ROYALL, Anne, editor, b. in Virginia, 11 June, ITii'.i; il. in Washington, D. C., 1 Oct., 1854. She wa- -tolen by the Indians in early life, and remained with them for fifteen years. Afterward she mar- ried a Capt. Royall and settled in Alabama, where she learned to rend and write. Subsequently she iv moved to Washington, D. C., where she secured an nlil Kaiiiage printing-press and a font of bat- tered type, and with the aid of journeymen print- ers published on Capitol hill a small weekly sheet called the " Washington Paul Pry." and afterward the " Huntress." John Quincy Adams described her as going about " like a virago-errant in en- chanted armor, redeeming herself from the cramps of indigence by the notoriety of her eccentricities and the forced currency they gave to her publica- tions." She was a prominent character during the succeeding administrations, and John W. Forney says : " She was the terror of politicians, and espe- cially of congressmen. I can see her now tramp- ing through the halls of the old capitol, umbrella in hand, seizing upon every passer-by and offering her book for sale. Any public man who refused to buy was certain of a severe philippic in her newspaper. . . . She was a woman of great indus- try and astonishing memory, but at last .-he seemed to tire of a vocation which grew more and more un- profitable with better times and milder manner-." At last she became so unendurable that she was formally indicted by the grand jury as a common sci ild. and was tried in the circuit court before Judge William Cranch, and sentenced to be ducked, ac- cording to the English law in force in the District of Columbia ; but she was released with a fine. Mrs. Royall was the author of "Sketches of Ili-tm-y. Life, and Manners in the United States by a Trav- eller " (New Haven. 1836) ; " The Tennessean, a Nov- el founded on Farts " i ls-,>7> ; The Black Book, or a Continuation of Travels in the United States " (Washington, 1828); "The Black Book, or Sketch- es of History, Life, and Manners in the United States" (3 vols., 1829); "A Southern Tour, or a Second Series of the Black Book " (2 vols., 1830-'!) ; and "Letters from Alabama" (1830).
ROYALL. Isaac, b. in Antigua in 1719: d. in
England in October. 1781. He was a wealthy resi-
lient nf Medford, which he represented for many
years in the general court. For twenty-two years
he was a member of the executive council. He
participated in the French war, and was appointed
brigadier-general in 1761, being the first resident
of New England to bear that title. During the
Revolution he sympathized with Great Britain,
and left this country on 16 April, 1775. He was
proscribed, and his estate was confiscated in 1778,
and it is said that "to carry on his farm after his
departure was found to be sometimes difficult, for
the honest man's scythe refused to cut Tory grass,
and his oxen would not plough Tory ground."
Among numerous bequests, he left 2,000 acres of
land in Worcester county, Mass., for the endow-
ment of a law professorship in Harvard. This was
established in 1815, and is known by his name.
The town of Royalston, Worcester co., Mass., was
named for him. One of his daughters married the
younger Sir William Pepperell.
ROYALL, William Bedford, soldier, b. in Vir-
ginia, 15 April, 1825; d. in Washington, 13 Dec.,
1895. He took part in the Mexican war as 1st lieu-'
tenant of Missouri mountain volunteers, and did
good service at the capture of Pucbla de Taos and in
t he skirmish with Comanche Indians on Coon creek.
He returned tn civil life in ( vtober. ]s |s. [ M recog-
nition of his gallantry he received a commission in
the regular army, dating from 3 March, 1855, and
he participated in an expedition to the headwaters
of Conchos river in the following year. In 1859 he
won great credit by a brilliant defence of his camp
against hostile Comanches. Escaping from Texas
in the beginning of the civil war, he was commis-
sioned as captain, 21 March, 1861, and was engaged
at Falling Waters, the siege of Yorktown. Vill-
iamsburg, Hanover Court-House, where he earned
the brevet of major, and Old Church, where he cut
through the enemy to escape capture, receiving
sabre wounds which disabled him for several years.
He was brevetted lieutenant-colonel, was made a
major on 7 Dec., 1863, and during the remaining
period of the war was engaged in recruiting ser-
vice. On 13 March, 1865, he was brevetted colonel.
In 1868 he took the field against the hostile In-
dians in Kansas, commanding in a combat at Prai-
rie Dog creek. For a part of the time he was the
commander of the Republican river expedition of
1869, and was engaged in several affairs with the
hostile Indians. He was promoted lieutenant-colo-
nel on 2 Dec,, 1875, and in 1876 took part in the
Yellowstone expedition, and was engaged at Rose-
bud creek and in other actions. He was promoted
colonel of cavalry on 1 Nov., 1882, and retired
from active service on 19 Oct., 1887.
ROYCE, Josiah, author, b. in Grass Valley.
Nevada co.. Cal., 20 Nov.. 1855. He was graduated
at the University of California in 1875, studied at
Leipsic and GiHtingen in 1875- ? 6, and in 1876-'8
was a fellow of Johns Hopkins university, where
he obtained the degree of Ph. D. in 1878. He was
instructor in English literature and logic at the
University of California in 1878-'82, and from 1882
till 1885 instructor in philosophy at Harvard, and
since 1885 he has been assistant professor of philoso-
phy there. He is the author of "A Primer of Logi-
cal Analysis, for the Use of Composition Students "
(San Francisco, 1881); "The Religious Aspect of
Philosophy: a Critique of the Basis of Conduct
and Faith" (Boston, 1885); "California from the
Conquest in 1846 to the Second Vigilance Com-
mittee: a Study of American Character," in the
"American Commonwealth" series (1886); "The
Feud of Oak field Creek : a Novel of ( 'a 1 i f i >niia Life
(1887) : and "The Spirit of Modern Philosophy."
ROYCE, Stephen, governor of Vermont, b. in
Tinmouth, Vt., 12Aug., 1787; d. in East Berkshire,
Vt., 11 Nov.. 1868. He was graduated at Middle-
bury in 1807, studied law, and was a member of
the legislature from Sheldon, Franklin county, in
1815-'16, and from St. Albans. Franklin county,
in !S22-'4. From 1825 till 1827, and from 1829
till 1852, he was judge of the supreme court of
Vermont, and he served as chief judge from 1846
till 1852. He was governor of Vermont in 1854-'6.
The University of Vermont gave him the degree
of LL. D. in 1837. His nephew. Homer Elilm,
jurist, b. in East Berkshire, Vt,, 14 June, 1820 ; d.
in St. Albans, Vt., 24 April, 1891. He was admit-
ted to the bar in 1842, and practised in his native
town. He was a member of the state house of rep-
resentatives in 1846-'7 and 1862. prosecuting attor-
ney for Franklin county in 1848-'9, and state sena-
tor in 1849-'51, and was elected to congress as a Re-
publican, serving from 7 Dec., 1857, till 3 March,
1861. From 1870 till 1882 he was associate judge
of the supreme court of Vermont, and since 1882
he had been chief judge. He was a delegate to
the National Republican convention of 1868.
ROYE, Edward James, president of Liberia, b. in Newark, Ohio. :i Feb.. 1S15; d. near Monrovia, Liberia. 12 Feb., 1872. He was educated at the high-school in his native town and at Ohio university, Athens. Ohio. Emigrating to Liberia in
