d. in Shakopee, Minn., 5 Dec., 1891. He in 1831 became a professing Christian, and in May, 1834, in advance of all other organized effort on the part of the churches, and having no connection with any society, he and his brother, GIDEON HOLLISTER (b. in June, 1810; d. in January, 1878). entered the Dakota country, now the state of Minnesota, and began to labor as missionaries to the Indians of that tribe and the garrison at Fort Snelling. Re- turning to Connecticut, Samuel was ordained a minister of the Congregational church, 7 March, 1837, and the following October became connected with the American board. He was subsequently stationed in Minnesota at Lake Harriet, Fort Snell- ing, Oak Grove, and Prarieville, being released from the service of the board in September, 1854. He afterward held pastorates in various parts of the same state, where he continued to reside. The Pond brothers were the first to reduce the Dakota lan- guage to writing. They also collated the majority of the words contained in the Dakota dictionary by Rev. Stephen R. Riggs (g. i:). They had pre- viously studied Hebrew. Greek, Latin, French, and German. He has published, in connection with his brother, " The History of Joseph in the Language of the Dakota, or Sioux, Indians, from Genesis" (Cincinnati, 1839); " Wowapi Inonpa, the Second Dakota Reading Book " (Boston, 1842) ; and other translations into the same language. He is also the author of " Indian Warfare in Minnesota" in the " Collections " of the historical society of that state.
POND, William Adams, music-publisher, b. in
Albany, N. Y., 6 Oct., 1824 ; d. in New York city,
12 Aug., 1885. He was educated in private schools
in New York city, and at an early age entered his
father's music business. He became well known as
a publisher, and at the time of his death was presi-
dent of the United States music publishers' asso-
ciation. Col. Pond performed some military ser-
vice as an officer during the civil war, and was
for many years colonel of the veteran corps of the
7th New York regiment.
PONS. Francois Raymond Joseph de. French
traveller, b. in Souston, Santo Domingo, in 1751 ;
d. in Paris about 1812. He studied in Paris, be-
came a lawyer, and was elected member of the
Academic so'ciety of sciences. He went to Caracas,
in South America, where he acted as agent of the
French government till the revolution, and then to
England, where he spent several years in preparing
his works for publication. He appears to have
paid a second visit to America during this time.
He returned to Prance in 1804, and. although he
was not employed by the imperial government, his
advice was constantly sought in matters relating
to the colonial possessions of France. He wrote
"lies colonies franchises"; "Observations sur la
situation politique de St. Domingue " (1792) ; " Voy-
age a la partie orientale de la terre ferine, dans
1'Amerique meridionale, fait pendant les annees
1801, 1803, 1804 " (1806) ; and "Perspective des rap-
ports politiques et commercially de la France dans
les doux Indes, sous la dynastie regnante" (1807).
PONTBRIAND, Henry Mary Du Breil de (pom-bre-ong). Canadian bishop, b. in Vannes, France, in 1709: d. in Montreal, Canada, in 1760. He was consecrated bishop of Quebec in Paris in
1741, and arrived in Canada the same year, with
several priests. After entering Quebec, he found
himself engaged in a lawsuit with the nuns of
the general hospital, who claimed the episcopal
palace as part of the legacy that Saint- Valier, sec-
ond bishop of Quebec, had left them. He ob-
tained a royal decree confirming the possession of
the palace to the bishops of Quebec, which was
followed by another prohibiting religious congre-
gations from holding lands in mortmain, and in
1 744 by a letter from the minister, Maurepas. en-
joining him to suppress a portion of the holiday?
observed by the Canadian people : but he paid no
attention to either. After the capture of Quebec by
thr English in 1759, he regulated the affairs of his
church as far as possible, appointed a vicar-general,
iv. i unmended his clergy to submit to the new order
of things and observe the terms of the capitulation,
and then retired to Montreal. He was not able- to
survive the grief which the capture of Quebec
caused him. and died after a few days' illness.
PONTEVES-UIEN, Henry Jean Baptiste (pont-vay), Viscount de, commonly known as
COUNT DE PONTEVES. French naval officer, b. in
Aix, Provence, in 1740: d. in Fort Royal, Martin-
ique, 23 July, 1790. He entered the navy as a mid-
shipman in 1755, and served in Canada during the
war of 1756-'63. He was attached afterward to
the station of Martinique, and in 1776 employed to
make soundings along the Newfoundland banks
and the coast of St. Pierre and Miquelon islands,
preparing charts of those regions. When France
took part in the war for American independence
he was on duty at Brest, but, requesting to be em-
ployed in more active service, he was appointed to
the command of a division, with which he de-
stroyed the English establishments and forts on
the coast of Guinea between the river Gambia and
Sierra Leone. Upon his return he was promoted
"chef d'escadre," and charged with escorting a
convoy of eighty sail to the United States. After-
ward he participated in the engagements with Lord
Byron, assisted Bouille at the capture of Tobago,
was with De Grasse at Yorktown in October, 17S1,
and served under De Vaudreuilles till the con-
clusion of the campaign. He commanded the sta-
tion of the Leeward islands in 1784-'90, became in
January, 1790, governor pro tempore of Martin-
ique, and during his short administration not only
promoted the best interests of the colony, but ap-
peased all the troubles that had been provoked by
the French revolution, leaving Martinique at his
death in a state of perfect tranquillity, while all the
other French possessions in the West Indies were
in insurrection. By public subscription his statue
was erected in one of the squares of Fort Royal.
PONTGRAVE, Sieur de (pong-grah-vay), French sailor, b. in St. Malo, France, in the latter half of the 16th century; d. there probably in the first half of the 17th. He was one of the most enterprising merchants in St. Malo, and a skilful navigator. He had made several voyages to Tadousac, Canada, and believed that the development of the fur-trade would lead to great wealth, especially if it were under the control of a single person. With this object he proposed to Chauvin, a sea-captain, to obtain exclusive privileges from the court in connection with this branch of commerce, and, on the latter's success, Pontgrave equipped several vessels and sailed with him for Canada in 1599. He wished
to form a settlement at Three Rivers, but, Chauvin objecting, he returned to France in 1600. In 1603 the king granted him letters-patent to continue his discoveries in Canada and establish colonies, and the merchants of Rouen fitted out an expedition
under his direction. He sailed on 15 March, Samuel Champlain being on board one of his ships, and he accompanied Champlain in his voyage up St. Lawrence river. He sailed again to Canada the
same year, commanding a ship under De Monts, and later was appointed to transfer the latter colony to Port Royal in Acadia. Pontgrave devoted himself to the welfare of the new settlement, and
