of fine arts, and for several years painted portraits in Philadelphia, but later devoted himself almost exclusively to marine and coast painting. He has exhibited at the academy, Philadelphia, and since 1S79 at the Academy of design, New York, to which city he came about 1882. He was awarded in 1882 the first prize for marine painting at the St. Louis exposition, in 1885 the first prize at the water-color exhibition of the American art association, and in 1886 a gold medal at the Prize fund exhibition. His paintings include “Looking down on the Sea from the Rocks at Magnolia, Mass.” (1884-'5); “A Missing Vessel” (1885); “Close of a Summer Day”; and “Evening, Gloucester Harbor” (1887).
REICHEL, Charles Gotthold, Moravian bishop,
b. in Hermsdorf, Silesia, 14 July, 1751; d. at
Niesky, Prussia, 18 April, 1825. He was educated
in the Moravian college and theological seminary of
Germany. In 1784 he came to this country in order
to open a boarding-school for boys at Nazareth,
which is still in existence, and over which he
presided, as its first principal, for sixteen years. Having
been appointed presiding bishop of the southern
district of the Moravian church, he was consecrated
to the episcopacy in 1801. During his residence at
Salem, N. C., the University of North Carolina
conferred on him the degree of D. D. In 1811 he was
appointed presiding bishop of the northern district
of the church, and removed to Bethlehem. In 1818
he attended the general synod at Herrnhut, Saxony,
after which he remained in Europe and retired from
active service. — His son, Levin Theodore, Moravian
bishop, b. in Bethlehem, Pa., 4 March, 1812;
d. in Berthelsdorf, near Herrnhut, Saxony, 23 May,
1878, accompanied his parents to Germany in 1818,
and was educated at the Moravian college and
theological seminary, but returned to the United
States in 1834. He had charge of the churches at
Schoeneck, Emmaus, Nazareth, and Lititz, Pa., and
subsequently labored at Salem, N. C. In 1857 he
attended the general synod at Herrnhut, which
body elected him to the mission board. This office
he filled until his death. On 7 July, 1869, he was
consecrated to the episcopacy at Herrnhut. He
paid official visits to the Danish West Indies and
to Labrador. He was the author of “ History of
Nazareth Hall, at Nazareth, Pa.” (Philadelphia,
1855); “The Moravians in North Carolina” (1857);
and “Missions-Atlas der Brüder-Kirche” (Herrnhut,
1860). An important history from his pen of
the American branch of the Moravian church
remains in manuscript. — Charles Gotthold's grandson,
William Cornelius, author, b. in Salem, N.
C., 9 May, 1824; d. in Bethlehem, Pa., 15 Oct.,
1876, was the son of Rev. Benjamin Reichel, of
Salem female academy. He entered Nazareth Hall
in 1834, and in 1839 the Moravian theological
seminary, where he was graduated in 1844. After serving
as tutor for four years at Nazareth Hall, he
became a professor in the theological seminary. In
1862 he was appointed to the charge of Linden Hall
seminary, Lititz, Pa., which he resigned in 1868.
From 1868 till 1876 he filled the duties of professor
of Latin and natural sciences in the seminary for
young ladies at Bethlehem. He was ordained a
deacon in June, 1862,and a presbyter in May, 1864.
Prof. Reichel did more than any one else to elucidate
the early history of the Moravian church in
this country. In addition to articles in “The
Moravian” and the local press, and a sketch of
Northampton county, prepared for Dr. William H. Egle's
“History of Pennsylvania,” he wrote “History of
Nazareth Hall” (Philadelphia, 1855; enlarged ed.,
1869); “History of the Bethlehem Female Seminary,
1785-1858” (1858); “Moravianism in New
York and Connecticut” (1860); “Memorials of the
Moravian Church” (1870); “Wyalusing, and the
Moravian Mission at Friedenshuetten” (Bethlehem,
1871); “Names which the Lenni Lennapé or Delaware
Indians gave to Rivers, Streams, and Localities
within the States of Pennsylvania, New Jersey,
Maryland, and Virginia, with their Significations,”
from the manuscript of John Heckewelder (1872);
“A Red Rose from the Olden Time, or a Ramble
through the Annals of the Rose Inn on the Barony
of Nazareth in the Days of the Province”
(Philadelphia, 1872); “The Crown Inn, near Bethlehem,
Pa., 1745” (1872); “The Old Sun Inn at Bethlehem,
Pa., 1758” (Doylestown, Pa., 1873); “A Register of
Members of the Moravian Church, 1727 to 1754”
(Bethlehem, 1873); and a revised edition of John
Heckewelder's “History, Manners, and Customs of
the Indian Nations who once Inhabited Pennsylvania
and the Neighboring States” (Philadelphia,
1876). He left unfinished “History of Bethlehem”
and “ History of Northampton County.”
REID, David Boswell, chemist. b. in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1805 ; d. in Washington, D. C., 5 April, 1863. He was educated at the 'University of Edinburgh, where he also studied medicine. After graduation he taught practical and analytical chemistry for four years at the university. In 1832
he erected a class-room and laboratory larger than any in Edinburgh, which he opened in 1833, and thereafter he had about 300 pupils annually in his
chemical classes. He was called in 1836 to make such alterations in the old house of commons as should secure its better ventilation, and in 1839 superintended similar changes in the house of peers. In 1840-'5 he had direction of the new houses. Subsequently he superintended the ventilation of St. George's Hall, Liverpool, and in 1842 was appointed a member of the " Health of towns commission." In this capacity he gave a course of lectures at Exeter Hall, and also visited and superintended the introduction of improved methods of ventilation and sewerage in most of the cities of the United Kingdom. In 1856 he came to the United States, and after various engagements, including that of professor of applied chemistry in the University of Wisconsin, he became one of the medical inspectors of the U. S. sanitary commission. Dr. Reid was a fellow of the Royal society of Edinburgh, and, besides scientific contributions to journals in the United States and Europe, published " Introduction to the Study of Chemistry" (Edinburgh, 1825); "Elements of Chemistry" (1832); "Text-Book for Students of Chemistry" (1834); "Rudiments of the Chemistry of Daily Life" (1836); "Outlines of the Ventilation of the House of Commons" (London, 1837); "Ventilation of the Niger Steamships" (1841); "Illustrations of the Theory and Practice of Ventilation, with Remarks on Warming" (1S44): "Ventilation in American Dwellings " (Xew York, 1858); and "Short Plea for the Revision of Education in Science" (St. Paul, 1861).
REID, David Settle, senator, b. in Rockingham county, N. C., 19 April, 1813; d. there. 19 June, 1891. He studied law, was admitted to the bar, and began to practise in 1834. In 1835 he was elected to the legislature, serving continuously until 1842, when he was elected a representative to congress as a Democrat, serving from 4 Dec., 1843, till 3 March, 1847. In 1848 he was the defeated Democratic candidate for governor of North Carolina, but he was afterward successful, and held the office in 1851-'5. He was then elected hi the I". S. senate as a Democrat, in place of Willie P. Mangum, serving from 4 Dec., 1854, till 3 March, 1859. He was chairman of the committees on patents, on the patent-office.
