and of the military divisions of the Atlantic and of the East. In 1894 he became colonel, in 1896 quar- termaster-general, and was retired in 1898.
SAWTELLE, Henry Allen, clergyman, b. in
Sidney, Me., 11 Dec., 1832 ; d. in Waterville, Me.,
22 Nov., 1885. His early years were spent on a
farm, lie was graduated at Colby university in
1854, and at Newton theological institution in 1858,
after which he was ordained pastor of a church in
Limerick, Me., but in 1859 he went as a missionary
to China, remaining there until 1861, when he re-
signed, owing to impaired health. From 1802 till
1874 he was pastor of Baptist churches in San Fran-
cisco, editing there the " Evangel" and the "Spare
Hour." Subsequently he had charges in Chelsea,
Mass., and Kalamazoo, Mich. Hillsdale college,
Michigan, gave him the degree of D. D. in 1874.
Dr. Sawtelle contributed to the "Bibliotheca Sacra"
and the " Baptist Quarterly," and was the author
of " Things to Think of " (San Francisco, 1873).
SAWYER, Frederick Adolphus, senator, b. in
Bolton, Mass., 12 Dec., 1822; d. in Sewanee, Tenn.,
31 July, 1891. After teaching for several winters
he was graduated at Harvard in 1844, and continued
to teach in various towns in Maine, Massachusetts,
and New Hampshire till 1859, when he took charge
of the normal school in Charleston, S. C. He passed
through the lines to the National forces in 1864,
and, going to New England, made many speeches
in advocacy of the re-election of President Lin-
coln. In February, 1865, he went to Charleston
again and took an active part in the reconstruction
of South Carolina. He was appointed, on 30 May,
collector of internal revenue for the 2d district of
South Carolina the first civil appointment in the
state after the war was elected to the State con-
stitutional convention, but was unable to take his
seat, and afterward chosen to the U. S. senate for
the term that ended in 1873. In that body he
served on the committees on private land-claims,
education in the District of Columbia, pensions, and
appropriations. Mr. Sawyer was one of the leaders
in opposition to the re-election of Gov. Franklin
J. Moses. On 19 March, 1873, he became assistant
secretary of the treasury, which office he held till
June, 1874. From that time till 1880 he was en-
gaged in private business, being also connected
with the coast survey for some time. Then he was
a special agent of the war department till 1887,
and since that time he had conducted a preparatory
school in Ithaca, N. Y.
SAWYER, Frederick William, author, b. in
Saco, Me., 22 April, 1810 ; d. in Boston, Mass., 6
Sept., 1875. He removed to Boston in June, 1838,
where he began to practise law in 1840, and estab-
Whims," which had previously appeared in the
Boston " Transcript " under the signatures of
" Carl " and " Canty Carl " (I860).
SAWYER, Horace Bucklin, naval officer, b. in
Burlington, Vt., 22 Feb., 1797 ; d. in Washington,
D. C.. 14 Feb., 1860. He entered the navy as mid-
shipman, 4 June, 1812, and became lieutenant, 1
April, 1818. commander, 9 Dec., 1839, and captain.
12 April, 1853. He served on the " Constitution "
when she took the " Cyane " and " Levant " in 1815,
and in the suppression of piracy in the West In-
dies and the Mediterranean, in the " Spark " and
" Warren," respectively. In 1856 the legislature
of Vermont gave him a handsome sword for his
services in the second war with Great Britain.
SAWYER, Leicester Ambrose, clergyman, b.
in Pinckney, N. Y., 28 July, 1807; d. in'Whites-
boro'. N. Y., 2!) Dec., 1898. He was graduated at
Hamilton, studied theology at Princeton, and was
ordained to the Presbyterian ministry. He was
pastor of various churches in New York and Con-
necticut, and was president of Central college, Ohio,
in 1842-'7. From his entrance into the ministry
he devoted himself to the study of the Bible in the
original tongues, and finally, abandoning the com-
monly received doctrine of the inspiration of the
Scriptures, he left the Presbyterian church in
1854, and until 1859 was pastor of a Congregational
church in Westmoreland, N. Y. Since 1860 he
has resided at Whitesboro, N. Y., where he has engaged in literary work, and was for a time connected with the Utica " Morning Herald." He has published " Elements of Biblical Interpretation "
(New Haven. 1836) ; "Mental Philosophy " (1839) ; "Moral Philosophy" (1845); "Critical Exposition of Baptism " (Columbus, Ohio, 1845) ; " Organic Christianity, or the Church of God " (1854) ; " Reconstruction of Biblical Theories, or Biblical Sci-
ence Improved " (1862) ; and " Final Theology,
Vol. I., Introduction to the New Testament. His-
toric, Theologic, and Critical " (Whitesboro, N. Y.,
1879). He also made a new translation of the
New Testament (Boston, 1858), and his "American
Bible," with critical studies, was in course of pub-
lication in numbers (1860-'88). His cousin, Loren-
zo, jurist, b. in Le Ray, N. Y., 23 May, 1820; d. in
San Francisco, Cal., 7 Sept., 1891. He worked on
his father's farm, and, after removing to Pennsyl-
vania and then to Ohio, finished his studies at West-
ern Reserve college. He then studied law, was ad-
mitted to the bar in 1846, and, after successive re-
movals to Illinois and Wisconsin, went in 1850 to
California, where he worked for some time in the
mines. He settled in Sacramento in the practice
of his profession, and, after a brief residence in
Nevada, went, in 1853, to San Francisco, where he
afterward remained. lie became city attorney in
1854, was appointed judge of the district court of
the state in 1862, and in 18(53 was elected a justice
of the state supreme court, of which he was chief
justice in 1868-'70. In the latter year he became
U. S. circuit judge for the 9th circuit, embracing
all the Pacific states. Judge Sawyer's decisions,
both as a state and a Federal judge, have been
highly commended. In 1877 Hamilton college
gave him the degree of LL. D. He had delivered
numerous public addresses, including one at the
laying of the corner-stone of Leland Stanford, Jun-
ior, university, 14 May, 1887, of whose board of
trustees he was chosen president.
SAWYER, Lemuel, politician, b. in Camden
county, N. C., in 1777; d. in Washington, D. C., 9
Jan., 1852. He was educated at Flatbush academy,
Long Island, N. Y., studied law, and was admitted
to the bar, but, instead of practising, devoted him-
self to politics. He served in the legislature in
1800-'l, having been chosen as a Democrat, was a
presidential elector in 1804, and served in con-
gress in 1807-'13, 1817-'23, and 1825-9. He was
eccentric in his conduct, of dissipated habits, and
negligent of his legislative duties, yet he was re-
elected repeatedly, often over powerful opponents.
His prodigality and good-fellowship, though they
made him many friends, brought him near to pov-
erty in the closing years of his life. In 1850 he
removed to Washington, where he was a clerk in
one of the departments till his death. He pub-
lished a " Life of John Randolph " (New York,
1844), and an "Autobiography" (1844). and was
also the au thor of several plays.
SAWYER, Philetus, senator, b. in Whiting, Vt., 22 Sept., 1816. When he was a year old his
