Sullivan's priority of invention being fully shown. In 1824 he was appointed by President Monroe associate civil engineer of tKe board of internal improvements, which post he resigned in 1825, after reporting the practicability of a canal across the Alleghanies. He then studied medicine, re- ceived his degree at Yale in IS! 7. and engaged in practice at New Haven, adopting the views of the homoeopathists. In 1847 he removed to New York. Dr. Sullivan made some important inventions and discoveries in medicine and surgery, and published pamphlets on steamboat navigation. John Lang- don's son, Thomas Rnssell, clergyman, b. in Brookline, Mass., in 1799; d. in Somerville, Mass., 23 Dec., 1862, was graduated at Harvard in 1817, was settled as a Unitarian minister at Keene, X. H.. in 1825-'35. and taught in Boston from 1835 till his death. He published " Remarks on Robin- son's Sermon on the Divinity of Christ " (Keene, N. H.. 1826); "Letters aga'inst the Immediate Abolition of Slavery " (Boston. 1835) ; " Limits of Responsibility in Reforms " (1861) ; and other con- troversial writings. He edited sermons on " Chris- tian Communion."
SULLIVAN. Michael, Canadian educator. I'.
in Killarney, County Kerry, Ireland, 13 Feb.. l>:l-v
He came to Canada in 1842, and settled with his
parents at Kingston, where he was educated at
Regiopolis college, and graduated as a phy-iciaii
at Queen's college in 1858. After practising four
years in that place, he was appointed in 1 V|
turer in anatomy in Queen's college, and upon the
establishment of the Royal college of physicians
and surgeons in affiliation with Queen's, he be-
came its professor of anatomy. He is now (1888)
professor of surgery and histology in the same col-
lege and of anatomy in the Female medical college,
a trustee of Kingston hospital, and a member of the
Ontario medical council, and was president of the
Medical association of Canada in 1883. He was
mayor of Kingston in 1874 and 1H75. an unsuc-
cessful candidate for the Dominion parliament in
the Conservative interest in 1882, and was ap-
pointed senator, 29 Jan., 1884. He was purveyor-
general during the northwest rebellion in 1885, and
received the thanks of the minister of militia.
(SULLIVAN, Peter John, soldier, b. in County
Cork, Ireland, 15 March, 1821 ; d. in Cincinnati.
Ohio. 2 March, 1883. He was descended from Gen.
William O'Sullivan of the British army, came to
this country with his parents when he was two
years old, passed his early years in Philadelphia,
and was educated at the University of Pennsylva-
nia. He omitted the prefix " O " from his name
on reaching manhood. He served through the
Mexican war, attaining the rank of major, and at
its close was appointed an official stenographer in
the U. S. senate. In 1848 he removed to Cincin-
nati, studied law, and was a draughtsman for the
U. S. topographical corps. In 1855 he was deet-
ed colonel of the German regiment and contrib-
uted toward the suppression of the Know-Noth-
ing" riots of that year. At the opening of the
civil war he raised four regiments at his own ex-
pense, was commissioned colonel of the 48th Ohio
'>lunteer infantry, and was present at Shiloh,
where he captured a Confederate flag anil was
wounded three times. In consequence of his in-
juries he was unfitted for service for nine months.
but he was present at the fall and capture of
Vi"k-lnirg. was post-commander at Memphis and
Fort Pickering, and during the last days of the
war was the pre-iding judge of the military court
mi-. He was Inwi-tied brigadier-general of
volunteer,, K! M.-nvii. I^IM, for gallant and meri-
torious services, and immediately after was ap-
pointed by President Johnson minister to the
United States of Colombia, serving till lsG9. when
his health compelled him to resign. He subse-
quently practised occasionally in the U. S. su-
preme court, in the court of claims, and in the
fovernment departments at Washington, D. C.
le was the author of the Don Felix Letters, or
Pen- Portraits of Members of the Bar."'
SULLIVANT. William Starling, botanist, b. in Franklinton, near Columbus, Ohio, 15 Jan., 1803 ; died in Columbus. 30 April, 1873. He was educated at Ohio university, and at Yale, where he was graduated in 1823. The death of his father, Lucas, prevented him from studying a profession, and he was called to the charge of the family property. This duty led to his becoming a surveyor and practical engineer, which occupation he followed until late in life. Meanwhile he turned his attention to botany, and collected and studied the plants of central Ohio, publishing ' A Catalogue i if Plants, Native or Naturalized, in the Vicinity of Columbus, Ohio " (1840). Soon afterward he turned his attention to mosses, which became the subject of his special study until he was recognized as the most accomplished bryologist that this country has ever produced, and it is doubtful whether his superior existed anywhere. His first publication in this branch of botany was " Musci Alleghanienses " (2 vols., 1845), the materials for which were collected on a botanical excursion along the Alleghany mountains from Maryland to Georgia in 1843. His next work of importance was " Contributions to the Bryology and Hepaticology of North America "(2 parts, 1846-'9), which appeared originally in the "Memoirs of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences." The description of the Musci and Hepatica? in the second edition of Gray's "Manual of the Botany of the Northern United States " was prepared by him and issued separately as "The Musci and Ilepatica' of the United States East of the Mississippi River" (New York, ls.~>iii. In association with Leo Lesquereux (q, r.) he published " Musci Boreali American! Exsiccati " 1 1 v,i; containing the results of a journey through the mountainous parts of the southern states. He examined the specimens that were collected by Charles Wright in Cuba, and issued " Musci Cubensis" (1860); also those gathered by August Fendler in Venezuela and by Charles Wright on the North Pacific exploring expedition, but the results had not been published at the time of his death. The mosses collected by the South Pacific exploring expedition under Capt. Charles Wilkes. and those of the Pacific railroad exploration under Lieut. Amid W. Whipple. were examined by him, and his results appeared in the government's reports of the expeditions. His greatest work was " Icones Muscorum " (1864; Supplement. 1*74). consisting of figures and descriptions of most of those mosses peculiar to eastern North America that had not been represented up to that time. The name of Sullivantia Ohionis was given by his associate.-. A-a Gray and John Torrey. to a rare saxifragaceous plant which he had discovered in Ohio. The de- gree of LL. D. was conferred on him by Gambier in 1864, and, besides his membership in scientific societies in che United States and Europe, lie was elected to the National academy of -eienee- in 1872. His bryological books and his collections and preparations of mn--e- were _rhen to the Gray herbarium of Harvard university, and the remainder of his botanical library, his choice microscopes, and other collections were bequeathed to the University of Ohio and to Starling medical college, which
