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book-form include "Manual of Missions of the Reformed Church in America" (New York, 1878); "Poems of the Household" (Boston, 1883); "Home Fairies and Heart Flowers" (New York, 1887); and several Sunday-school books. Her most successful poems are "Our Own," "The Sin of Omission," and "Are the Children at Home?"

SANKEY, Ira David, evangelist, b. in Edinburgh, Lawrence co., Pa., 28 Aug., 1840. His father, David, was for many years a state senator, president of a bank, and an editor. As a boy, Ira displayed a great liking for music. The family removed to New Castle, Pa., where, at the age of fifteen, he united with the Methodist church, of which his parents were members. He became leader of the choir, superintendent of the Sunday-school, and president of the Young men's Christian association in the town. In 1870 he was delegated to the Indianapolis international convention of the last-named body, where he first met Dwight L. Moody. Since that time he has been associated with him in his evangelistic work as a singer, and has attained a wide reputation. His melodies, whether composed by Mr. Sankey or selected, are simple, pleasing, and effective, readily caught, and easily remembered. On 23 April, 1886, he presented to the town of New Castle, Pa., as a free gift, a Young men's Christian association building, equipped with gymnasium, reading-rooms, halls, school-rooms, and an art gallery, and since then he has also given a valuable building-site to the church with which he was first connected. Mr. Sankey, however, does not confine himself exclusively to singing: he has always taken an active part in the inquiry-room, and of late has addressed meetings very acceptably. He has a fine baritone voice, and accompanies himself on the harmonium, singing solos, and also leading the audiences. Mr. Sankey's compilation of "Sacred Songs and Solos" has been translated into many languages, and has had a larger circulation than any other book of hymns.

SAN MARTIN, José de, Argentine soldier, b. in Yapeyu, 25 Feb., 1778 ; d. in Boulogne, France, 17 Aug., 1850. At the age of eight years he was sent to Spain, where he was educated in the College of the nobility, and, entering the army in 1791, served with credit during the French invasion. Being promoted lieutenant-colonel, he left the army to offer his services in the cause of South American independence, and arrived in Mnivh, 1812, in Buenos Ayres. The government commis- sioned him, with the rank of colonel, to organize a regiment of mounted grenadiers, with which he took part in the campaign against the viceroy Vigodet, whom he defeated, 13 Jan., 1813, at San Lorenzo. On 18 Jan., 1814, he was appointed commander-in-chief of the army in upper Peru, to replace Belgrano; but, seeing that the Spanish power in America could not be broken until it should be attacked from the Pacific coast and de- prived of the rich resources of Peru, he matured a scheme for an invasion of Chili, and, under the pretext of feeble health, retired from the command of the army and went to the province of Cuyo as governor in September, 1814. There, with the co- operation of the Chilian emigrants, he organized the famous army of the Andes, and, obtaining the assent and tacit aid of the Argentine director, Pueyrredon, he set out with his army on 21 Jan., 1817, from Mendoza. Misleading the Spanish generals by t'aNe reports, he crossed the Andes un- der great difficulties by the pass of Uspallata, and, surprising tin- Spanish at Chacabuco, totally routed them on 12 Feb., entering the capital triumphantly on the loth. He was elected supreme chief of the republic, but declined and proposed O'Higgins, only reserving the command of the auxiliary Ar- gentine army. The sum of $10,000. offered" him by the municipality he also refused, dedicating it to the foundation of a library in Santiago. After the surprise of the united army by the Spaniards at Cancha Rayada, 19 March. 1818, he reorganized his forces and totally defeated the royalists at Maipo on 5 April of that year, liberating Chili from the Spanish yoke. After a visit to Buenos Ayres, he returned in October to Chili, and soon be^ gan to organize, with O'Higgins, a fleet and army for the invasion of Peru. In May, 1820, he was called with his troops to Buenos Ayres, but disobeying, as no established government ex- isted in the Ar- gentine, he was proclaimed by his army an in- dependent chief, and on 20 Aug.

sailed with an

army of 4,500 men on Admiral Cochrane's fleet from Valparaiso, landing on 7 Sept. at Pisco. After a brilliant campaign he entered Lima, which had been abandoned by the Spaniards on 12 July, 1821, and on 27 July proclaimed the independence of Peru, being elected on 3 Aug. by the municipality chief of the government, under the title of protector. During his short administration he abolished slavery and the tribute that had been levied on the Indians, and introduced many other reforms, especially in the system of education. He sent the famous regiment of mounted grenadiers to assist Bolivar in his struggle for independence in Ecua- dor, and, seeing the importance of united action, he met him in Guayaquil on 25 July, 1822. What passed at this interview is unknown, but on his return to Lima, San Martin resigned on 22 Aug., and, leaving part of his army to assist Gen. Sucre, he went to Europe, where he established himself in Brussels. In 1828 he returned to Buenos Ayres shortly after the battle of Ituzaingo, and, finding his country plunged in intestine troubles, returned to Brussels, as he had made a vow never to un- sheath his sword in civil war, and in 1830 sell led in Paris. Chili, Buenos Ayres, and Peru have erected statues in his honor. The one in Buenos Ayres is shown in the engraving.

SAN MARTIN, Tomfis de. Spanish - American bishop, b. in Cordova, Spain, in 1482 : d. in Lima, Peru, in 1554. He entered the Dominican order, and was appointed regent of studies in the College of St. Thomas, Seville. While here he asked to be sent to Santo Domingo as missionary to the Indians. He arrived in that island in 1525. and at once sided with Las Casas in defending the rights of the natives. He was president of the royal audience of Santo Domingo till 1529, when he went to Spain in the interests of the colony. Learning that a body of Dominicans were about to follow Pizarro to Peru, he resigned his title of president, and went with them. He remained in San Miguel de Piura when Pizarro marched to meet Atiihualpii at Caxamiircn, but entered Cuzco after it> rapture, and thru went to the province of Charcas,