174 THE CIIL'IJCH UF ST. MAHY, GUILDFuRD. to believe that neaily all the nule towers that are callcMJ Aiifrlo-Saxon, are of the eleventh century, some before and some after the Xurman Conquest, ^Y]lich made no immediate change in the style of building. Korman workmen had been employed in England in the time of Edward the Con- fessor, and the .same style continued to be used down to the year 1 1 uO. The well-known towers in the lower part of the city of Lincoln are of the latter half of the eleventh century, and after the Conquest. The date of Deerhunst is known by an inscription of the time of Edward the Confessor. This tower at Guildford is so very rude, that it may be of any period ; but that arises from the building materials being chalk and flint. Some persoris are very apt to overlook the necessary influence of the building materials in all cases. From the earliest ages the size of the stones used in building has been governed, to a great extent, by the quarry from which the stone was taken, and in the early part of the eleventh century the buildings always have a very rude character, which gives them the appearance of being much older than they really are, and this seems to me to be the case in the present instance. The church ha<l three apses — one to the chancel, the end of which has been cut ofl" to widen the street, and a large perpen- dicular window brought from the old outer wall and inserted in the new end wall. The other two apses are to the aisles ; these are of later character, of the time of Henry II., the period of the transition of styles, to which also belong the larger arches on the east and west sides of the tower, which are insertions in the old walls, replacing the small early arches. Each of the ai^ses of the aisles belongs to a chantry chapel of considerable size, extending down the side of the choir and of the tower, with a wide arch of the time of Henry III. inserted mider the earlier window over it, at the west end of the transept chapel, now oj)ening into the aisle of the nave and showing that the roofs of the aisle were originally nnich lower than the present ones. 'l"he aisles were narrow, with lean-to roofs only, anil have been rebuik and enlarged at a later period. The two bays of the choir have diflV'rent vaults — the one next the tower is of the (jmr df Henry II., that of the western bay is of the tinie (.f 11. my III. The vault of the apse of the south aisle of >St. Mary's (Jliapel is later .Norman ; that of the noithem ajtsidal cha])cl of
