was entrusted with important studies connected with the chemistry of wine. In 1885 he was ap- pointed state analyst of California, with charge of the examination of various food-products. Prof. Rising is a member of the Chemical society of Ber- lin, and of similar societies in this country. His writings include accounts of original investigations in scientific journals, and, in addition to his official reports, he has published the results of his special studies prepared at the instance of the state board of health and other state bodies.
RISLEY, Samuel Doty (riz'-ly), physician, b. in
Cincinnati, Ohio. 16 Jan., 1845. He entered the Na-
tional army in 1862 as a private, served three years,
and attained the rank of sergeant. He was gradu-
ated at the University of Iowa in 1868, at the medi-
cal department of the University of Pennsylvania
in 1870, and settled in Philadelphia. After his
appointment as surgeon to the dispensary staff of
the Episcopal hospital he abandoned general prac-
tice, devoting himself to eye and ear diseases, be-
came chief of the dispensary for these diseases on
the opening of the hospital of the University of
Pennsylvania in 1875, lecturer on ophthalmoscopy
in its medical department in 1877, and subse-
Siently assistant surgeon there in the same branch,
e is a member of various medical societies, and
has invented an optometer with perimeter attach-
ment for measuring errors of refraction in the
human eye and mapping the field of vision, and
an ophthalmoscope with cylindrical lenses, securing
a wide range of spherico-cylindrical lenses. He
has published numerous papers on his specialty,
which include "The More Frequently Occurring
Forms of Conjunctival Disease" (1877), and the
" Mydriaties Compared" (1884).
RISTORI, Adelaide, Italian actress, b. in Cividale,
Friuli, 29 Jan., 1822. Her parents, who were
comedians, placed her upon the stage at a very early
age, and she soon gained reputation in comedy,
Soldoni's plays being her favorite pieces. She
subsequently turned to tragedy, and attained
eminence in that line. After her marriage with the
Marquis Giuliano Capranica del Grillo she withdrew
from the stage for several years. In 1855 she
made her début in Paris, where she met with great
success. During the succeeding ten years Ristori
made various tours in Europe, visiting all of the
principal cities. In September, 1866, she began
her first American tour, which lasted until May of
the following year, and during 1869 she travelled
through South America. In May, 1874, she began
a journey around the world, in the course of which
she appeared again in South America and in
Mexico, going thence to the United States. Her
last visit to this country was during the season of
1884-'5, and lasted seven months. During this
time, besides appearing in her principal roles, she
played in “Macbeth” with Edwin Booth, and gave
also one performance of “Mary Stuart” at the
Thalia theatre, speaking English, while the other
actors spoke German. The tragedies in which she
especially excels are “Queen Elizabeth,” “Marie
Antoinette,” “Maria Stuart,” “Myrrha,”
“Francesca de Rimini,” “Macbeth,” “Pià dei Tolomei,”
and “Medea.” Her autobiography, which is largely
made up of analyses of her acting in some of her
best roles, has been translated and published
under the title “Studies and Memoirs” (London,
England, 1888) and in the “Famous Women”
series (Boston, Mass., 1888).
RITCH, John Warren, architect, b. in Putnam
county, N. Y., 22 June, 1822. He came to New
York in 1831, and, after spending eleven years in
the office of William Hurry, the architect, he estab-
lished himself in 1846 in the practice of his pro-
fession in New York city, where he has since con-
tinued. Among his important works in New York
city are the Bank of commerce, the Union dime
savings bank, the buildings of the American ex-
press company and the Merchants' despatch com-
pany. St. Luke's hospital, the State emigrant hos-
pital, the Nursery and child's hospital, and the
artificial islands and Quarantine hospital in the
lower bay. He also designed and erected the
bridge that crossed Broadway at Fulton street
from 1867 till its removal two years later. During
1847-'8 he edited the " American Architect."
RITCHIE, Alexander Hay, artist, b. in Glas-
gow, Scotland, 14 Jan., 1822; d. in New Haven,
Conn.. 19 Sept., 1895. He studied under Sir Will-
iam Allan, receiving a premium during the first
year. In 1841 he came to New York, whence, after
several years, he removed to Brooklyn, where he af-
terward resided. He was elected an associate of the
National academy in 1863 and an academician in
1871, and had exhibited frequently at the academy
since 1848. Mr. Ritchie was known both as a paint-
er and as an engraver. His works in oil include
"Mercy knocking at the Gate" (1860); "Fitting
out Moses for the Fair " (1862) ; " Death of Lincoln "
(1869); "Baby, who's that!" (1871); and numerous
portraits, among which are those of Prof. Charles
Hodge (1863) and Dr. James McCosh (1870).
Among his numerous engravings, mostly executed
in the mezzo-tinto manner, are "Amos Kendall";
"Mercy's Dream " (1850); "George Washington,"
after a painting by Peter F. Rothermel (1852) ; and
" Lady Washington's Reception-Day," after Daniel
Huntington: "On the March to the Sea," after
Felix 0. C. Darley (1868) ; and " Henry Clay " (1848),
"Washington and his Generals," and "Death of
Lincoln," after his own paintings. He had en-
graved a large number of portraits.
RITCHIE, David, revenue officer, b. in Eng-
land in 1836 ; d. in Bay Shore, L. I.. 3 March, 1874.
He was appointed to the U. S. revenue service from
the District of Columbia in 1862 as 3d lieutenant,
and became 1st lieutenant in 1867, and captain in
1871. While in command of the revenue steamer
" Moccasin," 30 Aug., 1872, he went to the rescue
of the passengers and crew of the steamer " Metis,"
which was wrecked off Watch Hill, R. I. He and
his crew picked up forty-two persons out of a
rough and dangerous sea and recovered seventeen
dead bodies. For this service Capt. Ritchie and
his command received the thanks of congress by
joint resolution, 24 Jan., 1873.
RITCHIE, John William. Canadian jurist, b. in Annapolis, 26 March, 1808: d. in Halifax. 13 Dec., 1890. He was the son of Thomas Ritchie, a Nova Scotia judge, of Scottish origin. He was educated at Pictou, and was admitted to the bar of Nova Scotia in 1832, and to that of Prince Edward island in 1836. In 1850 he was a commissioner for consolidating the statutes of Nova Scotia, and subsequently to adjust the tenant's right question in Prince Edward island. In 1864 he became a member of the executive council of Nova Scotia, and in 1867 he was appointed to the Canadian senate. In June, 1870, Mr. Ritchie was appointed judge of the supreme court of Nova Scotia, and in 1873 he became judge in equity. His brother, Sir William Johnstone, Canadian jurist, b. in Annapolis, N. S., 28 Oct., 1813 ; d. in Ottawa, Canada, 25 Sept.. 1892, studied law with his brother, and was admitted to the bar of New Brunswick in 1838. He was appointed queen's counsel in 1854, and was a member of the executive council of the province from October, 1854, until he was appointed puisne judge of
