then unknown countries that are watered by the Amazon. Crossing the Andes to the head-waters of that river, he descended it as far as the Napo, and, turning southward, advanced about 500 miles into the interior. Returning to Quito in 1638. he joined the expedition of Pedro Texeira, guiding him in territories that