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be printed at the expense of the state. Ephraim M. Wright and Nathaniel B. Shurtleff were appointed to take charge of the printing, and David Pulsifer, who was acknowledged to be especially skilful in deciphering the chirography of the 17th century, was charged with the copying. He had previously copied the first volume for the American antiquarian society. Of his work, Samuel F. Haven, in his introduction to the printed records in the “Archæologia,” says: “He unites the qualities of an expert in chirography with a genuine antiquarian taste and much familiarity with ancient records.” Mr. Pulsifer had edited the “Records of the Colony of New Plymouth in New England” (vols. ix. to xii., Boston, 1859-'61); “The Simple Cobbler of Aggawam in America” (1843); “A Poetical Epistle to George Washington, Esq., Commander-in-Chief of the Armies of the United States of America, by Rev. Charles H. Wharton, D. D.,” which was first published anonymously in Annapolis in 1779 (1881); and “The Christian's A. B. C.,” an original manuscript, written in the 18th century by an unknown author (1883). He is the author of “Inscriptions from the Burying-Grounds in Salem, Mass.” (Boston, 1837); “Guide to Boston and Vicinity” (1866); and an “Account of the Battle of Bunker Hill, with General John Burgoyne's Account” (1872). PULTE, Joseph Hippolyt, physician, b. in Meschede, Westphalia, Germany, 6 Oct., 1811; d. in Cincinnati, Ohio, 24 Feb., 1884. He was educated in the gymnasium of Söst and received his medical degree at the University of Hamburg. He followed his brother, Dr. Hermann Pulte, to this country in 1834, and practised in Cherrytown, Pa., but became a convert to homoeopathy, and took an active interest in forming the homœopathic academy in Allentown, Pa., which was closed in 1840. He then removed to Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1844 he founded, with others, the American institute of homœopathy in New York city, and in 1872 he established in Cincinnati the medical college that bears his name, where he was professor of the science of clinical medicine. In 1852 he was made professor of the same branch at the Homœopathic college of Cleveland, and he served as professor of obstetrics in 1853-'5. He contributed to various homœopathic journals, was an editor of the “American Magazine of Homœopathy and Hydropathy” in 1852-'4, and of the “Quarterly Homœopathic Magazine” in 1854; edited Teste's “Diseases of Children,” translated by Emma H. Cote (2d ed., Cincinnati, 1857); and was the author of “Organon der Weltgeschichte” (Cincinnati, 1846; English ed., 1859); “The Homœopathic Domestic Physician” (1850); “A Reply to Dr. Metcalf” (1851); “The Science of Medicine” (Cleveland, 1852); “The Woman's Medical Guide” (Cincinnati, 1853); and “Civilization and its Heroes: an Oration” (1855). PUMACAHUA, Matéo (poo-mah-cah'-wah), Peruvian insurgent, b. in Chinchero about 1760; d. in Sicuani, 17 March, 1815. He was cacique of his native tribe, but served with the royalists and aided in suppressing the revolution of 1780, headed by José Gabriel Condorcanqui. For his services he was appointed colonel of militia, and soon afterward he obtained the same rank in the army. At the beginning of the struggle for independence he served the royalists, and was appointed by the viceroy Abascal to maintain order in the province of Cuzco. With 3,500 men and the forces of another cacique, Manuel Choquehuanca, he pacified the whole territory, and Abascal recommended him to the king, who appointed him brigadier in 1811. In

1812, during an absence of Gen. Goyeneche, the viceroy appointed Pumacahua temporary governor of upper Peru and president of the royal audiencia. A sudden change now took place in his opinions, and when the revolution in Cuzco under José and Vicente Angulo began, 3 Aug., 1814, Pumacahua took part in it, and was appointed a member of the governing junta. On 9 Nov., in command of a division, he attacked and defeated the forces that defended the province of Arequipa, and took possession of the city. But on the 30th of the same month he left that place and went to Cuzco, and meanwhile Gen. Ramirez occupied the city. After two months' sojourn, occupied in organizing his forces and casting cannon, Pumacahua, at the approach of Ramirez, took up a strongly fortified position near Umachiri, which was stormed on 11 March, 1815. Pumacahua was totally defeated, and soon afterward hanged by order of Ramirez. PUMPELLY, Mary Hollenback Welles (pum-pel'-ly), poet, b. in Athens, Pa., 6 May, 1803; d. in Paris, France, 4 Dec., 1879. She wrote religious historical poems, including “Belshazar's Feast,” “Pilate's Wife's Dream,” “Herod's Feast,” and “An Ode to Shakespeare.” Some of these were collected and published in a volume (New York, 1852). — Her son, Raphael, geologist, b. in Owego, N. Y., 8 Sept., 1837, was educated at the polytechnic school in Hanover, and at the Royal mining school in Freiberg, Saxony, after which he travelled extensively through the mining districts of Europe for the purpose of studying geology and metallurgy by direct observation. In 1860 he was engaged in mining operations in Arizona, and during 1861-'3 he was employed by the government of Japan to explore the island of Yesso, after which he was engaged by the Chinese authorities to examine the coal-fields of northen China, and returned to the United States in 1866, after crossing Mongolia, central Asia, and Siberia, thus completing a geological journey around the world in the north temperate zone. During 1866-'75 he was professor of mining at the School of mining and practical geology at Harvard, and in 1870-'1 he conducted the geological survey of the copper region of Michigan, for which he prepared “Copper-Bearing Rocks,” being part ii. of volume i. of the “Geological Survey of Michigan” (New York, 1873). He was called upon in 1871 to conduct the geological survey of Missouri, and for three years devoted his energies to that task, preparing “A Preliminary Report on the Iron Ores and Coal Fields,” with an atlas for the report of the “Geological Survey of Missouri” (New York, 1873). When the U. S. geological survey was established in 1879, Prof. Pumpelly organized the division of economic geology, and as a special agent of the 10th census he planned and directed the investigations on the mining industries, exclusive of the precious metals, and prepared volume xv. of the “Census Reports” on “The Mining Industries of the United States” (Washington, 1886). During 1879-'80 he conducted at Newport, R. I., an elaborate investigation for the National board of health as to the ability of various soils to filter spores from liquids and from air. In 1881 he organized the Northern transcontinental survey, with reference to collecting information concerning the topographical and economic features of Dakota, Montana, and Washington territories, and had charge of the work until its cessation in 1884, also editing the reports of the survey. He then re-entered the national survey as geologist of the archæan division of geology, and remained there but a few years. Prof. Pumpelly is a member of