companied Maj. Thomas Lewis to the Kanawha, participating in the action against the Indians in which Maj. Lewis was killed. On his return he found Maryland agitated by the beginning of the Revolution. He supported the British government so earnestly that his house was surrounded by armed troops, which threatened his capture. Es- caping twice, he fled to Virginia, hiding in the Dismal Swamp, passed the guards at Suffolk, and enlisted in the Queen's royal regiment in Norfolk. The officers were seized by a company of riflemen at Hagerstown and taken to Frederick, Md. Smyth escaped, and travelled across the Alleghanies, but was recaptured and imprisoned in Philadelphia, and afterward in Baltimore. Escaping again, he gained with difficulty a British ship off Cape May, N. J., and visited New York and New England. Sulisei|iiently he published "A Tour in the United States of America" (3 vols., London and Dublin, 1784; in French, Paris, 1791). John Randolph of Roanoke said : " This book, although replete with t'al-i'lioM'l and calumny, contains the truest picture of the state of society and manners in Virginia (such as it was half a century ago) extant."
SMYTH, Thomas, clergyman, b. in Belfast,
Ireland. 14 July, 1808 : d. in Charleston, S. C., 20
Air.'.. l s ;^l. I Ir wa^ i-diu-ali'il in Hi'lla-l and Lon-
don, and in 1830 came with his parents to New
York. He entered Princeton theological seminary
in the same year, was ordained in 1831, and from
1832 until his death was pastor of the 3d Presby-
terian church of Charleston, S. C. Princeton gave
him the degree of D. D. in 1843. He collected a
valuable theological library of about 12.000 vol-
umes, and was the author of a large number of
books, among which are "Lectures on the Prelati-
cal Doctrine of Apostolic Succession " (Boston,
1840) ; " Ecclesiastical Catechism of the Presby-
terian Church " (1841) ; " Presbytery and not Prel-
acy the Scriptural and Primitive Polity" (1843;
Glasgow, 1844) ; " History, etc., of the Westminster
Assembly" (New York, 1844); "Calvin and his
Enemies" (Philadelphia, 1844); " Prelatical Rite
of Confirmation Examined " (New York, 1845) :
" The Name, Nature, and Functions of Ruling Eld-
ers" (1845); "Union to Christ and His Church"
(Edinburgh, 1840); "The Unity of the Human
Races proved to be the Doctrine of Scripture,
Reason, and Science" (New York, 1850; Edin-
burgh, 1851); "Nature and Claims of Young
Men's Christian Associations "(Philadelphia, Is57i:
"Faith the Principle of Missions" (1857); "Win-
Do I Live "(1857); "Well in the Valley " (1857) ;
and " Obedience, the Life of Missions " (1860).
SMYTH, Thomas Alfred, soldier, b. in Ireland ;
d. in Petersburg, Va., 9 April, 1865. In his youth
he emigrated to this country, settling in Wilming-
ton, Del., where he engaged in coach-making. At
the beginning of the civil war he raised a com-
pany in Wilmington and joined a three months'
regiment in Philadelphia, serving in the Shenan-
doah valley. On his return he was made major of
a Delaware regiment, rose to the ranks of lieuten-
ant-colonel and colonel, and commanded a brigade,
winning a high reputation for bravery and skill.
For gallant conduct at Cold Harbor, Va., he was
appointed brigadier-general, U. S. volunteers, on 1
Oct., 1864. He was mortally wounded by a sharp-
shooter near Farmville, Va., on 6 April, "1865.
SMYTH, William, educator, b. in Pittston,
Kennebec co., Me., in 1797; d. in Brunswick. Me.,
3 April, 1868. He received a common-school edu-
cation, afterward taught a school at Wiscasset, and
at the same time prepared himself for college, lie
was graduated at Bowdoin in 1822, studied theol-
ogy at Andover, and in 1825 was made adjunct
professor of mathematics at Bowdoin, being ap-
pointed in 1828 to the full chair, which he held
until his death. In 1845 he became adjunct pro-
fessor of natural philosophy. He was the author
of numerous valuable text-books, which had an ex-
tensive sale. These include Elements of Algebra "
(Brunswick, Me., 1833); "Elementary Algebra for
Schools" (1850); "Treatise on Algebra" (1852):
" Trigonometry, Surveying, and Navigation "
(1855) ; " Elements of Analytical Geometry" (1855) ;
"Elements of the Differential and Integral Cal-
culus" (1850; 2d ed., 1859); and "Lectures on
Modern History," edited by Jared Sparks (Boston,
1849). His son, Egbert Coffin, clergyman, b. in
Brunswick, Me., 24 Aug., 1829. was graduated at
Bowdoin in 1848 and at Bangor theological semi-
nary in 1853. He was professor of rhetoric at
Bowdoin in 1854-'6, and of natural and revealed
religion from 1856 till 1863, since which time he
has been professor of ecclesiastical history at An-
dover theological seminary. Since 1878 he has been
also president of the faculty. Bowdoin gave him
I he degree of D. D. in 1866, and Harvard the same
in 1886. He has edited the " Andover Review "
since its foundation in 1884, and, in addition to
pamphlet sermons and a lecture on the " Value of
the Study of Church History in Ministerial Edu-
cation " (1874). has published, with Prof. William L.
Ropes, a translation of Gerhard Uhlhorn's " Conflict
of Christianity and Heathenism "(New York, 1879).
Another son, Samuel Phillips Newman, cler-
gyman, b. in Brunswick, Me., 25 June, 1843, was
graduated at Bowdoin in 1863, and began to study theology at Bangor. He then taught in the naval academy at Newport, R. I., entered the military service as 1st lieutenant of a Maine regiment, became acting quartermaster, and commanded his company in the advance on the Weldon railroad. Va. At the close of the war he resumed his theological studies, and after graduation at Andover
in 1867 was pastor of a mission chapel in Providence. R. I. He was pastor of the 1st Congregational church in Bangor, Me., in 1870-'5, and of the 1st Presbyterian church in Quincy, 111., in
ls7r,-'82. Since 1882 he has had charge of the 1st
Congregational church in New Haven, Conn. The
University of the city of New York gave him the
degree of D. D. in 1881, and elected him professor
of intellectual and moral philosophy, which chair
he declined. He is the author of "The Ueli^iou-
Ft-eling. a Study for Faith" (New York, 1S77);
" Old Faiths in New Light " (1879) : " The Ortho-
dox Theology of To-Day" (1881); and a volume of
sermons entitled " The Reality of Faith " (1884).
SMYTH, Sir James Carmichael, Uirt., Brit-
ish soldier, b. in London, 22 Feb., 1779; d. in
Georgetown, Demerara, 4 March. 1838. His father,
James Carmichael Smyth, was physician extraor-
dinary to George III. The son entered the British
army, served in Canada in 1825-'26, and became a
major-general in 1825. He was made a baronet in
1821, and was governor of British Guiana from
June, 1833, till his death. He prepared for the
private use of the Duke of Wellington "A Precis
of the Wars in Canada from 1755 till the Treaty of
Ghent in 1814" (London, 1826; 2d ed., 1862). "
SNEAD. Thomas Lowndes, soldier, b. in Henrico county ,Va., 10 Jan., 1828 : d. in New York city, 17 Oct., 1890. He was graduated at Richmond and at the University of Virginia, was admitted to the bar. and removed to St. Louis, where he was editor and proprietor of the " Bulletin " in I860-'!. He was aide-de-camp of Gov. Claiborne F. Jackson, and adjutant-general of the Missouri state guard
