Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 4).djvu/715

by her step-brother, Barilli, and her brother-in-law, Maurice Strakosch. She could sing almost before she could speak, and at four years of age she had caught many of the principal airs of popular operas, which she sang correctly. When only seven years old she made her first appearance in public, at a con- cert in Tripler hall. New York, singing '• Casta diva" and " Una voce." She then made a tour of the British pi'ovinces with Strakosch and Ole Bull, sing- ing the principal songs and arias of Jenny Lind, Sontag, and other artists. In 1854 she

again appeared in

New York city, and then accompanied Gottschalk, the pianist, to the West Indies. She earned enough by this means to enable her parents to withdraw her from the stage, in order that her musical educa- tion might be completed. She did not sing again in public until she made her first appearance in Italian opera, on 24 Nov., 1859, at the Academy of music. New York, in Lucia. Her success in "this and other parts was immediate. On 14 May, 1861, she made her first appearance in London in " La Sonnambula," and she at once became a favorite in that city by her beauty, grace, and artistic skill. She sang in the autumn of 1861 at the Birmingham festival, and made her first appear- ance in Paris, 16 Nov.. 1862, afterward visiting Holland, Belgium, Austria and Prussia. After 1864 she was attached to the Italiens at Paris, but made visits to London, Baden, Brussels, and St. Petersburg. In the last-named city, in 1870, the emperor bestowed upon her the Order of Merit and the title of " First Singer of the Court." She sang A'ida in the Apollo theatre at Rome, and returned to Paris in 1874. From 1861 till 1880 she ap- peared every season at the Covent Garden concerts in London, besides making frequent tours in the British provinces, and appearing at the Handel festivals of 1865, 1877, and 1880. In 1881 she entered into an engagement with a New York manager to sing in the United States in a series of concerts during the season of 1881-'2. She sub- sequently appeared in opera in this country in 1882-'3, 1884-'5, and 1886-'7. In December, 1887, she began an extensive tour which was to include South America, Mexico, and the United States. Besides a voice of exceptional beauty, range, and flexibility, she possesses rare talents as an actress. Though too small of stature adequately to person- ate the leading characters in grand opera, her pre- eminence is indisputable in parts that require pathos and sentiment, or archness and coquetry. On 29 July. 1868, she married in London the Marquis de Caux, a French nobleman ; but she was divorced from him in 1885, and in 1886 she married Ernesto Nicolini, an Italian tenor, who died in 1898.

PATTIE, Sylvester, pioneer, b. in Bracken county, Ky., 25 Aug., 1782 ; d. in New Mexico about 1828. His father was born in Caroline county, Va., in 1750, and in 1781 emigrated to Kentucky, settled on the south side of the river of that name, and obtained employment as a carpen- ter and teacher. He was one of a jmrty that marched to the assistance of Bryant's station when that place was attacked. Sylvester emigrated to ^Missouri in 1812, and made his home at St. Charles. He was lieutenant of rangers in the war of 1812. and was left in comnumd of a detachment at the fort at Cap au Gris, which was shortly afterward attacked by a force of British and Indians. After the siege had continued a week, and Pattie had tried in vain to mduce two of his men to make their way through the enemy's lines, cross the Mississippi and apprise the commander at Belle- fontaine, forty miles distant, cf the jirecarious condition of the besieged, he disguised himself in the uniform of a dead British soldier and suc- cessfully performed the exploit, bringing back 500 men to the relief of the garrison. After the war had ended, Pattie built a saw- and grist-mill on the Gasconade river, sending down pine lumber in rafts to St. Louis. Here he remained until 1824, when, having lost his wife and become dissatisfied with his business, he decided to undertake an ex- pedition into New Mexico, where he died in cap- tivity among the Indians. This was one of the first expeditions from this cotmtry into that territory. — His son, James Ohio, b. in Bracken county, Ky., in 1804, accompanied his father, and to his pen we owe an account of the expedition. On his return his journal was edited by Timothy Flint and published under the title " The Personal Nar- rative of James 0. Pattie, of Kentucky, during an Expedition from St, Louis through the Vast Re- gions between that Place and the Pacific Ocean, and thence Back through the City of Mexico to Vera Cruz, during Journeyings of Six Years ; in which he and his Father, who accompanied him, suffered Unheard-of Hardships and Dangers, had Various Conflicts with the Indians, and were made Captives, in which Captivity his Father Died ; to- gether with a Description of the Country and the Various Nations through which they Passed " (Cincinnati. 1833).

PATTISON, Granville Sharpe. educator, b. near Glasgow, Scotland, in 1791 ; d. in New York city, 12 Nov., 1851. He was educated in Glasgow, and began his career as lecturer on anatomy at the Andersonian institute in that city. He then came to the United States, and was for several years professor of anatomy in the medical college at Baltimore. Returning to Europe, he held the same chair in London university. On again visit- ing this country he taught his specialty in Jeffer- son medical college, Philadelphia, until 1840, when he accepted a similar office in the medical school of the University of the city of New York, where he remained until his death. He published a translation of J. N. Masse's " Anatomical Atlas " (New York), and edited Jean Cruveilhier's "An- atomy of the Human Body." He contributed fre- quently to the " American Medical Recorder," and published several pamphlets on personal subjects.

PATTISON, James, British soldier, b. in 1724 ; d. in London, England, 1 March, 1805. He early entered the army, and was promoted captain of artillery, 1 Aug., 1757. He became lieutenant-colonel in 1761; colonel, 25 April, 1777; major-general, 19 Feb., 1779 ; lieutenant-general, 28 Sept.. 1787; and general, 26 Jan., 1797. He was appointed adjutant-general in America, 11 July 1776, and was sent home with despatches after the battle of Monmouth. N. J. He accompanied the expedition against Charleston, S. C, in 1780, and was chief in command at New York after the capture of that city. On his return to England he twice held a similar appointment at Woolwich arsenal.