Catholic Papers, Addresses, Lectures, and Sermons” (2 vols., 1875-'7). See “The Life and Work of William Augustus Muhlenberg,” by Anne Ayres (New York, 1880). — Gotthilf's grandson, Frederick Augustus, educator, son of Frederick A. Muhlenberg, M. D., b. in Lancaster, Pa., 25 Aug., 1818, was graduated at Jefferson college in 1836, and at Princeton theological seminary in 1838. He was licensed in 1854 by the Lutheran ministerium of Pennsylvania and ordained in 1855. In 1867 Pennsylvania college. Gettysburg, Pa., conferred on him the degree of D. D., and in 1887 he received that of LL. D. from Muhlenberg college, Allentown, Pa., and Franklin and Marshall college. He has been professor in Franklin college from 1838 till 1850, of Greek in Pennsylvania college from 1850 till 1867, first president of Muhlenberg college, Pa., from 1867 till 1876, and professor of the Greek language and literature in the University of Pennsylvania since 1876. As a Greek scholar and instructor, Prof. Muhlenberg takes a deservedly high rank. He is a frequent contributor to the periodicals of his church, having translated various articles from the German for the Gettysburg “Evangelical Review,” and written many valuable papers for the “Lutheran” and “Lutheran Church Review,” Philadelphia. He has published his “Inaugural Address” as president of Muhlenberg college (Allentown, Pa., 1867); “Semi-Centennial Address” at Pennsylvania college (Gettysburg, Pa., 1882); and other addresses.
MUIR, James, clergyman, b. in Cumnock,
Scotland, 12 April, 1757 ; d. in Alexandria, Va., 8
Aug., 1820. He was graduated at the University
of Glasgow in 1776, studied theology at Edin-
burgh, and was licensed as a dissenting minister
in London in 1779, after which he taught. In
1781 he was ordained an evangelist at the Scots
church in London, and accepted a call from a
company of Scotch Presbyterians in Bermuda,
where he remained for eight years, acting also as
principal of an academy. In 1788 he came to New
York, and in 1789 he was called to the Presbyte-
rian church of Alexandria, Va., which charge he
held until his death. In 1791 he received the de-
gree of D. D. from Yale. Dr. Muir was the author
of •' An Examination of the Pi-inciples contained
in the ' Age of Reason ' : In Ten Discourses " (1795)
and a volume of ten sermons preached on special
occasions (1812). — His son, Samuel C, physician,
b. in the District of Columbia about 1785 ; d. about
1832, was educated at Edinburgh, and joined the
U. S. aruiy as a surgeon on 7 April, 1813, but re-
signed his commission, 1 April, 1818, married the
daughter of a chief of the Sac or Fox Indians, and
was regarded as one of the greatest men of the
nation. About three years before his death he
practised medicine in Galena, 111., and during the
Black Hawk war he volunteered to stay the ravages
of a cholera epidemic in the army, but. after sav-
ing many soldiers, fell a victim to the disease.
MULCASTER, Sir William Howe, British na-
val officer, b. in 1785 ; d. in Dover, England, 2
March, 1837. He was a son of Maj.-Gen. Mulcas-
ter, of the royal engineers, and was made a lieu-
tenant in the navy early in 1800. He served
against the Spanish, and in January, 1809, at the
capture of Cayenne in the " Confiance," receiving
for his service a gold sword from the prince-regent
of Portugal. He became commander, 13 May,
1809, and was appointed to the " Emulous " sloop
on the Halifax station about October, 1810. He
captured '• L'Adele," letter of marque, 26 Aug.,
1811, and the "Gossamer," an American privateer,
30 July, 1812, and on 3 Aug. of that year the
" Emulous " was wrecked on Sable island. In
March, 1813, Capt. Mulcaster was appointed to the
" Princess Charlotte," then building on Lake On-
tario, and on 29 Dec, 1813, he was promoted to
post rank. On 6 May, 1814, soon after the launch-
ing of this vessel, he received, when storming Fort
Oswego, a dangerous wound, from which he never
recovered. He received a pension of £300 and was
nominated a companion of the bath.
MULFORD, Elisha, clergyman, b. in Montrose,
Pa., 19 Nov., 1833 ; d. in Cambridge, Mass., 9 Dec,
1885. He was graduated at Yale in 1855, began
the study of theology in Union theological semi-
nary, New York city, and subsequently continued it
in Halle and Heidelberg, Germany. He was or-
dained deacon in 1859, and priest in 1862. He was
occupied in ministerial labors, first in Darien,
Conn., in 1861, then in South Oi-ange, N. J., in
1861-4, and, after an interval of thirteen years, in
Priendsville, Pa., in 1877-81. From 1864 till 1877
he resided in his native town without parochial
charge, but after 1881 he made his home in Cam-
bridge, Mass., where he served as lecturer on apolo-
getics in the Episcopal theological school. He
received the degree of LL. D. from Yale in 1872.
Dr. Mulford belonged to the school of Coleridge
and Maurice in theological sentiment and expres-
sion, and is very much admired by those who sym-
pathize with what is termed " the union of the
utmost liberty of philosophic thought with Chris-
tian dogmas." His reputation is based on two
publications, which have gone through numerous
editions, " The Nation, the Foundation of Civil
Order and Political Life in the United States "
(New York, 1870), and " The Republic of God, an
Institute of Theology" (1881).
MULGRAVE, Coustantine John Phipps, Baron, English navigator, b. in England in 1744; d. in Liege in 1792. He early entered the British navy, commanded a northeast arctic exploring
expedition in 1773. and returned in the same year,
after reaching latitude 80° 41' N., beyond which
lay an impenetrable field of ice. Subsequently he
became commissioner of the admiralty, held other
important offices, and was made Baron Mulgrave,
16 June, 1790. At his death the English barony
became extinct, but his Irish barony devolved upon
his brother. — His brother, Henry Phipps, soldier,
b. in England, 4 Feb., 1755 ; d. there, 7 April, 1831,
was colonel of the 31st regiment of foot, governor
of Scarborough, and lord-lieutenant and custos
rotulorum of the East Riding in York county. He
served in the British army during the Revolution-
ary war, and was afterward a member of William
Pitt's cabinet, and was first lord of the admiralty
in 1807. He was a bitter opponent of Catholic
emancipation. On 7 Sept., 1812, he was raised to
the rank of Viscount Normanby and Earl of Mul-
grave. — Henry's son, Constautine Henry, first
Marquis of Normanby, Britisn statesman, b. in
Mulgrave castle. York. 15 May, 1797; d. in Hamil-
ton Lodge, South Kensington, 28 July, 1863. He
was educated at Harrow, and at Trinity college,
Cambridge, where he took his degree of M. A. in
1818. He entered parliament as a member for
Scarborough in that year, and made his first speech
in the house of commons in 1819 in favor of the
Roman Catholic claims. He shortly afterward
resigned his seat and retired to Italy. In 1822 he
was elected member for Higham Ferrars. and in
1826 he was chosen representative of the borough
of Malton, and gave his support to Mr. Canning's
administration. He was then a Liberal- and a
popular member of the lower house. He succeeded
his father as Earl Mulgrave in April, 1831, and in
