school at Baltimore in 1865, and in 1868 state su- perintendent of public instruction, in Which oflRce he continued. In 1877 he was president of the Na- tional educational association. With Prof. William R. Creery he published a series of text-books, en- titled " The Maryland Series," and he was the au- thor of annual state school reports (1868-'92).
NEWELL, Robert Henry, author, b. in New
York city, 13 Dec, 1836. From 1858 till 1862 he
was literary editor of the New York " Mercury,"
and he was employed as a writer on the New York
" World " from 1869 till 1874. when he became
editor of " Hearth and Home," a weekly journal,
and held this post until 1876. He is the author of
a series of papers on the civil war, published un-
der the pen-name of Orpheus C. Kerr (office-seeker)
(4 vols.. New York, 1862-'8) ; '• The Palace Beauti-
ful, and other Poems " (1865) ; " Avery Glibun, or
Between Two Fires," an American romance (1867) ;
" The Cloven Foot," an adaptation of " The Mystery
of Edwin Drood " to American scenes and charac-
ters (1870) -, a volume of poems entitled " Versa-
tilities " (1871) ; " The Walking Doll," a humorous
novel of New York life (1872)': " Studies in Stan-
zas " (1882) ; and " There was Once a Man " (1884).
NEWELL, Samuel, missionary, b. in Durham,
Me., 25 July, 1785 : d. in Bombay, India, 30 March,
1821. Pie was graduated at Harvard in 1807, at
Andover theological seminary in 1810, and was one
of the signers of the memorandum dated 27 July,
1810, from the students of that institution that led
to the formation of the American board- of com-
missioners for foreign missions. He was ordained
as a foreign missionary at Salem, with four associ-
ates, on 5 Feb., 1812, and sailed for Calcutta with
Adoniram Judson on 19 Feb. On his arrival the
Bengal government ordered him to leave the coun-
try, whereupon he went to the Isle of France,
thence to Ceylon, and finally in 1817 joined the
Rev. Gordon Hall in Bombay, in conjunction with
whom he wrote " The Conversion of the World, or
the Claims of Six Hundred Millions" (x
dover, 1818). — His wife, Harriet Atwood, missionary, b.
in Haverhill, Mass., 10 Oct., 1793 ; d. in the Isle of
France, 30 Nov., 1812, married Mr. Newell in
February, 1812, and accompanied him to India,
being one of the first female missionaries from the
United States. Her memoirs by her husband, with
her letters, entitled " Life and Writings of Mrs. Har-
riet Newell," have passed through several editions
and have been translated into several languages
(New York, 1831).
NEWELL, William Augustus, governor of
New Jersey, b. in Franklin. Ohio, 5 Sept.. 1819.
He was graduated at Rutgers college grammar-
school in 1836, studied medicine, and settled in
New Jersey. He was elected to congress from that
state as a Whig, serving from 6 Dec, 1847, till 3
March. 1851. From 1856 till 1860 he was governor
of New Jersey, and he was a delegate to the Na-
tional Republican convention in Baltimore in 1864.
He was elected to congress as a Republican repre-
sentative, serving from 4 Dec, 1865, till 3 March,
1867, on the committee on Revolutionary claims,
foreign affairs, and war debts of the loyal states,
and was a delegate to the Philadelphia " Loyalists"
convention " of 1866. He originated and procured
the first appropriation by congress of $10,000 for
the Life-saving stations on the New Jersey coast,
and was superintendent of Life-saving stations in
New Jersey from 1861 till 18()3. He was defeated
as a candidate for governor of New Jersey in 1877,
and in 1880 was appointed governor of Washing-
ton territory for a term of four years. He was In-
dian commissioner in that territorv in 1884-'6.
NEWMAN, Francis, statesman, b. in England
early in the 17th century ; d. in New Haven, Conn.,
18 Nov., 1660. He emigrated to New Hampshire
in 1638, and subsequently removed to the colony
of New Haven, where he became secretary under
the first governor. Theophilus Eaton. In 1653 he
was sent with others to wait on Gov. Peter Stuy-
vesant, of New Netherlands, to obtain satisfaction
for the encroachments of the Dutch upon the
colony. The same year Newman was appointed
assistant governor, and in 1854-'8 served as com-
missioner of the united colonies. In the latter
year he succeeded to the governorship, which office
he held until his death.
NEWMAN, Henry R., artist, b. in New York
city about 1833. Pie became an artist, lived in
New York state in 1861-'9, and since then has
had his studio in Florence, Italy. He is noted
for his water-color paintings of architectural sub-
jects, landscapes, and flower-pieces. During 1861-'9
he was a regular exhibitor at the Academy of
design, New York, contributing landscapes and
flower and still-life pieces. In 1877 he exhibited
at the academy a " View of Florence," and in
Florence in 1878 a "Study of Pink and White
Oleanders," and " Grapes and Olives." The sarne
year he sent to the Grosvenor gallery, London.
" Flowers " and " An Architectural Study." Many
of his studies are Florentine street scenes, and
of one of these, a drawing of Santa Maria No-
A'ella, John Ruskin wrote to him in 1877 : " I
have not for many and many a day seep the sense
of tenderness and depth of color so united, still
less so much fidelity and affection joined with a
power of design, which seems to me, though la-
tent, very great. To have made a poetic harmony
of color out of an omnibus-stand is an achieve-
ment all the greater in reality, because not likely
to have been attempted with all one's strength."
NEWMAN, John Philip, M. E. bishop, b. in New York city, 1 Sejit.. 1826; d. in Saratoga, 5 July. 1899. He was educated at Cazenovia, stud- ied theology, and entered the Methodist Episcopal
church in 1849. He spent the years 1860-1 travelling in Europe, Palestine, and Egypt, and in university study abroad. After preaching at Hamilton and AllDany, N. Y., and New York city, he
was sent in 1864 to New Orleans to labor in behalf of the Methodist Episcopal church in the south. He remained there five years, and established three annual conferences, two colleges, and
a church paper. He was called in 1869 to Washington, D. C, where he organized and became the pastor or the Metropolitan memorial Methodist church. From 1869 till 1874 he was chaplain of
the U. S. senate. In the latter year he was appointed inspector of U. S. consuls in Asia, and during his absence from this country he again visited Palestine. On his return he was the second time
appointed to the Metropolitan church, Washington, served three years, and was then transferred to the Central church. New York, where he remained three years. In the winter of 1882 he accepted a unanimous invitation to become pastor of Madison avenue Congregational church. New York city, where he served two years, when he resigned. He then visited California, and, after ministering to Gen. Grant in his last illness, was a third time appointed to the Metropolitan church, Washington, where he has served two years. Dr. Newman had been thrice elected to the
General conference of his denomination, served as a commissioner in 1876 to adjust the relations of the Methodist church, north and south, and in 1881 went to England as a delegate to the Methodist
