is the ſoule, by the which man agrieth with Angells. For by the ſoule man is lift vp to heauenlye thinges, aboue the kinde of bodie. For as Iſidore ſayth, by a miſſe vſe, Homo, a man, hath ye name of Humo, the earth: ſith that he is not made only of body, but compoſed of body & of ſoule. And therefore a man is called Antropos in Gréeke:[1]: By Antropos is vnderſtoode vprightlye formed. For the ſpirit is lifted vp by gouernaunce, to the contemplation of God his maker: wherfore the Poet ſaith[2].
Pronaque cum ſpectant animalia cetera terrā,
Os homini ſublime dedit cœlumquè videre.
Iuſſit & erectos ad ſidera tollere vultus.
The meaning is thus, other beaſts looke downeward to the earth. And God gaue to man an high mouth, and commaunded him to looke vp and beholde heauen: & he gaue to men viſages looking vpwarde towarde the ſtarres. And alſo a man ſhoulde ſéeke heauen, and not put his thought in the earth, and be obedient to the wombe as a beaſt. Iſidore ſpeaketh of a double manner man,* of the inner man, and vtter man. And firſt wee ſhall treate and procéede of the inner man.
¶Of the inner man, the ſoule, Chap. 2.
Firſt it is to vnderſtand, what thing the reaſonable ſoule is, and of what diſpoſition, & what is the meaning of the Etimelogie, and the pronouncing of this name, Anima, a ſoule. Then of the might & vertue therof. And thirdly of the effect & working therof. Fourthly, of the perfection and compariſon, that is to witte, what is the propertie thereof, when it is ioyned to the bodie, and when it is departed from the bodye. The reaſonable ſoule, of the which we intend héere to ſpeake, is defined of ſome Saintes and Philoſophers, as a ſpirit: And of ſome other, as Anima et ſpiritus, ſoule and ſpirite. In that the ſoule hath the kinde of a ſpirit, S. Auſten defineth it in libro de motu cordis.
¶Yet of the Soule. Chap. 3.
A Soule is an vnbodilye ſubſtaunce intellectuall, that receiueth lyght of the firſt, by the laſt relation: By this definition we know the firſt and cheife propertie of the ſoule. For mans ſpirit receiueth the lyght of God next after Angells. Alſo in that it is a ſoule, it is defined in two manners. For it is ioyned to the bodie in two manners, that is to vnderſtand, a mouer to the thing that is moued, and alſo as a ſhipman is ſetteled to the ſhippe. And thereto according Remigius defineth a ſoule in this manner. A ſoule is a bodileſſe ſubſtance ruling a bodie. And Saint Auſten in the booke De anima et ſpiritu, ſaith in this manner. A Soule is a certeine ſubſtaunce, partener of reaſon, betaken to a bodie that ſhall be ruled. Of the which definition ſome propertie is taken: That is, that the ſoule by a certeine neceſſitie of loue & gouernaunce is kindly giuen to the ruling of the bodie, that is ioyned thereto. And héereby it appeareth, that the ſoule is not ſtreighted, neither ſpread in length, neither in bredth in the bodie, that he ruleth and gouerneth: but by the vertue of the ſoule the body all about is ruled and moued. As Calcidius putteth example in Commento ſuper Thimeum, of the Spider that ſitteth in the middle of the web, & féeleth all manner of mouing, & toucheth the webbe either within or without: So the ſoule, abiding in the middle of the heart, without ſpreading of it ſelfe, giueth lyfe to all the bodie, and gouerneth and ruleth the mouing of all the lims. In that it is compared to the body, that it is ioyned vnto, as forme and perfection. It is defined of the Philoſopher in lib. de Anima, in this manner. A ſoule is Endelichia, that is, the firſt act or perfection of a kindly bodie, that hath lims and might to haue life. By which definition it is manifeſt, that though the ſoule be ioyned to the bodie, it may not be faſtened to all manner of bodyes, but onely to a kindly bodie, that hath limmes,
- ↑ Antropos, of Anti, & Tropeo: Homo converſus, a man growing with his head or root upward.
- ↑ https://la.wikiſource.org/wiki/Metamorphoſeſ_(Ovidius)/Liber_I
