cipient, 118, 119; come near to attacking one, on one's approaching their nest, 121; mode of attack ineffective, 122
Gulls, Herring, fighting of, 108, 109; power of retaining a mental image, 110; curious behaviour of a pair, 110, 111; habit of forcing each other or other gulls to disgorge fish incipient, 118, 119; feed young by disgorging fish, 119, 120; disgorge fish for each other, 119, 120
Habits, variations of, more interesting than of structure, 228; may be marked in transitu, 229; plasticity of, 48
Hare, disturbing rooks, 227
Hate, oneself, a good way to, 335
Hedge-sparrow, at straw-stacks in winter, 201, 202
Heine, allusion of to the nightingale, 313
Heron, must wait a little, 337
Herring, going a progress twice, 116. Head absent in those disgorged by great skua for its young, 116, 117; possible explanations of this, 117, 118. Profusion of, brought by great skua for its young, 118
Homer, may be caught up by a butterfly, 335
Hooded Crow, flying with peewits, 27, 28; frolicking or skirmishing with raven, 137; curious antics of, 137, 138; flying with rooks, 296; consorting with rooks in the fields, 296; may sometimes roost with rooks, 296; when with rooks acts as though of the same species, 296
Hudson, Mr, views of, referred to, 79, 80, 81
Kestrel, importunity of female, 112
Kittiwakes, habit of forcing each other or other gulls to disgorge fish incipient, 118; will turn to bay and drive off Arctic skua, 128; roosting in extraordinary numbers, 197, 198
Language idea as to origin of, suggested by rooks, 288, 289
Larks (see Skylark)
Life, study of, as important as that of death, 332
Linnet, an example of sexual selection acting in two directions, 318
Lyre-bird, an example of a highly adorned species which is also musical, 334
Merganser, manner of diving of, 153, 154
Meves, M., on cause of bleating in the snipe, 53
Moor-hen, becoming a partridge or plover, 48; an orchestra of peculiar brazen instruments, 57. Manner of diving of, 156, 157, 158; habit of, may be becoming established, 158; and may differ in different localities, 158. Browses grass, 227; wariness of, 226; power of drawing an inference, 227; independent spirit and originality, 227, 228
Naturalist in La Plata, referred to, 79, 80, 81
Nightingale, male not singing much during nest-building, 307; song of, a vehicle of hatred and rivalry, 308. Conduct of rival males, 308, 309; similar to wheatears, 308. Conduct of female during combats of rival males, 309, 310; croaking notes of, 310. Song probably founded on these, 310; which would account for its low key, 312; how differing from that of thrush, blackcap, skylark, etc., 312; does not include every excellence, 312; frequent pauses in, 312; when at its best, 313;
