waukee, Wis., and practised law until 1861. On 17 May. 1861. he was made colonel of the l- Vi consin volunteers, took part in the battles of Fall- ing Waters. 2 July, 1861, and Edward's Ferry, 29 July, 1861. and was mustered out on 21 Aug., 1861. Reorgarizing his regiment for three years, by spe- cial order of the war department, he again enlisted, and served in Kentucky and northern Alabama. He participated in the battle of Perryville. Ky., 8 Oct., 1862. He was also engaged at Stone river. 31 Dec., 1862. and 1-2 Jan., 1863. and remained on duty at Murfreesboro, Tenn.. until 23 June, 1863. He was appointed brigadier-general of U. S. volun- teers on 17 July, 1863, commanded brigades and divisions in the Army of the Ohio and in the Army of the Cumberland, participated in the attack at Chickamauga, 19-21 Sept., 1863, where he was wounded, in battles around Chattanooga, Tenn., 2M-25 Nov., 1803. and in the assault and capture of Mission Ridge, Tenn.. 23-25 Nov., 1863. He served on the court-martial that tried Gen. Will- iam A. Hammond, surgeon-general, U. S. army (q. v.), and, after commanding several posts in Tennessee and Alabama, he was mustered nut of the army on 11 May, 1865. After farming for several years in Wisconsin, and occupying posts of importance and trust, he removed to Wa-lnni,'- ton, D. C., where he engaged in practice, having been admitted to the bar in 1857. His cousin, Henry Howard, lawyer, b. in Preston. New Lon- don co., Conn., 29 April, 1826 ; d. in Washington, D. C., 28 Jan., 1876, was educated in public schools, studied law, was admitted to the bar. served in the Connecticut legislature in 1856. and was a delegate to the National Republican conventions that nomi- nated Lincoln in 1860 and Grant in 1868. In 1861 he was appointed by President Lincoln to be |>o-,t- master at Norwich, and he was reappointeil by President Johnson in 1865, but resigned in 1SIJ6. He was then chosen to congress as a Republican, and served from 4 March, 1867, until his death, being thrice reelected.
STARNES, Henry, Canadian statesman, b. in
Kingston, Ontario, 13 Oct., 1816 : d. in Montreal,
3 March, 1896. His grandfather, a loyalist, settled
in Canada in 1783. Henry was educated at Mont-
real college, and was for several years a mem-
ber of the firm of Leslie, Starnes and Co., whole-
sale merchants in Montreal. He represented Cha-
teauguay in the Canadian assembly from 1857 till
1863, when he retired. He became a member of
the executive council, province of Quebec, in 1878,
speaker of the legislative council in 1879, was com-
missioner of railways in 1882-'4, and commiion. r
of public works in the Taillon ministry for a short
time in 1887. Mr. Starnes had been warden of
Trinity house, manager of the Ontario bank in
Montreal, president of the Shedden County rail-
way, and mayor of Montreal in 1856 and 186'6.
STARR, Alfred Adolphus, lecturer, b. in New
York city, 25 Jan., 1820. He was educated in pri-
vate schools in New York and in Mendham, N. J.,
after which he entered mercantile life, which he
abandoned in 1845, and began to deliver lectures,
which he illustrated with a crude solar microscope
made of pasteboard. Afterward he made an oxy-
hydrogen microscope, and several years later he
procured a fine apparatus. He has given more
than 2,500 lectures and exhibitions before schools
and colleges, and was also connected with Phineas
T. Barnum. Using a microscope of enormous
power, he projected living specimens on his screen,
and, being a skilful manipulator, regulated their
performances with dexterity, showing water-insects
and animalcules feeding upon or fighting with
each other. He was one of the first to procure a
patent (1858) to light railroad-car.-, with iras.
STARR, Elizii Allan, author, b. in Deerfield,
Mass., 2!) Aug.. 1824. She received her education
in her native town, became a member of the Roman
I 'at In 'lie church in 1850. and has since devoted her-
self principally to the study of Christian art. In
]s5i; >he removed to Chicago. She has published
a volume of poems (1867), and "Patron Saints"
(New York, 1871).
STARR, Frederick Ratchford, author, b. in
Halifax, Nova Scotia. 19 June. 1821 ; d. in Phila-
delphia, 27 April, 1889. He became president of an
insurance company in Philadelphia, but retired in
1870 and established at Litchfield, Conn., Echo
farm, a dairy and stock-farm that has become
widely known. Later the Echo farm company was
organized by him, which controls large creameries
throughout a great part of Litchfield county.
Mr. Starr served in the Connecticut legislature in
1883-'4, and had been interested in temperance and
other reforms. He had lectured and is the author
of Didley Dumps, the Newsboy" (Philadelphia,
1866) : " May I Not ? or Two Ways of looking
through a Telescope " (1867) ; " What Can I Do ? a
Question for Professing Christians" (1867: revised
ed., 1887) ; " Farm Echoes " (New York, 1881) ; and
"From Shore to Shore" (Philadelphia, 1887).
STARRS, William, clergyman, b. in Drum-
quin, County Tyrone, Ireland, in 1807; d. in New
ork city, 6 Feb., 1873. After receiving a good
classical education, he studied theology at May-
nooth college, near Dublin, Ireland, came to this
country in 1828, was received into the diocese of
New York, completed his theological course at St.
Mary's seminary, Baltimore, and in 1834 was or-
dained a priest at St. Patrick's cathedral in New
York, remaining curate there for ten years. In
1844 he was made pastor of St. Mary's church in
Grand street, New York, serving until 1853, when
he was appointed rector of St. Patrick's cathedral
and vicar-general of the archdiocese of New York.
A ft i T the death of Archbishop Hughes in 1864. Dr.
Starrs was administrator of the diocese until the
succeeding bishop was appointed, to whom he
acted as theologian in the plenary council in Balti-
more in 1866, and also filled this office at two
councils of the province. For twenty years he was
the spiritual superiorof the Sisters of Charity, and
|ire-idrnt of the trustees of St. Vincent's hospital,
lie was instrumental in instituting the Sisters of
Mercy and Sisters of the Good Shepherd.
STAUGHTON, William, clergyman. 1). in Coventry, Warwickshire, England, 4 Jan., 1770: d. in Washington, D. C., 12 Dec., 1829. He was graduated at the Baptist theological institution, Bristol,
in 1792, and the next year came to this country, landing at Charleston. After preaching for more than a year at Georgetown. S. C., he removed to New York city, and thence to New Jersey, residing
for some time at Bordentown, where, in 17'X. !i> was ordained, and then at Burlington. At the bitter place he remained until 1805, when he accepted a call to the pastorate of the 1st Baptist church of Philadelphia. After a successful ministry there of six years, he identified himself with a new enterprise, which resulted in the formation of a church and the erection of a large house of worship on Sansom street. His pastorate of this church, ex- tending from 1811 till 1822, was one of great success. Besides preaching regularly three times mi Sunday and once or twice during the week, he was the principal of a Baptist theological school. In 1822 he was called to the presidency of Columbian college, D. C., which office he resigned in 1827, and
