Page:Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography (1900, volume 5).djvu/679

Wilson's Creek, Rolla, and other places, and was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers, 28 Sept., 1861. He led a division at New Madrid, and the commanding general reported that he was "especially indebted" to Gen. Stanley for his "efficient aid and uniform zeal." Subsequently he was complimented for his " untiring activity and skill " in the battle of Island No. 10. He took part in most of the skirmishes in and around Corinth and in the battle of Farmington. In the fight near the White House, or Bridge Creek, he repelled the enemy's attack with severe loss, and he was especially commended by Gen. William S. Rosecrans at Iuka. At Corinth he occupied the line between batteries Robinett and Williams, and was thus exposed to the severest part of the attack of the enemy, and, although other parts of the line gave way, his was never broken. Gen. Stanley was appointed major-general of volunteers on 29 Nov., 1862. He bore an active part in most of the battles of the Atlanta campaign, and as commander of the 4th army corps he took part in the battle of Jonesboro'. After Gen. George H. Thomas was ordered to Nashville, Gen. Stanley was directed on 6 Oct. to command the Army of the Cumberland in his absence. Until he was severely wounded at Franklin, he took an active part in all the operations and battles in defence of Nashville. His disposition of the troops at Spring Hill enabled him to repel the assault of the enemy's cavalry and afterward two assaults of the infantry. A few days afterward, at Franklin, he fought a desperate hand-to-hand conflict. Placing himself at the head of a reserve brigade, he regained the part of the line that the enemy had broken. Although severely wounded, he did not leave the field until long after dark. When he recovered he rejoined his command, and, after the war closed, took it to Texas. He had received the brevets of lieutenant-colonel for Stone River, Tenn., colonel for Resaca, Ga., brigadier-general for Ruff's Station, Ga., and major-general for Franklin, Tenn., all in the regular army. He was appointed colonel of the 22d infantry, and spent a greater part of the time up to 1874 in Dakota. In command of the Yellowstone expedition of 1873, he successfully conducted his troops through the unknown wilderness of Dakota and Montana, and his favorable reports on the country led to the subsequent emigration thither. In 1874 he went with his regiment to the lake stations, and in 1879 moved it to Texas, where he completely suppressed Indian raids in the western part of the state. He also restored the confidence of the Mexicans, which had been disturbed by the raid that the U. S. troops made across the boundary in 1878. He was ordered to Santa Fe, N. M., in 1882, and placed in command of the district of New Mexico. While he was stationed there, and subsequently at Fort Lewis, complications arose at various times with the Navajos, Utes, and Jicarillas, all of which he quieted without bloodshed. The greater part of his service has been on the Indian frontier, and he has had to deal with nearly every tribe that occupies the Mississippi and Rio Grande valley, thus becoming perfectly acquainted with the Indian character. In March, 1884, he was appointed a brigadier-general in the regular army, and assigned to the Department of Texas. Gen. Stanley was retired in June, 1892.

STANLEY, Frederick Arthur, Lord, governor of Canada, b. in London. England, 15 Jan.. 1841. He is the youngest son of the fourteenth Earl of Derby, and brother of the late earl. After re- ceiving his education at Eton, he entered the Grenadier guards in IS'jS. became lieutenant and captain in 1862, and retired from the army in 1865. He represented Preston in parliament, as a Con- servative, from July, 1865, till December, 1868, when he was elected for North Lancashire. He was lord of the admiralty from August till Decem- ber, 1868, and financial secretary for war from February, 1874, till August, 1877, when he became financial secretary to the treas- ury. ( In 2 April, 1878, he was appoint- ed secretary of state for war, which port- folio he held till he went out of office with his party in April. 1880. Iii the government of Lord Salisbury he was sec- retary of state for the colonies from June, 1885, till Feb- ruary, 1886, and in the cabinet of Au- gust, 1886, he was appointed president

of the board of trade,

and raised to the peerage with the title 'of Lord Stanley of Preston. In June, 1888, he was ap- pointed governor-general of Canada, in succession to the Marquis of Lansdowne, who had been ap- pointed governor-general of India. In 1864 Lord Stanley married Lady Constance, eldest daughter of the fourth Earl of Clarendon. His elder brother being childless, he in 1893 succeeded to the earl- dom of Derby, and returned to England.

STANLEY, Henry Morton, explorer, b. near Denbigh, Wales, in 1840. His name was originally John Rowlands. He was placed in the poor-house at St. Asaph when he was three years old, remaining there and being educated for ten years. In 1855 he sailed as a cabin-boy to New Orleans, where he was adopted by a merchant, whose name he took instead of his own. This merchant died without leaving a will, and young Stanley enlisted in the Confederate army, was taken prisoner, and subsequently volunteered in the U. S. navy, serving as acting ensign on the iron-clad “Ticonderoga.” At the close of the war he went as a newspaper correspondent to Turkey. In 1868 he accompanied the British army to Abyssinia as correspondent of the New York “Herald.” When he was in Spain in the service of the same paper he was asked by its proprietor, in October, 1869, to go and find Dr. David Livingstone, the African explorer, of whom nothing definite had been heard for more than two years. After attending the opening of the Suez canal, visiting Constantinople, the Crimea, Palestine, the valley of the Euphrates, Persia, and India, Stanley sailed from Bombay, 12 Oct., 1870, and reached Zanzibar, on the eastern coast of Africa, early in January, 1871. There he organized his search expedition and set out for the interior on 21 March with 192 followers. On 10 Nov. he found Dr. Livingstone at Ujiji, on Lake Tanganyika, where he had just arrived from the southwest. Stanley furnished Dr. Livingstone with supplies, explored the northern part of Lake Tanganyika with him, and remained till February, 1872, when Livingstone set out on that journey from which he never returned, while Stanley made his way back to the coast, sailing thence on 14 March, 1872, and reaching England late in July. The British association entertained him at Brighton, where, on 16 Aug., he gave an account of his expedition. On 27 Aug. the